2021年中考语法复习ppt课件 被动语态的一般和特殊用法.pptx

1、被动语态 The dog catches a thief.Im caught(by a dog).动词语态主动语态被动语态He teaches us chemistry every day.We are taught chemistry by him every day.强调执行动作的人告诉我们一件事情主语是动作的执行者主语是动作的承受者第第 一一 部部 分分didiyi yib bu ufenfen判断我们用木头做家具 那只老鼠被猫抓住了 相机是被用来照相的 主动语态被动语态被动语态常译为“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动关系被动语态的用法不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没有必要指出动

2、作的执行者时如：My bike was stolen last night.Letters are collected at eight every morning.（不知道偷车对象）（不知道信件是被谁收集的）被动语态的用法为了强调或突出动作的承受者时如：The desk was made by Master Wang.The bag was taken away by his sister.被动语态的用法动作执行者被较长的修饰语修饰时如：This idea was supported by those who wished to make much money.想挣许多钱的人们支持那个主意

3、被动语态的用法为了更好地安排句子以及在上下文中，为了使句子间连接紧密时如：The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people.I have a new skirt.It was given to me as a birthday present by my aunt.（一个主语就够了）（句子的紧密连接）be +动词的过去分词 +(by +动作执行者）结构如：Flower is watered by mother.The instrument was bought by my grandfat

4、her many years ago.许多年前，这个乐器被我的祖父买了下来被动语态在各个时态中的结构形式时态主动语态被动语态(be+过去分词）一般现在时see/seesam(is,are)+seen一般过去时sawwas(were)+seen一般将来时will(shall)+seewill(shall)+be+seen(过去将来时)would(should)+seewould(should)+be+seen现在进行时am(is,are)+seeingam(is,are)+being+seen(过去进行时)was(were)+seeingwas(were)+being+seen现在完成时have

5、(has)+seenhave(has)+been+seen(过去完成时)had+seenhad+been+seen含情态动词情态动词+see情态动词+be+seen02Lingling learned a new English song yesterday.我昨天学了一首新的英文歌如：A new English song was learned by Lingling yesterday.Students clean the classroom every six months.学生们每六个月打扫一次教室如：The classroom is cleaned by students every

6、 six months.练一练1.一般现在时：People grow rice in the south of the country._ _ _ in the south of the country.2.一般过去时：Nancy Jackson cleaned the window yesterday.The window_ _ _ Nancy Jackson yesterday.3.一般将来时：They will hold the Talk Show in the school hall.The charity show _ _ _ in the school hall.4.现在完成时：H

7、e has brought his book here.His book _ _ _ here.5.含有情态动词的被动语态：You must hand in your homework after class.Your homework _ _ _ _ after class.练一练将下列句子改成被动语态We use English as a foreign language.English is used as a foreign language(by us).That famous writer has written business letters in English.Busine

8、ss letters has been written(by that famous writer)in English.练一练将下列句子改成被动语态Rice are being grown(by farmers)in Zhejiang now.They can finish their homework on time.Their homework can be finished(by them)on time.Farmers are growing rice in Zhejiang now.练一练将下列句子改成被动语态Lily was often made to cry(by Tom).H

9、e gave the boy an apple.An apple was given to the boy(by him).Tom often makes Lily cry.The boy was given an apple(by him).练一练将下列句子改成被动语态We will give up the plan.The plan will be given up(by us).注意：(1)含直接宾语和间接宾语（双宾结构）的主动语态变为被动语态时有两种情况如：He offers the boy a meal.把 间接宾语改为主语，直接宾语保留不变The boy is offered a

10、meal by him.如：He offers the boy a meal.把 直接宾语改为主语，此时间接宾语前要加 to或 forA meal is offered to the boy by him.He cooks the boy a meal.A meal is cooked for the boy by him.give,pass,show,send-to/buy,draw,make,cook,pick-for注意：(1)练一练My sister has bought me a birthday gift.I have been bought a birthday gift by

11、my sister.A birthday gift has been bought for me by my sister.练一练My father gave me a new book on my birthday.I was given a new book by father on my birthday.A new book was given to me by father on my birthday.注意：(2)在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”结构中，主动语态变为被动语态时，动词不定式to要还原；即使役动词have,make,get,let以及感官动词see,watch,notice

12、,hear,feel,observe 等变为被动结构时，要加to如：We saw a stranger enter a hall.The stranger was seen to enter a hall.练一练He was heard to sing last night.The boss made them work 10 hours a day.They were made to work 10 hours a day.I heard him sing last night.练一练Mary was seen _ the piano when I passed her room and s

13、he is often heard _ songs.A.to play;to sing B.playing;to sing C.playing;singing D.to play;singingB动词短语在含被动语态的句子中做谓语时，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词如：The plan will be given up.这项计划就要被放弃了 Bad habits have been done away with.坏习惯已经改掉了 注意：(3)练一练My sister will _ by Grandma.A.take care of B.take care C.be taken care D.be ta

14、ken care ofThe teacher must _ carefully in class.A.listen B.be listened C.be listened to D.be listeningDC第第 二二 部部 分分didiererbubufenfen 主动意义表被动意义“系动词look,sound,feel,smell,taste等+形容词”构成系表结构如：The steel feels cold.钢摸起来很凉 That sounds very reasonable.那听起来很有道理 主动意义表被动意义某些与 cant wont 等连用的不及物动词，如：move,lock,s

15、hut,open如：The door wont shut.这扇门关不上 The box cant move.盒子不能移动 主动意义表被动意义某些可用来表示主语内在品质或性能的不及物动词如：sell,write,wash,clean,last(耐久),wear(耐穿)等如：This kind of food sells well.这种食物畅销 This cloth washes well and lasts long.这布料经洗，耐穿 主动意义表被动意义表示“需要，需求”含义的动词，如：require,need,want 等如：The trees need to be watered.树需要浇水

16、=The trees need watering.require/need/want doing=require/need/want to be done 主动意义表被动意义表示“值得，应该”含义的词，如：worth 等，即：be worth doing sth如：The novel is worth reading.小说值得一读 The thing is worth doing.事情值得做 练一练The composition doesnt _any more.A.need to be correcting B.need to be corrected C.need be corrected

17、 D.need be correctingThe surface of the table _ smooth enough.A.hasnt felt B.doesnt feel C.isnt feeling D.isnt feltBB练一练“Harry Potter”is worth _,appealing millions of teens.A.to read B.reading C.to be read D.being read-Do you like the new pen?-Yes,it _ very well.A.is written B.is writing C.wrote D.w

18、ritesBD练一练-Who is _ for starting the fire?-Sorry,I have no idea.A.to be blamed B.blaming C.being blamed D.to blameThese young seedlings will need _ carefully.A.look after B.looking after C.to look after D.looked afterBDbe to blame（该受责备，对某件坏事应负责）与be to let（待出租）两种结构中，用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义如：Which driver is t

19、o blame for the accident?This house is to let.这次事故是哪个司机的责任 注意这座房子要出租 第第 三三 部部 分分didisansanb bu ufenfen 无被动语态的动词或短语不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态（即多数的瞬间动词）如：The great changes have taken place in China in recent years.近些年来中国发生了翻天覆地的变化 appear,die,disappear,fail,happen,lie,break out,take place 无被动语态的动词或短语不能用于被动语态的及物动词

20、或动词短语如：We belong to the new club.我们是这个新俱乐部的成员 fit,have,hold,marry,wish,suffer from,succeed in,happen to,belong to,arrive in/at等 被动语态练习题When Tim _ why he was late for school,he just kept silent.A.was asked B.asked C.was asking D.is askedThe play _ at the theatre next Sunday.A.will show B.will shown C

21、.will be shown D.is shownACThese apples _ well because they _ nice.A.are sold;look B.sell;are looked C.sell;look D.are sold;are lookedThey can go home as soon as the homework _.A.finishes B.finished C.will be finished D.is finishedCDIt was the natural disaster,rather tha human errors,that _ for the

22、death of so many innocent people.A.are blamed B.was to blame C.was blamed D.were to blameThe flowers_often.A.must be water B.must be watered C.must watere D.must waterBBThe composition doesnt_any more.A.need to be correcting B.need to be corrected C.need be corrected D.need be correctingGreat changes _ during the past 30 years.A.have been taken place B.have taken place C.were taken place D.were taking placeBB谢谢聆听