2021年中考英语语法复习ppt课件 宾语从句.pptx

1、 语法精讲：宾语从句（一）宾语从句的简介 含义：宾语从句，是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语的从句称为宾语从句。He told me a story.He told me (that)he was hungry.宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语（名词）主语谓语间接宾语宾语从句连接词有哪些句子可以做宾语 1.陈述句，he is a famous basketball player.2.一般疑问句，will our teachers attend the meeting?3.特殊疑问句，which coat do you prefer?引

2、导宾语从句的常见关联词有3类 从属连词(that,if,whether)连接代词(what,which,who,whom,whose)连接副词(when,where,why,how)有哪些句子可以做宾语 1.陈述句，he is a famous basketball player.2.一般疑问句，will our teachers attend the meeting?3.特殊疑问句，which coat do you prefer?引导宾语从句的常见关联词有3类 从属连词(that,if,whether)连接代词(what,which,who,whom,whose)连接副词(when,whe

3、re,why,how)陈述句作宾语及连词that的应用 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that 引导，因为that在从句中不作成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中可以省略。I hear Shes going to study abroad.I hear(that)shes going to study abroad.He told me He would go abroad the next year.He told me(that)he would go abroad the next year.练习 1.I hear(that)_.（一小时后他会回来）2.

4、He said(that)_.（他非常想念我们）3.The teacher told us(that)_(地球围着太阳转）he will be back in an hourhe missed us very much.the earth moves around the sun.I think,likeI think(that)he likes reading.I know,go to schoolI know(that)he goes to school by bike.一般疑问句做宾语 我问 他想去游泳吗？我问 他是否想去游泳。I askDoes he want to go swimmi

5、ng?1.改为陈述句语气2.用if/whether连接 I askhe wants to go swimming.If/whether宾语从句的语序 句子的两种语序 1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序 There is a shop near here.2.疑问句结构叫疑问语序。Is there a shop near here?宾语从句必须用_ 陈述语序陈述语序练习：将下列句子改成陈述句语序：1.Is there a bank near here?There is a bank near here.2.Is it on the Fifth Floor?It is on the Fifth Floor.

6、3.Are they doing homework?They are doing homework.4.Does he work in a hospital?He works in a hospital.连词的应用(whether/if)If/whether 引导宾语从句表示“是否”，在从句中不作成分，不能省略。I dont know Will there be a party tomorrow?I dont know if/whether there will be a party tomorrow.He asked Will you leave soon?He asked if/wheth

7、er I would leave soon.只能用whether不能用if的情况 介词后的宾语从句 Im thinking about whether we should go fishing.宾语从句提前 Whether the movie star will come or not,I dont know.discuss后的宾语从句 We discussed whether we should close the shop.与or not 紧紧连用，构成whether or not I dont know whether or not he is a teacher.whether 后接不

8、定式时 I dont know whether to attend the meeting.特殊疑问句做宾语 我想知道 你最喜欢哪一条领带？I wonderWhich tie do you like best?1.特殊疑问句改为陈述语序2.连接词就是疑问词本身 I wonderWhich tie you like best?特殊疑问句改为陈述语序 1.Wheres your pen pal from?Where your pen pal is from.2.Where does he live?Where he lives.3.what language does she speak?What

9、 language she speaks.4.Why do you like pandas?Why you like pandas.完成句子 1.I hear(that)he _ in an hour.（我听说他一小时后回来）2.He said(that)he _ very much.（他说他非常想念我们）3.Ask him _.（问问他是否能来）4.Can you tell me _.（你能告诉我他在哪儿吗？）will be back missed us if/whether he can come where he is宾语从句须用陈述语序 陈述句语序：主语+谓语 1.I wonder I

10、s she our new music teacher?I wonder _.2.How can I get to the zoo?Could you tell me?Could you tell me _?3.Whose watch is this?Dose anybody know?Does anybody know _?if/whether she is our new music teacher.how I can get to the zoowhose watch it is宾语从句小结 一.结构 1.当陈述句作宾语从句时，结构：主句+that+主语+谓语部分 2.当一般疑问句作宾语

11、从句时，结构：主句+if/whether+主语+谓语部分 3.当特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，结构：主句+特殊疑问词+主语+谓语部分 宾语从句（二）宾语从句中时态的变化 填一填 Jim _(be)a worker two years ago.Jim _(be)an English teacher now.Jim _(cook)dinner tomorrow.I hear Jim _(sing)a popular song now.(that)Jim _(be)to the Great Wall twice.Jim _(play)basketball when his father came back

12、.Jim _(learn)1000 Chinese words by the end of last semester.1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态（需要性原则）was iswill cookis singinghas beenwas playinghad learned 1)He will go to Hong Kong.2)He is sick.3)He is reading a book.4)He has finished his work.1）He would go to Hong Kong.2)He was sick.He s

13、aid 3)He was reading a book.4)He had finished his homework2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）确定从句的时态（根据主句时态)主句时态 从句时态 连 接 前 连 接 后一般现在时 时态保持不变 一般过去时 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 3）如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象或事实时，宾语从句一律用一般现在时。Our teacher told us that the su

14、n rises in the east and sets in the west.Tom said that water freezes at 0 .4)情态动词could/would 用于表示委婉，客气的“请求”语气时，不表示过去时，因此从句的时态不受主句的约束。Could you tell me whether I can get to the History Museum by bus No.1?Would you ask Tony whether he will go for a picnic with us?拓展：否定转移 主句：I/We think,believe,imagine,

15、suppose,consider,expect 从句：not提前到主句部分 我觉得他是不会来派对的。I dont think he will come to my party.我们认为他做不好这份工作。_We dont believe that he can do the work well.找错误 1.Could you tell me where do they live?2.She knew that Danny is a student.3.He told me that winter was colder than autumn.4.Do you know who car it is?wasiswhose Thank you