2022年人教版中考英语复习ppt课件 形容词和副词的比较等级.pptx

1、Yao Ming is very tall.He can play basketball well.Yao Ming is taller than Kobe.Kobe plays better than Yao.形容词的概念和基本用法（一）概念：形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。e.g.long，empty.cheap，hungry，etc.（二）基本用法 1.在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等成分。作定语 What a fine day!作表语 She looks happy.作宾语补足语 Do you think it necessary?2.形容词修饰名词或代词时在句中的位置 1）

2、形容词修饰普通名词时，一般放在名词的前面，当有两个以上的形容词来修饰同一名词时，其排列顺序大致如下：特（征）大（小）形（状）新（旧）色（彩）国（籍）材（料）2）当形容词修饰由some-,any-,no-,every-构成的不定代词时，形容词要放在这些不定代词的之后，如：something interesting,nothing new.3.注意-ed和土峪结尾的形容词的区别：-ed:感到.的-ing:令人感到的 如：excited 感到激动的、兴奋的 exciting 令人感到激动的、兴奋的副词的概念和基本用法（一）（一）概念用以修饰动词、动词、形容词或其他副容词或其他副词的词叫做副词词的词叫

3、做副词。e.g.happily,hardly,already,quickly,etc.（二）（二）分类1.时间副词：today,early,soon,now,then,recently 等 He will be back tomorrow.他明天将回来。Yesterday we all went to the park.昨天我们都去公园了。2.地点副词：somewhere,here,there,downstairs 等。The children are playing downstairs.孩子们正在楼下玩.3.程度副词:very much,enough,quite,almost,rather

4、 Tom is old enough to go to school.汤姆已经足够大可以去上学了。4.方式副词:well,fast,carefully,slowly,quickly 等,回答 how 的提问 Mary speaks Chinese very well,玛丽的汉语说得非常好。The monkeys ate up the bananas quickly.猴子们飞快地吃光了香蕉。5.频度副词：always,often,never,usually,hardly,seldom 等 I often go out for a walk after supper.晚饭后，我经常出去散步。She

5、 is seldom out on Sundays.她星期天很少外出。6.疑问副词：how,when,where,why等，主要用来引导特殊疑问句，放在句首 Where are you going for vacation?你打算去哪里度假？Why were you late for our meeting last night?昨晚我们开会你为什么迟到了？7.连接副词：how,when,where,why等，用来引导从句或与不定式连用。Thats why its on the news.那就是它上新闻的原因。Do you know how to operate the machine?你知道

6、怎样操作这台机器吗?1.副词修饰动词时，通常可以放在句首、句中或句末，如：句首：Usually I do my homework in the eveiling.通常我晚上做家庭作业。句中：I often get up at six.我常在6点起床。句末：Please speak slowly.请慢慢说。（三）在句子中位置2.副词修饰形容词或副词时,通常放在形容词或副词的前面。如：在形容词前：These flowers are quite beautiful.这些花相当漂亮。在副词前：He woiks very hard,他工作很努力。但也有例外，如：She is old enough to

7、go to school.（在形容词后）3.按一般规则，既有地点状语又有时间状语时，先地点后时间。如：We had a meeting in the classroom yesterday afternoon.我们昨天下午在教室开了一个会。He watched TV at home last night.他昨晚在家看电视。副词的构成1.本身为副词，如 now.rather,also,there,here,how,when,too.quite 等。2.少数词既是副词，也是形容词。这样的词有late,high等，只是它们作副词与作形容词时 在句中的位置不同，对比下面两个例句：He comes to

8、 school very early every morning.他每天到校很早。（early 副词，修饰动词come）Mr Smith always catches the early bus to go ro work every mom in g.史密斯先生每天早上总是乘早班车上班.（early为形容词，作名词bus的定语）3.由“形容词+-ly”构成。1）一般情况下形容词后直接+ly,如 quick-quickly,beautiful-beautifully,bad-badly,exact-exactly,brave-bravely 等。2）以辅音字母+y结尾，把y改成i再加-ly，如

9、happy-happily,healthy-healthily 3）以-le结尾的形容词改为副词需要去掉-e再加-y，如possible-possibly,comfortable-comfortably 4）true 改为副词，需要去-e加-ly，true-truly4.不是以-ly结尾的都是副词，注意以-ly结尾的形容词，如：lovely,friendly,loenely,likely,elderly 等。形容词和副词的级（一）比较级和最高级的构成1.单音节词和部分双音节单词的规则变化1）一般情况下在词尾加-er,-est,如 new-newer-newest,long-longer-lon

10、gest2）以不发音的字母 e 结尾的，在词尾加-r或-st,late-later-latest,nice-nicer-nicest3）以“辅音字母+y结尾的,把 y 变 i,再加-er或-est,happy-happier-happiest4）以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-er或-est,如 big-bigger-biggest2.多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加more或 most,如 important-more important-most important3.不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/ill/badlywor

11、seworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest（二）级的用法1.原级1）as+形容词或副词原级+as.意思为“和一样”This joke is as fimny as that one.这个笑话和那个一样好笑。He runs as fast as you.他跑得跟你一样快。2）not as/so+形容词或副词原级+as.意思为“不如”She isnt as/so outgoing as Mary.她的性格不如玛丽外向 He doesnt d

12、o his homework as/so carefully as Kate.他做作业不如凯持认直。2.比较級1)若表示某一个事物或人在某方面比另一个事物或人更怎样，可以用：A+比较级+than+B 表示“A比B更.”The earth is bigger than the moon.地球比月球更大。He works harder than us.他比我们工作更努力。2)A.+the+比较级+of the two 表示“A是两者中更的”He is the taller of the two boys.他是这两个男孩中较高的那个。She sings the better of the two g

13、irls.她是这两个女孩中唱得比较好的那个。3)比较級+and+比较级表示“越来越.”When spring comes,the days are getting longer and longer。当春天来临时，白天变得越来越长了。The West Lake is becoming more and more beautiful.西湖正变得越来越美丽。4)The+比较级，the+比较级 表示“越.,越.”The busier he is.the happier he feels.他越忙，越觉得高兴。The more you have,the more you want.你拥有的越多，想要的也

14、就越多。5）当强调比较的程度时，可以在形容词、副词的比较级前使用much,even,still,far,a little,a little,a lot等，而very,quite 常用来修饰原级，不能用来修饰比较级 It is much colder than yesterday.今天比昨天冷得多。My pear is a little bigger than yours.我的梨比你的大一点。6）表示倍数的词或度量名词可以作比较级的修饰语。She is three years younger than him.她比他小三岁。He works three times faster than us.

15、他干活比我们快三倍。3.最高级1）形容词、副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较，表示在一定范围内“最.七 其主要句型有：A.+the+最高级+in（of，among）.在某范围之内A最.She is the most popular teacher in our school.她是我们学校最受欢迎的老师。A+one of the+最高级+复数名词A是最.的.之一”Jay Chou is one of the most popular singers in Taiwan.周杰伦是台湾最受欢迎的歌手之一。China is one of the largest countries in

16、 the world.中国是世界上最大的国家之一。the+序数词+最高级+单数名词+in+范围 在某范围内是第几的”Changjiang River is the first longest river in our country.长江是我国第一长河。A.+the+最高级+(that)I have ever seen/hear/read.A是我所见过的/听过的/读过的最.的.You are the most beautiful girl(that)I have ever seen.你是我所见过的最漂亮的女孩。2)形容词最高级前如果没有形容词性物主代词，必须加定冠词the,但副词的最高级前可以

17、不用the.He is the fastest runner in our class.He runs(the)fastest in our class.3）当把含有最高级或比较级的句子进行同义句转换时，需要注意是否在同一范围内进行比较，比较下列例句：China is the biggest city in Asia.=China is bigger than any other country in Asia.（例 1）China is bigger than any country in Africa.（例 2）在同一范围内进行比较时，比较的双方不能发生重复现象，故在例（1）中使用 oth

18、er以避免重复。但在不同范围内对人或同一性质的事物进行比较时，则不用other,如例中，由于中国属于亚洲，而被比较者却是另一范围的国家，因此不用other。同理：He is the tallest in his class.=Nobody else is taller than him in his class.这个例题中，因为是在他们班这个范围内进行比较，也可以用else来避免重复。【典型例题】1My friend is often _,but he doesnt feel _ Aalone,lonely Blonely,lonely Clonely,aloneDalone,alone【答案

19、】A【详解】alone独自的，单独的，作表语；lonely孤独，寂寞的，荒无人烟的，做表语或定语。根据“My friend is often”可知强调的是客观上独自一人，用形容词alone作表语。根据“feel”可知强调的是人感到孤独的，用形容词lonely作表语。故选A。2The _ pressure you put on yourself,the _ you will do in the exam.Amore,worseBmuch,badlyCmany,badDmore,worst【答案】A【详解】more更多；worse更糟糕；much许多；badly厉害地；many许多；bad坏的；w

20、orst最糟糕。根据题干中“The.the.”可知用“the+比较级.,the+比较级.”表示“越就越”。前后两个空都用比较级。故选A。3Which river is the _ of the two,the Nile or the Yangtze River?The Nile.And it is the _ both in Africa and the world.Alongest;longer Blongest;longest Clonger;longestDlonger;longer【答案】C【详解】longest最长的；longer更长的。根据“of the two,the Nile

21、or the Yangtze River”可知，第一空指2条河流中更长的，故用比较级，故排除AB；根据“both in Africa and the world”可知，比较范围是非洲和全世界，故第二空用最高级。故选C。4Li Lei isnt _ Liu Ming.Atall asBas taller asCas tall as Das the taller as【答案】C【解析】asas和一样，表示同级比较，两个as之间用形容词或副词的原级，故B和D不对。A选项中缺少一个as，故应该选C。5Mike did quite_in the math exam,but Linda did even_.Abad.worseBbadly,worstCbadly,worseDbad.worst【答案】C【详解】badly：糟糕地，badly的比较级是worse。根据句意：迈克数学考试考得很差，但琳达考得更差。第一空无比较的意思，用副词原级，故排除，A和D；even：甚至，更，修饰比较级，第二空用副词的比较级，故排除B，故选C。EDUCATION