2022年中考备考复习1小时破解“非谓语动词”ppt课件.pptx
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1、非谓语动词非谓语动词 一小时破解一小时破解 中考学习目标1.能够准确理解并表述非谓语动词的概念。2.能够正确理解并运用非谓语动词(不定式,动名词、现在分词、过去分词)形式。学习目标是什么?是什么?考什么?考什么?怎么用?怎么用?非谓语动词考点命题趋势特点 非谓语动词是历年必考知识点。从考查形式看,一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。从命题意图看,侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用非谓语动词的能力。近几年对非谓语动词的考查主要集中在以下几个方面:1.动词不定式动词不定式to do(短语)作主语、宾语、宾补、目的状语和定语的用法;(短语)作主语、宾语、宾补、目的状语和定语的用法;2.动词动词-in
2、g形形式作宾语、宾补的用法;式作宾语、宾补的用法;3.动词后接动词不定式动词后接动词不定式to do(短语)和动词(短语)和动词-ing(短语)的不同含义;短语)的不同含义;4.过去分词过去分词done(短语)作定语、宾补的用法。动词不定式(短语)作定语、宾补的用法。动词不定式to do作宾语、目的状语及宾补,作宾语、目的状语及宾补,动词动词-ing形式作宾语一直是中考考查的重点。形式作宾语一直是中考考查的重点。非谓语动词初体验她喜欢旅行旅行。她计划旅行。旅行。她让我和她一起去旅行。我拒绝了和她一起去旅行。我答应和她一起去旅行。She enjoy travel.She plan travel.
3、She ask me go travel with her.I refuse go travel with her.I promise go travel with her.你是不是这样说过?非谓语动词初体验她她喜欢喜欢旅行旅行。她她计划计划旅行。旅行。她她让让我和她我和她一起去一起去旅行旅行。我我拒绝拒绝了和她了和她一起去一起去旅行旅行。我我答应答应和她和她一起去一起去旅行旅行。She enjoys travelling.She plans to travel.She asked me to go to travel with her.I refused to go to travel wi
4、th her.I promised to go to travel with her.非谓语动词基础概念定义:在句子中充当除谓语以外(不作谓语不作谓语)的句子的各种成分(作主语、宾语、定语、(作主语、宾语、定语、表语、状语、补语、同位语)表语、状语、补语、同位语)的动词形式。种类:动词不定式 to do 动名词 doing 现在分词 doing 过去分词 done判断下面几句话中划线部分是谓语还是非谓语,若是非谓语的话在句中作什么成分。The volunteer worked hard to get more kids back to school.Have you finished read
5、ing the book?I was playing with my phone when my mother came in.China is a developing country.America is a developed country.She often reads with her daughter in the evening.非谓语动词基础概念定义:在句子中充当除谓语以外(不作谓语不作谓语)的句子的各种成分(作主语、宾语、定语、(作主语、宾语、定语、表语、状语、补语、同位语)表语、状语、补语、同位语)的动词形式。种类:动词不定式 to do 动名词 doing 现在分词 d
6、oing 过去分词 done判断下面几句话中划线部分是谓语还是非谓语,若是非谓语的话在句中作什么成分。The volunteer worked hard to get more kids back to school.Have you finished reading the book?I was playing with my phone when my mother came in.China is a developing country.America is a developed country.She often reads with her daughter in the eve
7、ning.考点梳理动词不定式 to do句子成分用法作主语谓语动词用单数形式谓语动词用单数形式,为避免头重脚轻常用it作形式主语。常用句型有:It is+adj.+for/of sb.+(not)to do sth.意为做某事对某人来说是。It takes sb.+some time+to do sth.意为做某事花费某人多长时间作宾语常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有:would like,want,like,hope,wish,plan,decide,learn,agree,try,remember,forget,expect,refuse,afford,prefer,continue,prom
8、ise,begin,start,cant wait to do,used to do等。think,find,believe,feel等动词可用于动词+it+adj.+to do sth.句型中。it作形式宾语,而真正的宾语是后面的不定式。作定语动词不定式放在名词、代词后作定语,两者之间常有逻辑上的动宾关系,因此,如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,后面应该加上相应的介词。常接不定式作定语的名词有:time,need,way,chance,opportunity,courage,reason,effort,determination,decision,ability,ambition。作状语不定式
9、常可用作状语,修饰动词,表示行为的目的、结果和原因。作表语放在系动词后作表语。作补语allow,expect,invite,would like,encourage,tell,ask,advise,warn等动词(短语)的宾语后即即“动词动词+sb/sth+to do”结构结构用不定式to do 做宾语补足语。考点梳理动词不定式 to do练一练(第1-4小题单句填空,第5-6小题单项选择,第7小题同义句转换):1.I hope _(hear)from you soon.2.He found _ difficult _(get)asleep after drinking coffee.3.I
10、am here _(help)you out of troubles.4.He was overjoyed _(find)he got an A in the exam.5.Leonardo DiCaprio,a famous American actor,was always expecting_an Oscar and finally he made it.A.to win B.winning C.not to win D.not winning 6.The villagers plan_a new bridge_ the river.A.build;on B.building;over
11、C.built;on D.to build;over 7.To get an injection is a little painful._ a little painful _ _ an injection考点梳理动词不定式 to do练一练(第1-4小题单句填空,第5-6小题单项选择,第7小题同义句转换):1.I hope _(hear)from you soon.2.He found _ difficult _(get)asleep after drinking coffee.3.I am here _(help)you out of troubles.4.He was overjoye
12、d _(find)he got an A in the exam.5.Leonardo DiCaprio,a famous American actor,was always expecting_an Oscar and finally he made it.A.to win B.winning C.not to win D.not winning 6.The villagers plan_a new bridge_ the river.A.build;on B.building;over C.built;on D.to build;over 7.To get an injection is
13、a little painful._ a little painful _ _ an injectionto hearitto getto helpto findADItsto get 考点梳理动词不定式 to do 的特殊用法使役动词和感官动词使役动词和感官动词后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语,后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语,须省略须省略to,即即“let/make/hear/see/notice/have/watch+sb+do sth”;但被动语态时,省略的但被动语态时,省略的to则要加上则要加上。此类动词有:一感一感(feel)二听二听(hear,listen to)三让三让(let,make,
14、have)四看四看(look at,see,watch,notice)五帮五帮(help)。例句:Lets listen to her play the beautiful music To Alice致爱丽丝.My parents dont let me go out alone at night.Did you notice a strange man come into our campus.Jack often helps me(to)learn English.Our teacher made us make three sentences with these words.We w
15、ere made to make three sentences with these words(by our teacher).考点梳理动词不定式 to do 的特殊用法 有些主从句中,从句部分可简化为“疑问词疑问词+to do sth”结构来作宾语、主语、表语.Can you tell me how I can get to the hospital?Can you tell me how to get to the hospital.She cant remember what she need buy.She cant remember what to buy.例题:Wow,Wend
16、y,its cool to make a short video with your mobile phone.Just with a software called Meipai.Let me show you _.A.which to use B.how to use it C.what to use D.where to use it 考点梳理动词不定式 to do 的特殊用法 有些主从句中,从句部分可简化为“疑问词疑问词+to do sth”结构来作宾语、主语、表语.Can you tell me how I can get to the hospital?Can you tell m
17、e how to get to the hospital.She cant remember what she need buy.She cant remember what to buy.例题:Wow,Wendy,its cool to make a short video with your mobile phone.Just with a software called Meipai.Let me show you _.A.which to use B.how to use it C.what to use D.where to use it B 考点梳理动名词 doing 用法动名词d
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