2022年中考英语语法体系-动词分类及形式ppt课件.pptx

1、英语语法体系动词（v.)动词的定义表示动作或状态的词例：玩（play）、做（make）、跑（run）、走（walk）等动词的分类1、实义动词2、系动词3、助动词4、情态动词英语语法体系实义动词（verb)实义动词定义：表示主语的动作或状态的词。例：I study English every day.He likes sports.They sing in the classroom.实义动词根据“是否需要加宾语”，实义动词可分为：1）及物动词 vt.（后面必须加宾语，意思才完整）例：He likes sports.（）例：He likes.（）2）不及物动词 vi.（后面不加宾语，意思已经完整

2、）例：He runs.（）不及物动词不及物动词+介词，后面可加宾语。例：He arrived.He arrived in Shanghai.英语语法体系系动词（linking verb)系动词（linking verb）定义：连系主语和表语的词He is happy.主表系系动词（linking verb）1）“五感”：look、smell、sound、taste、feel例：The dress looks beautiful.The flowers smells good.The music sounds good.The apple tastes delicious.The silk fe

3、els soft.The soup _ a little salty,so there is no need to add more salt.A.looksB.smellsC.soundsD.tastesDad,whats for dinner?It _ nice!Im cooking chicken soup.A.tastesB.smellsC.looksD.feelsPaul,have you tried this chicken?Its a special in Luzhou and has been introduced in the TV program A Bite of Chi

4、na.Yes,it _ hot but delicious.A.eatsB.looksC.tastesD.seesGood morning,Id like to buy a gift for my mother.How about the scarf?It _ beautiful and _ smooth.A.looks,feelsB.sounds,feelsC.feels,seemsD.looks,smellsDBCAThis piece of music _ very beautiful.Its my favorite.A.smellsB.looksC.soundsD.tastesLook

5、,Cindy.The flowers in our classroom come out in one night.Thats fantastic!They are beautiful and colorful.They _ nice.A.smellsB.smellC.soundsD.soundThe dish smells delicious,but it _ a little salty.A.looksB.tastesC.feelsD.soundsThe cover of the book _ comfortable.Its made of silk.A.tastesB.feelsC.lo

6、oksD.soundsThe boy looked _ because he didnt pass his maths exam.A.sadB.sadnessC.saddestD.sadlyCDBBA系动词（linking verb）2）“五变”：become、get、grow、turn、go例：She becomes angry.The boys were getting bored.He is growing old.It turns cold.Im going bald.系动词（linking verb）3）“三保持”：keep、stay、remain例：He keeps silent.

7、She stayed awake all night.Please remain cool.系动词（linking verb）4）“二其他”：be动词（am、is、are、was、were、being、been、be）、seem（似乎，好像）例：Nothing is impossible.She seemed angry.This pair of trousers _ smooth because they are made of Chinese silk.A.feelsB.feelC.is feltD.are feltLook at the dark clouds,and the wind

8、is blowing strongly.It _ that a big storm is coming.A.soundsB.seemsC.feelsD.smeltsWhen the boy heard the words,his face _ red.A.gotB.turnedC.changedIn China,spring returns in March.The weather _ warm and the days are longer.A.getsB.soundsC.smellsOnce a term,there _ a parents meeting in our school.A.

9、isB.areC.wasD.wereABBAA英语语法体系助动词（auxiliary verb)助动词（auxiliary verb）定义：无实义，辅助动词来构成时态、语态、否定、疑问、语气。do/does/did、have/has/had、will/shall、be/been/being等He doesnt like sports.（时态+否定）Did you hear that?（时态+疑问）The letter will be sent to you.（时态+语态）英语语法体系情态动词（modal verb)常用的情态动词can/could,能够，可能 may/might,可能shall

10、/should,应该will/would,将要must,必须，一定had better最好need需要与情态动词有关的短语动词：be able to（与can类似）ought to（与should类似）be going to（与will类似）have to,have got to（与must类似）情态动词I can make it by myself.1）表示“情绪”“态度”“可能性”2）本身有意义，但必须和实义动词连用3）情态动词有“一键还原”的作用，后面必须加动词原形Can you _ very well?A.drawB.drawingC.drawsCan you _ it in Engl

11、ish?A.speakB.speaksC.sayD.saysYou look tired.Youd better _ a rest.Remember health comes first whatever happens.A.stop havingB.stop to haveC.to stop havingD.to stop to haveThe dictionary is Bobs.You can _ him to lend it to you.A.askB.asksC.askingD.to askYou can _ the road when the traffic light is gr

12、een.A.crossB.crossingC.crossedACBAAcan/could1）表许可，“可以”（could比can更加委婉）You can park your car here.Could you show me the way?2）表能力，“能，会”（could是can的过去式）I can speak Chinese.I could drive a car before I left school.3）表推测，“可能”That cant be Maryshes in hospital.(cant 不可能）The girl is really clever.She _ speak

13、 two foreign languages.A.canB.mustntC.cantD.needOn my way to the supermarket,I saw Jimmy hanging out with someone.It _ be him.He has gone to Shanghai.A.cantB.mustntC.mightD.couldThe lights of Toms house arent on.I think he _ be at home now.A.mustntB.needntC.wontD.cantSir,you _ cross the road when th

14、e light is red.You know,building a civilized city is our duty.Sorry,I wont.A.needntB.mustC.cantMr.Smith _ be at home.He has gone to Hong Kong.A.canB.cantC.mustD.mustntAADCBmay/might1）表允许，“可以”（might比may更委婉）May I use your phone?2）表推测，“可能”（might比may可能性低）He might win the game.3）表祝愿May God bless you._ I

15、help you,sir?Yes,Id like to try on those black shoes.A.WillB.ShouldC.MustD.may_ I use your glue?Im making a kite.No problem.Here you ate.A.ShouldB.NeedC.MustD.MayWill plants grow on other planet?That _ be true.Its really difficult to predict the future.A.mustntB.shouldC.needntD.mayIs it important to

16、 protect wild animals,Susan?Yes.If we dont protect them,they _ die out one day.A.needB.cantC.mayDDDCWhose English book is this?It _ be Lilys,but Im not sure.A.mightB.cantC.mustExcuse me,is this the right way to the library?Sorry,I am not sure.But it _ be.A.needB.willC.mustD.mightWhose notebook is th

17、is?It _ be Alans.It looks like his.A.mustB.cantC.mightD.mustntWe _ have a graduation ceremony next week,but Im not sure.A.mustB.needC.mightADCCmust/have to1）must 表“必须”；have to“不得不”I must get home before 9 oclock.I have to be off now.My mum is waiting for me.2）must 表推测，“一定”You must be hungry after al

18、l that walking.mustnt 表“不能，禁止”Cars mustnt park in front of the entrance.You _ be tired after the whole days work.A.mustB.shouldC.canD.wouldMay I go boating with my classmates this weekend?Of course,but you _ swim in the river!A.mustntB.needntC.wouldntD.couldntSafety comes first.Everyone on the coach

19、 _ wear the seat belt.A.canB.cantC.mustD.mustntSelina,I want to learn something about the Winter Olympic Games in Beijing.Frank _ know it,because he care best about it.A.has toB.mustC.cantD.mightAACBIn the library you _ draw or write in the books,or you will be fined.A.mustntB.needntC.wouldntD.could

20、ntAngel,I have moved near Peoples Park.Oh,it _ be very convenient.You can exercise there any time now.A.mustB.mightC.couldThe paper cutting is pretty lively.Who made it?It _ be Amy.None of us except her is able to do it.A.wouldB.needC.mustD.canYou _ be excited you have tickets for your favorite band

21、!Yes.Its unbelievable that I can see the band play live!A.needB.have toC.mustD.mightAACChad better表“最好”You had better not do that again.=Youd better not do that again.Its getting dark.Youd better _ out by yourself.Its dangerous.A.not goB.not toC.to goIts very cold outside.Oh,yes.Youd better _ your c

22、oat.A.put onB.to put onC.to put upD.put upTime is limited!Youd better _ your time any more.A.not to wasteB.wasteC.not wasteSimon,what do I need to take for the hiking?Youd better _ more water than usual.Its hot today.A.not to eatB.not eatC.not eatingYoud better _ too much chocolate,or youll get fat

23、fast.A.not to eatB.not eatC.not eatingAACBBneedneed 表“需要”I dont think you need worry.neednt 表“不需要，没必要”You neednt be so worried.Mom,must I tidy my room right now?No,you _.You can do it after breakfast.A.needntB.mustntC.cantD.shouldntMust we wear the school clothes tomorrow,Mr.Wang?No,you _.Only on Mo

24、ndays.Tomorrow is Tuesday.A.mustntB.needntC.cantKevin,its Friday.You _ get up early tomorrow morning.Great!Im so tired these days.A.mustB.mustntC.mayD.needntMust I return this book before Friday,Sir?No,you _,dear.You can keep it for two weeks.A.cantB.shouldntC.mustntD.needntABDDLook!There are so man

25、y people in the restaurant.Yes.The food there _ be delicious.A.shouldntB.cantC.mustD.needSimon,Im afraid we cant complete the model spaceship this afternoon.Well,we _ finish it today.Its fine if we give it to Mr.Wang tomorrow.A.cantB.mustntC.needntD.shouldntMust I hand in the report now,sir?_.You ca

26、n hand it in tomorrow.A.Yes,you canB.Yes,you mustC.No,you needntD.No,you mustntAccording to the traffic law,children under 12 _ ride bicycles on the road.A.wontB.wouldntC.needntD.mustntCCCDshall/should/ought to 应该1）征求意见Should we call the doctor?2）表“命令、劝告、决心”I should work hard.You shouldnt be so care

27、less.I dont care what Kate thinks.Well,you _.Her suggestions are of some value.A.wouldB.shouldC.mightD.couldLucy,could you give me some suggestions on reading?Ok.My first suggestion is that you _ have a good reading habit.A.willB.canC.mightD.shouldPeople _ talk on a mobile phone while they are drivi

28、ng.A.shouldntB.needntC.mustD.canWe _ try our best to fight against pollution.A.should B.mayC.mustntD.needntBDAAwill/would1）提出建议或请求（would比will更委婉）Would you speak slowly?2）表“想要”I would like a cup of tea./Would you like tea or coffee?（would like搭配）3）表习惯或倾向（一般用would）I would read before sleeping._ you li

29、ke to go to school with me?A.CanB.AreC.WouldD.DoesNick,_ you like to join us to the museum?Why not?Lets go.A.canB.couldC.wouldD.must_ not you like to come to my party?A.ShallB.WouldC.ShouldD.WillWould you please _ make so much noise?My dad is sleeping._.A.not;Sorry,I dont.B.not;Sorry,I wont.C.dont;Y

30、es,I will.D.dont;No,I dont.CCBB英语语法体系动词时态（tense)时态定义：时态就是表示一个动作发生的时间和所处的状态“时”：动作发生的“时间”“态”：动作在某个时间的“状态”时态：时间 时间就是指动作发生的时间。时间分为三类：过去时 现在时 将来时（了解：过去将来时）。NowPastFuture时态：状态 状态就是指在某个时间这个动作所处于的状态。动词总共有四类状态：一般式 进行式 完成式完成进行式时态：状态一般式：经常发生或习惯的动作（do）I often get up at 7 oclock.我经常在7点钟起床。进行式：正在进行的动作（be doing）Sh

31、e is dancing.她正在跳舞。时态：状态完成式：之前动作的完成（have done）I have finished my work.我已经完成我的工作了。完成进行式：之前的动作持续到现在（have been doing）She has been working there for 5 years.她在这里工作已有5年时间。12种常用时态3种时间和4种状态的排列组合：12种常用时态一般式进行式完成式完成进行式现在一般现在时do/does现在进行时am/is/are doing现在完成时have/has done现在完成进行时have/has been doing过去一般过去时did过去进

32、行时was/were doing过去完成时had done过去完成进行时had been doing将来一般将来时will do将来进行时will be doing将来完成时will have done将来完成进行时will have been doing英语语法体系动词形式动词的五种基本形式形式构成例词动词原形词典中一般给出的形式be,do,have,run第三人称单数形式一般情况再动词后加-slearn-learns,like-likes以ch,sh,s,o,x结尾的动词后加-esteach-teaches,kiss-kisses以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-esstudy-s

33、tudies,marry-marries现在分词一般情况在动词后加-ingread-reading,play-playing以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去掉e再加-inglive-living,write-writing以重读闭音节结尾的动词，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母后，再加-ingrun-running,sit-sitting少数以ie结尾的动词，变ie位y，再加-ingdie-dying,lie-lying,tie-tying过去式和过去分词一般情况再动词后加-edturn-turned,look-looked以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-edTry-tried,study-studied以e结尾的动词，直接加-dLive-lived,like-liked以重读闭音节结尾的动词，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母后，再加-edstop-stopped,plan-planned