2021年中考英语 语法专题 主谓一致 ppt课件.pptx

1、主谓一致主谓一致找出下列句子的错误找出下列句子的错误1.The police is comimg soon.2.The sad news make me cry.3.My shoes is new.4.The rich is going to be looked after well.5.This pair of glasses are mine.6.The first class begin at eight every morning.makesareareareisbegins谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语一致。谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语一致。语法一致语法一致意义一致意义一致就近一致就近

2、一致主谓一致主谓一致单数名词单数名词单数代词单数代词动词不定式短语动词不定式短语 动名词短语动名词短语从句从句主语为复数主语为复数 一、语法一致原则一、语法一致原则1、当主语是：、当主语是：谓语动词用复数谓语动词用复数 谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数vHis father _ working on the farm.vTo study English well _ not easy.vWhat he said _ very important for us all.vThe children _ in the classroom two hours ago.vReading in the sun

3、 _ bad for your eyes.isisisiswere2.由连接词由连接词and或或both and连接起来的连接起来的合成主语后面合成主语后面,要用要用复数形式复数形式的谓语动词。的谓语动词。Lucy and Lily _ twins.Both she and he _ Young Pioneers.arearev注注:v 若若and所连接的两个词是指所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物同一个人或物时时,它后面的谓语动词就应用它后面的谓语动词就应用单数单数形式。形式。vThe writer and artist _ come already.v常见的由常见的由and连接表示同一概念的短

4、语还有：连接表示同一概念的短语还有：va horse and cart 马车马车 va knife and fork刀叉刀叉vbread and butter 涂有黄油的面包涂有黄油的面包has 3、主语为、主语为单数名词单数名词或或代词代词,尽管后面跟有尽管后面跟有with,together with,except,but,like,as well as,rather than,more than,besides,including等等引起的短语引起的短语,谓语动词仍用谓语动词仍用单数单数形式形式;若若主语为主语为复数复数,谓语用谓语用复数复数形式。形式。1.The teacher with

5、 two students _ at the meeting.(was/were)2.E-mail,as well as the telephones,_(play)an important part in daily communication.wasplays4、either,neither,each,every 或或no+单数名单数名词词和由和由some,any,no,every构成的构成的复合不定代复合不定代词词,都作都作单数单数看待。看待。Each of us _(have)a new book.Everything around us _(be)ok.hasis注注1：由：由eac

6、h,every,no,many a所修饰的名词，所修饰的名词，即使用即使用 and连接作主语，谓语动词一般用连接作主语，谓语动词一般用单数单数。1.Each man and woman _(have)the same rights.2.Every boy and every girl _(have)been invited to the tea-party.hashas注意注意2:在口语中当在口语中当neither后跟有后跟有“of+复数名复数名词词(或代词或代词)”作主语时作主语时,其谓语动词也可用其谓语动词也可用复数复数。Neither of the texts _(be)interest

7、ing.若若none of后面的名词是后面的名词是不可数名词不可数名词,它的谓语它的谓语动词就要用动词就要用单数单数;若它后面的名词是复数若它后面的名词是复数,它的它的谓语动词用谓语动词用单数或复数单数或复数都可以。都可以。None of us _(have)been to America.is/arehas6、如果集体名词指的是、如果集体名词指的是整个集体整个集体,它的谓语动词它的谓语动词用用单单数数;如果它指集体的如果它指集体的成员成员,其谓语动词就用其谓语动词就用复复数数形式。这些词有形式。这些词有family,class,crowd,committee,population,audie

8、nce等。等。Class one _ on the third floor.Class one _unable to answer the question.注意注意:people,police,cattle等名词一般都用作复等名词一般都用作复数。数。The police _ looking for the lost child.isareare7、由、由“a lot of,lots of,plenty of,the rest of+名词名词”构成的构成的短语短语以及由以及由“分数或百分数分数或百分数+名词名词”构成的短语作主语构成的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数要根据短其谓语动词的数要根据短语中

9、后面语中后面名词的数名词的数而定。而定。1.There _(be)a lot of money in the bag.2.The rest of the questions _(be)hard.3.50%of the students _(like)sports.4.Three-fifth of the work _(have)been foinished.areislikehasv注意注意:va number of许多许多,作定语修饰复数名词作定语修饰复数名词,谓谓语用语用复复数数;vthe number of的数量的数量,主语是主语是number,谓谓语用语用单单数。数。1、what,wh

10、o,which,any,more,all等代词可等代词可以是以是单数单数,也可是也可是复数复数,主要靠意思来决定。主要靠意思来决定。Which _ your bag?Which _ your bags?All _ going well.(二二)意义一致原则意义一致原则:isareis2.表示表示“时间、重量、长度、价值、金钱时间、重量、长度、价值、金钱等的等的名词的复数作主语时名词的复数作主语时,谓语动词通常用谓语动词通常用单数单数形式形式,这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体。这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体。1.Thirty minutes_(be)enough for the w

11、ork.2.Two hours _ spent in repair the bike.3.5 thousand dollars _ used to bulid the house.isisis3、若主语是、若主语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名、组织、国名、组织等的复数形式等的复数形式,其谓语动词通常用其谓语动词通常用单数单数形式。形式。1.The Arabian Nights _(be)an interesting story-book.2.The United of Nations _(be)an international organization.isi

12、s4、表数量的短语、表数量的短语 one and a half 后接复数名后接复数名词作主语时词作主语时,其谓语动词一般用单数形式也可用其谓语动词一般用单数形式也可用复数。复数。1.One and a half apples _ left on the table.2.One apple and a half _ left on the table.isare5、算式中的主谓一致、算式中的主谓一致两数相加、相乘此时谓语动词既可用单数形式两数相加、相乘此时谓语动词既可用单数形式，也可用复数形式，也可用复数形式。1.Twelve plus/and eight _ twenty.2.Five tim

13、es six _ thirty.两数相减、相除。此时谓语动词用单数两数相减、相除。此时谓语动词用单数3.Fifteen minus five _ ten.4.Fifteen divided by five _ three.is/areis/areisis6、trousers,glasses,clothes,shoes,等词作主等词作主语时语时,谓语用谓语用复数复数,但如果这些名词前有但如果这些名词前有a(the)pair of等等量量词修饰时词修饰时,谓语动词用谓语动词用单单数。数。1.My glasses _ broken.2.The pair of shoes under the bed

14、_ his.3.Glass _ a useful meterial.isisare7、定冠词、定冠词the+“形容词形容词”或或“姓氏复数姓氏复数”,表示某表示某一类一类人一家人时人一家人时,动词用动词用复复数。数。1.The young _ supposed to help the old.2.The Greens _(have)dinner together.3.The deaf _(be)able to hear.areare havingarent(三三)就近一致原则就近一致原则1、当两个主语由、当两个主语由either or,neither nor,whether or,not on

15、ly but also连接时连接时,谓谓语动词和语动词和邻近的主语邻近的主语一致。一致。Not only the teacher but also the students _ our friends.Neither they nor he _wholly right.areis2、there be句型句型be动词单复数取决于动词单复数取决于其后的其后的主语主语。如果其后是由。如果其后是由and连接的连接的两个主语两个主语,则应则应与与靠近的靠近的那个主语保持一致。那个主语保持一致。There _ two chairs and a desk in the room.There _ a desk

16、 and two chairs in the room.areis1.Tom and I _(be)going to see a film this evening.2.The doctor and writer _(have)been here for two years.3.There _(be)a pen and three books on the desk.4.My family all _(like)to watch TV.5.He or she _(have)gone there.arehasislikehas6.The news _(be)very interesting.7.

17、Three days _(be)not enough for us.8.Neither of us _(enjoy)climbing the tree.9.Every door and every window _(be)to be cleaned.10.Toms new trousers _(be)blue.isisenjoysisare1、Each panda _lots of bamboo every day(四川四川)Aneeds eat Bneed eating Cneed to eat Dneeds to eat2、The important sports festival,the

18、 Olympic Games,_ held every _ years(广西广西)Ais;five Bare;three Cis;four Dare;twoDC3、In my hometown，the old over 100 _ not only by their families but also by the government(江西江西-上尧上尧)Ais taken good care Bare taken good careCis taken good care of Dare taken good care ofD4、Look!Wang Tao and Ma Lin _ TV i

19、n the room now(临夏回族自治州临夏回族自治州)A.are seeing B.are watching C.is seeing D.is watching5、_ there a politics class and two math classes on Friday?YesBut I think politics _ difficultI dont like it at all。A.Is,is B.Are,is C.Is,are D.Are,areBA6、To lose themselves in the netbar（网吧）（网吧）_ on teenagers future l

20、ife(贵州贵州)A.have a bad effect B.has a bad effectC.have a good effect D.has a good effect7、He has _ for two years.Two years _ a long time.(山西山西)A.left home;are B.left home;is C.been away from home;is D.been away from home;areBC8、Mr.Smith,together with his two sons,_ Shanghai for about five months.(南京南京)A.has left B.has been away from C.have left D.have been away from9、Not only the students but also the teacher _ enjoying the film at 9 pm yesterday.(海南海南)A.has been B.was C.are D.isBB10、His family_ a large one，and now the whole family_ having dinner.(湖南湖南)A.is,is B.is,are C.are,are D.are,isB