2023年中考英语常见易混淆词义辨析 (二) ppt课件.pptx
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1、1常见易混淆词义辨析常见易混淆词义辨析(二二)225.all,none,both,neither,either25.all,none,both,neither,either 两者:两者:both(两者两者)都都 both of.或或both.and.作作主语主语,谓语动词均用复数;谓语动词均用复数;neither(两者两者)都不都不 neither of.作作主语主语,谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数;neither.nor.作主语,作主语,谓语动词遵循谓语动词遵循“就近原则就近原则”;either(两者中两者中)任一任一 either of.作主语,作主语,谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数 eith
2、er.or.作主语,作主语,谓语动词遵循谓语动词遵循“就近原则就近原则”;三者:三者:allall(三者及以上三者及以上)都都 all of.all of.作作主语主语,谓语动词均用复数;谓语动词均用复数;none(三者及以上三者及以上)都不都不 none of.none of.作作主语主语,谓语动词用单谓语动词用单/复数;复数;3either:either:两者中的任一个两者中的任一个 Shall I come on Tuesday or Wednesday?Shall I come on Tuesday or Wednesday?EitherEither day is OK.day is
3、OK.也也(用于否定句末,代替肯定句中的用于否定句末,代替肯定句中的too,as well,also)too,as well,also)He is not a worker,I am not He is not a worker,I am not eithereither.either.or.either.or.要么要么要么要么,或者,或者或者或者EitherEither you or I am right.you or I am right.连接主语动词用连接主语动词用“就近原就近原则则”。4neither neither 两者都不两者都不NeitherNeither of them kno
4、ws me.of them knows me.他俩谁也不认识我。他俩谁也不认识我。neither.nor.neither.nor.既不既不也不也不He has He has neitherneither money money nornor time.time.它既没有钱,也它既没有钱,也没有时间。没有时间。5all all 全、都(三者以上)全、都(三者以上),既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词。,既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词。AllAll the books are useful to us.the books are useful to us.AllAll knowledge co
5、mes from practice.knowledge comes from practice.allall与否定词与否定词notnot连用为连用为“部分否定部分否定”,表示,表示“不是所有的不是所有的都都”I dont know I dont know allall of them.of them.他们当中我并不都认识。他们当中我并不都认识。AllAll dont agree with you.=Not dont agree with you.=Not allall agree with you.agree with you.并非所有人都并非所有人都同意你。同意你。6both both 两者
6、都两者都You can take You can take bothboth of them.of them.两个你都可以拿去。两个你都可以拿去。与否定词连用表示与否定词连用表示“部分否定部分否定”I doI dontnt know know bothboth of them.of them.他俩我并非都认识。他俩我并非都认识。both.and.both.and.双方都双方都He can He can bothboth sing sing andand dance.dance.他能歌善舞。他能歌善舞。7nonenone一个也没有(三者以上全部否定)一个也没有(三者以上全部否定)NoneNone
7、 of them has a bike.of them has a bike.他们谁也没有自行车。他们谁也没有自行车。nonenone作主语谓语动词单复数均可作主语谓语动词单复数均可代替上文中出现过的名词代替上文中出现过的名词,表示,表示“什么也没有什么也没有”,此时不,此时不能用能用nothingnothing。-How many apples are there in the fridge?-How many apples are there in the fridge?-NoneNone.826.aloud,loud,loudly26.aloud,loud,loudlyaloudalou
8、d,adv.adv.大声地大声地 (强调发出的声音能被听见)(强调发出的声音能被听见)loudloud,adj.adj.大声的大声的/adv./adv.大声地大声地(侧重发出的声音音量大,传得远)(侧重发出的声音音量大,传得远)loudlyloudly,adv.adv.响亮地响亮地 (放在动词前后均可,含有(放在动词前后均可,含有“嘈杂嘈杂”的意思)的意思)9aloud 只能作副词,意思为只能作副词,意思为“出声地出声地”或或“大声地大声地”,相对于默相对于默读而言,强调出声读而言,强调出声aloud作作“出声地出声地”含义时,主要与含义时,主要与read,think等连用,等连用,表示声音可
9、表示声音可以被听到以被听到。作作“大声地大声地”含义时,主要与含义时,主要与shout,call,cry等词连用。等词连用。aloud没有没有比较级和最高级比较级和最高级He read her letter He read her letter aloudaloud to the rest of the family.to the rest of the family.他把他把她的信大声读给家人听。她的信大声读给家人听。10loud作副词时:意为作副词时:意为“响亮地响亮地”、“大声地大声地”或或“高声地高声地”,强调声音响亮,传播距离较远,侧重于人的感觉,声音没有让人强调声音响亮,传播距离较
10、远,侧重于人的感觉,声音没有让人反感反感;只能放在所修饰动词之后只能放在所修饰动词之后。一般多用来修饰。一般多用来修饰 speak speak,talk talk,laugh laugh 等动词,主要指说话声、笑声和爆炸声等等。等动词,主要指说话声、笑声和爆炸声等等。常常用比较级形式。用比较级形式。Could you speak a little Could you speak a little louderlouder,please?,please?请你说话大声一点,好吗?请你说话大声一点,好吗?If we are sad,we should tell others or cry If we
11、 are sad,we should tell others or cry loudloud.如果我们难过,我们应该和别人倾诉或大声哭出来。如果我们难过,我们应该和别人倾诉或大声哭出来。11loudly指作副词,意为指作副词,意为“响亮地、大声地响亮地、大声地”,指声音肯定是指声音肯定是“嘈嘈杂喧闹杂喧闹”了了。既可与发音器官连用,还可以与。既可与发音器官连用,还可以与 ring ring,knock knock 等等动词连用。动词连用。loudly loudly 放在动词前后均可放在动词前后均可。loudlyloudly没有比较级和最高没有比较级和最高级级Someone knocked So
12、meone knocked loudlyloudly at the door.at the door.有人大声敲门。有人大声敲门。She spoke very She spoke very loudlyloudly.她说话的声音很大。她说话的声音很大。Dont talk so Dont talk so loudlyloudly.别这么高声说话。别这么高声说话。1227.answer,reply27.answer,replyansweranswer,n.n.侧重问题的答案侧重问题的答案 answer(ones)questions answer(ones)questions回答(某人的)问题回答(
13、某人的)问题 v.v.后面后面+宾语宾语reply,reply,n.n.侧重口头或书面的回应侧重口头或书面的回应 v.+prep.+v.+prep.+宾语宾语 reply to do sth.reply to do sth.1328.another,the other,others,the others28.another,the other,others,the othersanother another 33the other the other 22others others some+others some+others 全部the others the others some+oth
14、ers=some+others=全部14anotheranother泛指泛指(指三者或三者以上中的)另一个(指三者或三者以上中的)另一个,既可作代词又可作形容词既可作代词又可作形容词.做做代词时代词时:I have finished this book,please give me I have finished this book,please give me anotheranother.做做形容词形容词时时:I will be back in I will be back in anotheranother ten days ten days。15otherother其他的其他的,另外的
15、另外的,泛指泛指另一个另一个,另一些另一些.作作定语定语时时,常常与可数名词复数与可数名词复数连用连用,But But otherother creditors have refused the terms creditors have refused the terms。但如果但如果前面有前面有the,some,any,each,everythe,some,any,each,every及形容词性物主代词时及形容词性物主代词时,可可与可数名词单数连用与可数名词单数连用,如如:every other dayevery other day16othersothers泛指别的泛指别的,其他人是其他人
16、是otherother的复数形式的复数形式.相当于相当于other+other+可数可数n.n.复数复数 如:如:she has more concern for she has more concern for othersothers than for than for herself.herself.17the otherthe other可作代词也可作形容词可作代词也可作形容词,表表(两者中的)另一个(两者中的)另一个,常用于常用于one.the other.one.the other.的句型中的句型中,she has two children,one is a boy,she has
17、 two children,one is a boy,the otherthe other is a girl.is a girl.18the othersthe others是是the other the other 的复数形式的复数形式,特指某一范围特指某一范围内内“全部或其余的人或物全部或其余的人或物”,只作代词用只作代词用相当于相当于the other+the other+可数可数n.n.复数复数Four of them are in the classroom,what about Four of them are in the classroom,what about the ot
18、hersthe others.1929.beat,win29.beat,winbeatbeat“打败打败”+”+对手(人或团队)对手(人或团队)winwin“获胜,赢得获胜,赢得”+”+比赛比赛/奖品奖品/战争战争/荣誉等荣誉等 Our basketball team Our basketball team beatbeat the team from No.1 the team from No.1 Middle School and Middle School and wonwon the first prise.the first prise.2030.between,among30.be
19、tween,amongbetween between 指两者之间或每两者之间指两者之间或每两者之间among among 指三者或三者以上之间指三者或三者以上之间 AmongAmong the many differences the many differences betweenbetween Western and Western and Chinese culture,table manners are one of the most Chinese culture,table manners are one of the most noticeable noticeable diff
20、erences.differences.在中西文化的诸多差异之中,餐桌礼仪是最为显著的在中西文化的诸多差异之中,餐桌礼仪是最为显著的差异之一。差异之一。2131.bring,take,carry,get31.bring,take,carry,getbring bring 带来带来 (把某物(把某物/人从别处带到说话处)人从别处带到说话处)bring sb.sth.bring sb.sth.把某物带给某人把某物带给某人 bring.to.bring.to.把把.带到带到.take take 带走带走 (把某物(把某物/人从说话处带到别处)人从说话处带到别处)carry carry 搬运,拿,提搬
21、运,拿,提 (不强调方向)(不强调方向)get get 去取去取 (去别处把某物(去别处把某物/人带来,强调动作的往返)人带来,强调动作的往返)2232.32.cost,take,spend,paycost,take,spend,pay人作主语人作主语(spend/payspend/pay)spendspendsb.spend some time/moneysb.spend some time/money (in)doing sth.(in)doing sth.on sth.on sth.paypaysb.pay some money for sth.sb.pay some money for
22、 sth.物作主语物作主语(cost/takecost/take)costcoststh.cost sb.some moneysth.cost sb.some moneytaketakeIt takes sb.some time to do sth.It takes sb.some time to do sth.23 Last month I was so excited because my Last month I was so excited because my parents agreed to parents agreed to paypay for my trip to for
23、my trip to Beijing.It Beijing.It tooktook me over 7 hours to get there me over 7 hours to get there by train.I bought lots of nice postcards for by train.I bought lots of nice postcards for my friends.And they didnt my friends.And they didnt costcost me too much me too much money.In the future,I hop
24、e I can money.In the future,I hope I can spendspend more more time travelling with my parents.time travelling with my parents.2433.deal with,do with 33.deal with,do with 应对,处理应对,处理deal withdeal with强调处理的方式、方法,常与强调处理的方式、方法,常与howhow连用连用do withdo with强调处理的对象,常与强调处理的对象,常与whatwhat连用连用2534.discover,creat,
25、invent34.discover,creat,inventdiscoverdiscover(用于生活领域)(用于生活领域)指发现了原本存在的东西指发现了原本存在的东西creatcreat(用于文学和艺术领域)(用于文学和艺术领域)指创作出原本不存在的东西指创作出原本不存在的东西inventinvent(用于科学领域)(用于科学领域)指通过科学手段发明出原来没有的东西指通过科学手段发明出原来没有的东西 For example,Shakespeare For example,Shakespeare createdcreated beautiful poems,Columbus beautiful
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