2022年中考英语语法-形容词副词比较级和最高级ppt课件.pptx

1、 形容词副词比较级最高级 形容词副词比较级最高级用法形容词副词的概念总结及习题演练 第一部分 形容词副词概念 01 形容词形容词：是修饰名词（人或事物），表示名词的性质，特征或属性一种词类。She is a pretty girl.定语 She looks cool.表语 Her songs make me happy.宾补 副词副词：用来修饰动词、形容词及其他副词的词叫副词。e.g.1.She works hard.2.I am very busy.3.He runs too quickly.4.Much to our surprise,all the students passed the

2、 exam.5.Luckily,he won the game.形容词变副词形容词变副词quick quicklypolite politelywide widelyhappy happilyangry angrily 注意：有些以ly 结尾的词是形容词friendly lovely daily ugly lonely lively一般情况，直接加ly辅y结尾，变y ily1.The girl in red is _.A worse B bad C badly D pretty 2.This sweater looks _and sells_.A well,well B good,nice C

3、 nice,good D nice,well 3.The smile on my fathers face showed that he was _with me.A sad B pleased C angry D sorry4.The box is_heavy for the girl to carry.A.too B.to C.so D.no 练一练1.The girl in red is _.A worse B bad C badly D pretty 2.This sweater looks _and sells_.A well,well B good,nice C nice,good

4、 D nice,well 3.The smile on my fathers face showed that he was _with me.A sad B pleased C angry D sorry4.The box is_heavy for the girl to carry.A.too B.to C.so D.no 练一练答案 第二部分 形容词副词比较级最高级用法 02 原级形容词、副词的级形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级原级：即形容词和副词的原形。small,good,pretty,big,many hard,happily,slowly,quickly 比较级比较级

5、：两个人或物之间的比较。标志词：than(比）His hair is shorter than mine.He has short hair than I have.运用形容词、副词比较级应当注意的问题：(一)、只有同类的事物才能比较 Her bag is bigger than mine.Her bag is bigger than I.The weather of Kunming is much better than that of Shenyang.The weather of Kunming is much better than Shenyang.(二)、按语法规则，than后面的

6、人称代词应当用主格，但口语当中有时会用宾格代替主格。He is more careful than I(me).最高级最高级：三个或三个以上的人或物之间 的比较。标志词：in+大范围,of all,of+the+具体的数字 最高级前一定要加“the”Peter runs fastest in his class.（adv.最高级前the可以省略）Jack is the tallest of all.注意：当最高级前有物主代词修饰时，其前不加定冠词the.Its our largest machine in our factory.判断下列句子中形容词副词的级。1.That is the eas

7、iest of all.2.John is shorter than Tom.3.Peter runs fastest in his class.4.I like Mary,because she is very polite.练一练判断下列句子中形容词副词的级。1.That is the easiest of all.（最高级）2.John is shorter than Tom.（比较级）3.Peter runs fastest in his class.（最高级）4.I like Mary,because she is very polite.（原级）练一练答案 规则变化单音节和少数多音

8、节的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成分规则和不规则。规则变化如下：Jack is taller than Peter.Bruce is the tallest of the three boys.一般直接加-er,-este.g.short-_-_ small-_-_ long-_-_一般以不发音的e结尾时加-r,-st late-later-latest nice-nicer-nicest 以辅音字母+y 结尾时把y变i,再加-er -est easy-easier-easiest happy-happier-happiest以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写最后一个辅音字母，

9、再加-er,-este.g.big-bigger-biggest red-redder-reddest5.多音节词和部分双音节词，在词前加more/mosteg:beautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful carefulmore carefulmost careful特别提醒：以形容词前缀un构成的三音节形容词不适合上述情况如:unhappy-unhappier-unhappiest untidy-untidier untidiest 形容词比较级前面加more的情况：1.多音节词 more popular2.以ful 和 less 结尾的形容词，more ca

10、reful/more careless3.分词式形容词 more tired/more boring 4.某些以ly 结尾的形容词前可加more，也可改y为i,再加er friendlymore friendlier/friendlier 练一练练一练用括号所给词正确形式填空1.Of the two girls,I find Lucy the _(clever).2.Gold is _(little)useful than iron.3.My sister is two years _(old)than I.4.Johns parents have four daughters,and she

11、 is the_(young)child.5.The _(cheap)bags are the not usually the best ones.6.I come _(late)than you.练一练答案练一练答案用括号所给词正确形式填空1.Of the two girls,I find Lucy the cleverer(clever).2.Gold is less(little)useful than iron.3.My sister is two years older(old)than I.4.Johns parents have four daughters,and she is

12、 the youngest(young)child.5.The cheapest(cheap)bags are the not usually the best ones.6.I come later(late)than you.不规则变化不规则变化：good/well better-best much/many more-most bad/badly/ill worse worst little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest两个好，两个坏，两个多；一个小又少，还有一

13、远和一老。farther 用于实际距离，further 用于除实际距离外的抽象意义的各种“进一步”、“更深入”further discussion/explanation His home is farther to our school than mine.Please give us further explanation.elder 表示“前辈的”、“年纪较长的”只做定语older 指年龄大小My younger son is five and my elder son is nine。My elder brother joined the army when he was only f

14、ifteen.My elder sister is two years older than I am.练一练1.He jumps_of the three.A.far B.further C.farthest D.furthest 2.There is _paper here.Please bring some.A.little B.less C.fewer D.a little 3.Tom speaks Chinese_better than Jimmy.A.more B.very C.a lot of D.much 练一练4.There are _girls in Class Two t

15、han in Class One.A.more B.nicest C.most D.best 5.Who has_apples now,Jim,Lily or Lucy?A.much B.biggest C.better D.the most 练一练答案1.He jumps_of the three.A.far B.further C.farthest D.furthest 2.There is _paper here.Please bring some.A.little B.less C.fewer D.a little 3.Tom speaks Chinese_better than Ji

16、mmy.A.more B.very C.a lot of D.much 练一练答案4.There are _girls in Class Two than in Class One.A.more B.nicest C.most D.best 5.Who has_apples now,Jim,Lily or Lucy?A.much B.biggest C.better D.the most 当两个人或事物（A和B）进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的原级或者比较级1.表达“A=B”，用asas的结构。I am as tall as you.He runs as fast as I.2表达“A

17、 B”用not asas的结构。I am not as/so tall as you.He doesnt run as/so fast as I.He thinks Chinese is not as interesting as English.He thinks Chinese is less interesting than English.否定句结构中，部分双音节和单音节词 A B”用“比较级+than”的结构。I am taller than you.I am more outgoing than my sister.She runs faster than I.4“比较级+and+

18、比较级”表示“越来越”It is getting warmer and warmerHe is running faster and fasterOur country is becoming more and more beautiful5“the+比较级+主谓，the+比较级+主谓”表示“越，就越”The more,the better.The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.越努力，越幸运！6“the+比较级+of the two”表示“两个当中较.的一个”Look at the two boys.My youn

19、ger brother is the more handsome of the two.不可省略7.A是B的几倍 倍数关系 一倍：once 两倍：twice三倍及以上：基数词+timesThis room is three times as big as that one.A是B的一半？他的房间是你的一半大。His room is half as big as yours.A+比较级+than any other+单数名词。Tony is taller than any other student in his class.Tony is taller than the other stude

20、nts in his class.The Changjiang river is longer than any other river in China.any other student 是除一个学生以外 其他任何一个学生the other students 指除一个以外其余所有学生比较级表示最高级的情况（1）I have never heard a better voice than yours.I have never read a more intersting novel.1.I failed to catch the last bus on that cold winter.I

21、couldnt feel _ then.A.more excited B.more terrible C.the most excited D.the most terrible2.What do you think of the movie?Great!I have never seen a _one.A.good B.better C.bad D.worse比较级表示最高级的情况（2）1比较级前面可以加上表示“优劣程度”的词或短语.常见词有much,even,a great deal,far,a little,a bit 等He is much taller than I.I feel m

22、uch/a great deal better today.I jump a little higher than he.Your handwriting is far better than mine.2.比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的词组,表示具体“大多少”，“小多少”，“长多少”，“短多少”等。I am two years older than he.This building is 20 meters higher than that one.数量词+比较级 练一练1.Bob never does his homework _ Mary.He often makes lots o

23、f mistakes.A.so careful as B.as carefully as C.carefully as D.as careful as 2.Now air in our town is _ than it used to be.Some action must be taken to solve it.A.very good B.much better C.rather than D.even worse3.I feel _ better than yesterday.A.more B.very C.the D.far4.China has a larger populatio

24、n than _ in the world.A.all the countries B.every country C.any country D.any other country 练一练答案1.Bob never does his homework _ Mary.He often makes lots of mistakes.A.so careful as B.as carefully as C.carefully as D.as careful as 2.Now air in our town is _ than it used to be.Some action must be tak

25、en to solve it.A.very good B.much better C.rather than D.even worse3.I feel _ better than yesterday.A.more B.very C.the D.far4.China has a larger population than _ in the world.A.all the countries B.every country C.any country D.any other country当三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的最高级1表达“是中最的”,用“the+形容

26、词（副词）的最高级”+in/of 短语。He is the tallest(student)in our class.He jumps the highest of the three boys.This is the best book that I have ever read.2表示“最的中一个”，“one of+the+最高级+复数名词”He is one of the best students in our class.This is one of the most beautiful flowers in the garden.注意：形容词的最高级前面有定冠词the，而副词的最高

27、级前面定冠词the可以省略。但在形容词最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格时，不用定冠词the.This is my businest day.This is Toms happiest day.3.最高级，A,B or C?“哪个最?”Which country is the largest,China,Brazil or Canada?4.the+序数词（second,third)+最高级+表示范围的短语 “是第(二,三)最”The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.练一练1.Which subject is _,phy

28、sics or chemistry?A.interesting B.most interesting C.more interesting2.Which is ,the sun,the moon or the earth?Of course,the moon is.A.smallB.smaller C.the smallest 3.David is taller than _in his class.A.any student B the other students C any students 4.The baby cried _.A.harder and harder B hard an

29、d hard C more and more hard 练一练答案1.Which subject is _,physics or chemistry?A.interesting B.most interesting C.more interesting2.Which is ,the sun,the moon or the earth?Of course,the moon is.A.smallB.smaller C.the smallest 3.David is taller than _in his class.A.any student B the other students C any

30、students 4.The baby cried _.A.harder and harder B hard and hard C more and more hard 第三部分 总结及习题演练 0301形容词、副词原级的用法03比较级句型(7+2)04最高级句型(4)02比较级、最高级的构成 总结总结习题演练1.Nanjing isnt so large _ Shanghai,however,its the second _ city in East China.A.like;largest B.as;largest C.like;large D.as;large 2.The number

31、of tigers is getting _ because their living areas are becoming farmlands.A.small and small B.larger and larger C.smaller and smaller D.large and large 3.Mr Green is one of _ in our school.A.more popular teacher B.many popular teachers C.the most popular teachers D.the popular teachers 聚焦中考4._ you ar

32、e,_ mistakes youll make.A.The more careful,the fewer B.More careful,the less C.The more careless,the less D.More careless,fewer 5.Which city is your favorite?Hangzhou,of course.Its the _place that I want to visit.A.worse B.worst C.better D.best 6.She wants to but_ things with _ money.A.little,few B.more,fewer C.more,less D.a little,a few 7.Wang Ping is _in my class.A honest B.the honestest C.more honest D.the most honest 聚焦中考答案：1-3 BCC 4-7 ADCD