2022年中考英语复习定语从句（引导词、关系代词专训）ppt课件.pptx

1、（专享）The Attributive Clause 授课人：Nathan九年级备课组（专享）关系词关系词先行词所指先行词所指 关系词在关系词在从句从句中作用中作用关系关系代词代词that人人/物物主主语语、宾、宾语语、表语表语which物物主主语语、宾、宾语语,表语表语who人人主主语语、宾、宾语语whom人人宾宾语语whose人人/物物定定语语(whose+n.)as主语.宾语The use of the relative pronoun(关系代词)口诀:定语从句三步：第一找出先行词第二看先行词在定语从句中的 语法功能（做主语、宾语或状 语）第三选择合适的关系词（专享）1.This is

2、all _ I know about the matter.A.that B.What C.who D.whether2.Is there anything else _ you want?A.which B.that C.who D.what3.The last place _we visited was the Great Wall.A.which B.that C.where D.itChoose the best answers:（专享）4.Please take the second chair _ is over there.A.where B.which C.who D.that

3、 5.Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn?A.that B./C.which D.it 6.Finally,the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police（NMET98)A.which B.what C.whatever D.that （专享）7.The weather turned out to be very good,_ was more than we expected.A.what B.which C.that D.it（专享）关系副词的用法关系副词关系副词指代指代在从句

4、中的作用在从句中的作用when(=at/in/on/during which)where(=in/at/on/under which)why(=for which)时间时间状语地点地点状语原因原因状语（专享）（一）关系副词（一）关系副词where引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。where引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示地点的引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示地点的名词。名词。例：例：China is the only country where wild pandas can be found.This is the house where I lived two years ago.（专享）知

5、识拓展：知识拓展：1.关系副词关系副词where引导的定语从句可以转换为引导的定语从句可以转换为“介词介词(in/on/at/under等等)+which”引导的定语从引导的定语从句。句。Eg:The hotel where we stayed wasn t clean.The hotel in which we stayed wasnt clean.=The hotel which/that we stayed in wasnt clean.（专享）The house where LuXun once lived is being repaired now.=The house in whi

6、ch LuXun once lived is being repaired now.（专享）2.若定语从句的先行词是若定语从句的先行词是地点地点，但定语，但定语从句缺主从句缺主语或宾语语或宾语，用，用which或或that引导定语从句，而不引导定语从句，而不用用where来引导。来引导。The library that/which you visited yesterday was built in 1990.（专享）3.如果定语从句分别修饰如果定语从句分别修饰point,situation,stage,condition和和case,position 等表示抽象意等表示抽象意义的词，常用义的

7、词，常用where/prep+which引导，意引导，意思是思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。例：Ive come to the point where I cant stand him.（专享）【典型例题典型例题】1.Its helpful to put children in a situation _ they can see themselves differently.A.that B.when C.which D.where （专享）2.Life is like a long race _we compete with others to go beyo

8、nd ourselves.A.why B.what C.that D.where（专享）3.I have reached a point in my life I am supposed to make decisions of my own.A.which B.where C.how D.why （专享）4.They will fly to Washington,_ they plan to stay for two or three days.A.where B.there C.which D.when （专享）when引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示时间引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示时

9、间的名词。的名词。例：例：The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.（二）关系副词when引导的定语从句（专享）先行词是time时 若若time 是作是作“次数次数”讲时，应用关系代词讲时，应用关系代词that引导引导的定语从句，的定语从句，that可以省略。可以省略。This is the second time(that)the president has visited the country.I could hardly remember how many times(

10、that)Ive failed.若若time 作作”一段时间，时代一段时间，时代”讲时，应用关系副词讲时，应用关系副词when 或介词或介词at/during+which 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 This was at a time when/duing which there was no radios,no telephones or no TVs.（专享）1.This is the second time_ I have been here.2.Can you still remember the time _we spent together in our childhood.3

11、.The first time _he saw her,he fell in love with her.(1.that/不填 2.that/which 3.that/不填)（专享）4)We are living in a age _ many things are done on the Internet.A.Which B.That C.Whose D.when（专享）知识拓展：知识拓展：1.关系副词关系副词when引导的定语从句也可以转换为引导的定语从句也可以转换为“介词介词(in/at/on/during)+which”引导的定语从引导的定语从句。句。I still remember

12、the time when(during which)I lived in the countryside.（专享）2.若定语从句的若定语从句的先行词是时间，先行词是时间，但定语但定语从句缺从句缺主语或宾语主语或宾语，则用，则用which或或that引导定语从句。引导定语从句。I ll never forget the time that/which I spent on campus.I ll never forget the time that/which was spent with you.（专享）1.Because of the financial crisis,days are g

13、one _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.A.ifB.when C.which D.since（专享）2.We went through a period _ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.A.which B.whose C.in which D.with which （专享）3.Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.A.Who B.Whi

14、ch C.Why D.When （专享）（三）关系副词（三）关系副词why 引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。why引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示原因的名引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示原因的名词，如：词，如：excuse;explanation;reason等。等。例：例：The reason why he didn t come to the party is that he didn t want to see Jane.（专享）We can t accept the excuse why you were absent.This is the explanation why they

15、put off the meeting.（专享）知识拓展：知识拓展：1.关系副词关系副词why引导的定语从句可以转换为引导的定语从句可以转换为“for+which”引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。This is the reason why(=for which)I didnt come here.（专享）2.若定语从句的先行词是若定语从句的先行词是reason，但定语，但定语从句从句缺主语或宾语缺主语或宾语，则用，则用which或或that引导定语从句。引导定语从句。The reason that/which she gave me was not true.（专享）即学即用 1)The r

16、eason _he didnt come was that he was ill.2)The reason he explained is not true.why that/which （专享）3)The reason _ he was absent was _ he had a bad cold.A.When,because B.When,why C.Why because D.Why that（专享）(四)Way 后接定语从句的情况 way 后面的定语从句的引导词有后面的定语从句的引导词有which/in which/that/不填不填，如：，如：I recognized hes fro

17、m Australia from the way _ he speaks.in which(that/不填)（专享）填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.The way _he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.2.The way _he explained to us was quite simple.that/which/不填that/in which/不填缺状语缺宾语缺少主语或宾语:引导词用that/which/不填(缺宾语时)主语宾语都不缺:引导词用that/in which/不填（专享）1.I dont

18、 like the way _you laugh at her.In which/that/不填（专享）（四）判断关系代词与关系副词（四）判断关系代词与关系副词 （专享）1.This is the mountain village _ _ I visited last year.2.This is the mountain village _ I stayed last year.3.This is the mountain village _ _ I stayed in last year.that/whichwherethat/which/不填（专享）介词可后移，此时关系代词可以省略 Th

19、is is the book for which you asked.=This is the book which/that/不填 you asked for.但是有些固定动词短语不能拆开，介词不能提前，只能能够放在动词的后面 Eg.This is Xu Jingleis latest movie(which/that)she is looking for.（专享）1.Is this museum _ you visited a few days ago?A.where B.that C.on which D.the one 2.Is this the museum _ the exhibi

20、tion was held?A.where B.that C.on which D.the one（专享）归纳：归纳：关系词的选择依据先行词在从句中所作的成分，关系词的选择依据先行词在从句中所作的成分，先行词在从句中作先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语主、定、宾语时，选择关时，选择关系代词系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose)；先行；先行词在从句中作词在从句中作状语状语时，应选择关系副词时，应选择关系副词(where 地点状语，地点状语，when 时间状语，时间状语，why 原因状原因状语语)。（专享）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句介词后的关系代词只能是介词后的关系代词只能是

21、which（指物指物）whom（指人指人）（专享）介词选择的三原则：一 介词根据从句谓语动词的搭配习惯而确定 on which I spent 5 yuan.for which I paid 5 yuan.This is the book from which I learnt a lot.about which Tom often talks（专享）二.介词根据先行词的搭配习惯而 确定 I remember the day on which I joined the Party.the days during which I lived here.the month in which I s

22、tayed there.（专享）三.介词根据从句所表达的意义而 确定 My computer,without which I cant play computer games,crashed yesterday.Learning a countrys culture is like opening a window,through which you can know about that country better.（专享）四.当表示所有关系或是整体中的一部分时，常用 of which/whom 引导定语从句 The old man has two sons,both of whom ar

23、e doctors.This is the house,the windows of which(whose window)are very beautiful.（专享）五.介词短语+关系代词 常见短语：at the foot of;at the bake of;in front of;on the top of Eg:They stayed in a big hotel,in front of which was a garden.（专享）六.名词（代词/数词）+of+关系 代词 该结构一般引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中一般做主语 Eg;The building had been repai

24、red,the roof of which was destroyed again in the big fire.（专享）七.介词+whose 在定语从句中做在定语从句中做定语定语，修饰其后的名词，修饰其后的名词Eg:She is the very person in whose pocket I found my lost watch.（专享）1.Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued for a long time.A.Of which B.With with C.About which D.Into which（专享）2.The

25、 house I grew up _ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.A.In it B.In C.In that D.In which（专享）3.Tom received training in a computer for one year,_ he found a job in a big company.A.After that B.After which C.After it D.After this（专享）4.We saw several natives advancing towards our par

26、ty,and one of them came up to us,_ we gave some bells and glasses.A.to which B.to whom C.with whom D.With that（专享）5.He paid the boy$10 for washing ten Windows,most of _ hadnt been cleaned for ten years.A.these B.those C.that D.which （专享）定语从句与其他从句的比较定语从句与其他从句的比较 1.非限制性定语从句和单句非限制性定语从句和单句/并列句的比较并列句的比较

27、He has two sons.Both of_ are teachers.（句）句）He has two sons,and both of _are teachers.（句）句）He has two sons;both of _are teachers.（句）句）He has two sons,both of _are teachers.（句）句）A.them B.whomA简单AA并列并列B定语从（专享）分析：注意标点符号和是否有连词是区分定语分析：注意标点符号和是否有连词是区分定语从句、简单句和并列句的一个关键。从句、简单句和并列句的一个关键。（专享）3.定语从句和状语从句定语从句和状语

28、从句(1)This is such a big stone _no one can lift it.（从句）从句）This is such a big stone _no one can lift.（从句）从句）状语thatas定语分析：从引导词来看，状语从句中的that 是连词，在从句中不充当任何成分，而定语从句中的as在从句中要作一个成分（主语，宾语或表语）。（专享）(2)Please put the letter in the drawer where he can easily find it.（从句）从句）Please put the letter where he can easi

29、ly find it.（从句）从句）定语状语总结：where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。（专享）4.when引导的定语从句与强调句句型。引导的定语从句与强调句句型。It was October _we met in Beijing for the first time.（句）句）It was in October _ we met in Beijing for the first time.（句）句）whenthat定语从强调总结：强调句句型：It is/was+被强调的部分+that/who+其它部分，去掉It is/wasthat/who,句子照样成立。而定语从句

30、的引导词在句中要作一成分。（专享）解题技巧：解题技巧：1.通读全句。首先判断是什么句型。通读全句。首先判断是什么句型。2.题干句如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句题干句如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。式。3.分析从句的句子结构，在定语从句中，缺什分析从句的句子结构，在定语从句中，缺什么，就补什么：缺主语或宾语，用关系代词；么，就补什么：缺主语或宾语，用关系代词；缺状语，用关系副词缺状语，用关系副词 4.注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列连词注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列连词and,but等。等。（专享）即学即用：即学即用：1)Yesterday my physics teacher set

31、such a difficult exam problem _ none of us worked out.A.that B.as C.so that D.whichB （专享）2)Here are players from Japan,some of _ are our old friends.A.which B.that C.whom D.themC （专享）3)It was eleven oclock _ they went out of the cinema.A.which B.that C.when D.on whichC （专享）1.Ill never forget the day

32、s _ we worked together.2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.3.I went to the place _ I worked ten years ago.when/in whichwhichwhere/in which几种易混的情况及物动词（专享）4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago.5.This is the reason _ he was late.6.This is the reason _ he gave.whichwhy/for whichtha

33、t/which及物动词及物动词（专享）1.Last week,0nly two people came to look at the house，_ wanted to buy them.A.None of them B.Both of them C.None of whom D.Neither of whom（专享）The man pulled out a golden watch,-_were made of small diamonds.A.The hands of whom B.Whom the hands of C.Which the hands of D.The hands of

34、which（专享）The newly built cafe,the walls of _are painted light green,is really a peaceful place for us,especially after hard work.A.That B.It C.what D.which（专享）Thats the new machian_parts are too small to be seen.A.That B.Which C.Whose D.what（专享）You will find taxis waiting at the bus station _you can

35、 hire to reach your host family.A.Which B.Where C.when D.as（专享）Julie was good at German,French,and Russian,all of _she spoke fluently.A.Who B.Whom C.Which D.that（专享）(2011四川高考四川高考)That evening,_ I will tell you more about later,I ended up working very late.Awhich Bthat Cwhen Dwhat（专享）(2011陕西高考陕西高考)I

36、walked up to the top of the hill with my friends,_ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.Awhich Bwhere Cwho Dthat （专享）(2012合肥质量调研合肥质量调研)I remember early spring mornings _ my grandmother would tell me to sit quietly and then read me books.Awhen Bwhy Cwhere Dwhich（专享）(2012杭州第二次质量检测杭州第二次质量检测)Nowadays young people just cant live without the Internet,_ they depend on for whatever information they need.Awhen Bwhich Cwhere Dthat（专享）I dont like _ you speak to her.A.the way B.the way in that C.the way which D.the way of which