2022年中考英语语法复习ppt课件之数词（知识点汇总及配套练习）.pptx

1、数词（数词（NumeralsNumerals）数词定义数词定义数词分类数词分类数词应用数词应用数词功能数词功能01.01.定义定义 LOGO数词，是用来表示事物的数目大小和顺序先后的词。数词，是用来表示事物的数目大小和顺序先后的词。基数词表示数量，基数词表示数量，如：如：one,two,one,two,three,three,fourfour 序数词表示顺序，序数词表示顺序，如：如：first,first,second,second,third,third,fourthfourth（序数词前一般要（序数词前一般要加加thethe）02.02.分类分类 数词分为基数词和序数词数词分为基数词和序数

2、词。基数词基数词1)1-12:1)1-12:one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelvetwelve2)13-19:2)13-19:词尾加词尾加-teen:-teen:thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteenninete

3、en3)20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90:3)20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90:逢十词尾加逢十词尾加-ty:-ty:twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninetytwenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety4)21-99:4)21-99:在十位与个位之间加连字符构成在十位与个位之间加连字符构成.21-twenty-one 99-ninety-nine21-twenty-one 99-ninety-nine基数词基数词5)101-999:5)101

4、-999:先说几百先说几百,再加再加and,and,再加末尾两位数或个位数再加末尾两位数或个位数.101-one hundred and one 238-two hundred and 101-one hundred and one 238-two hundred and thirty-eightthirty-eight6)10006)1000以上的数以上的数:先将数字从右往左数先将数字从右往左数,每三位数用一个逗号隔每三位数用一个逗号隔开开,从右往左第一个逗号表示从右往左第一个逗号表示“千千”读读thousand thousand 第二个逗号第二个逗号表示表示“百万百万”读读million

5、million 第三个逗号表示第三个逗号表示“十亿十亿”读读billionbillion18,657,421-eighteen million,six hundred and fifty-18,657,421-eighteen million,six hundred and fifty-seven thousand,four hundred and twenty-one.seven thousand,four hundred and twenty-one.序数词序数词1 1、第一类、第一类 :在括号里的是缩写形式，均在阿拉伯数字后面加在括号里的是缩写形式，均在阿拉伯数字后面加上相应序数词的最后

6、两个字母构成，以下各类与此相同。上相应序数词的最后两个字母构成，以下各类与此相同。first(1st)first(1st)第一第一 second(2nd)second(2nd)第二第二 third(3rd)third(3rd)第三第三 序数词序数词2 2、第二类：这一类序数词均在相应的基数词后面加上后缀、第二类：这一类序数词均在相应的基数词后面加上后缀thth构成。构成。要注意其中要注意其中fifthfifth、eightheighth、ninthninth、twelfthtwelfth四个词的拼法。四个词的拼法。fourth(4th)fourth(4th)第四第四 thirteenth(13

7、th)thirteenth(13th)第十第十三三 fifth(5th)fifth(5th)第五第五 fourteenth(14th)fourteenth(14th)第十四第十四 sixth(6th)sixth(6th)第六第六 fifteenth(15th)fifteenth(15th)第第十五十五 seventh(7th)seventh(7th)第七第七 sixteenth(16th)sixteenth(16th)第十六第十六 eighth(8th)eighth(8th)第八第八 seventeenth(17th)seventeenth(17th)第第十七十七 ninth(9th)nint

8、h(9th)第九第九 eighteenth(18th)eighteenth(18th)第第十八十八 tenth(10th)tenth(10th)第十第十 nineteenth(19th)nineteenth(19th)第十第十九九 eleventh(11th)eleventh(11th)第十一第十一 twelfth(12th)twelfth(12th)第十二第十二 序数词序数词3 3、第三类：这一类全是十位整数的序数词。它们的构成方法是：先将、第三类：这一类全是十位整数的序数词。它们的构成方法是：先将相应的十位整数的基数词词尾相应的十位整数的基数词词尾tyty中的中的y y改成改成i i，然后

9、在加上后缀，然后在加上后缀etheth。twentieth(20th)twentieth(20th)第二十第二十 thirtieth(30th)thirtieth(30th)第三十第三十 fortieth(40th)fortieth(40th)第四十第四十 fiftieth(50th)fiftieth(50th)第五十第五十 sixtieth(60th)sixtieth(60th)第六十第六十 seventieth(70th)seventieth(70th)第七十第七十 eightieth(80th)eightieth(80th)第八十第八十 ninetieth(90th)ninetieth(

10、90th)第九十第九十 序数词序数词4 4、第四类：这类表示、第四类：这类表示“第几十几第几十几”的序数词，十位数不变，的序数词，十位数不变，仅把个位上的基数词变成序数词就行了。仅把个位上的基数词变成序数词就行了。thirty-first(31th)thirty-first(31th)第三十一第三十一 sixty-second(62nd)sixty-second(62nd)第六十二第六十二 eighty-seventh(87th)eighty-seventh(87th)第八十七第八十七 ninety-eighth(98th)ninety-eighth(98th)第九十八第九十八 基数词变序数词

11、基数词变序数词口诀口诀:基变序基变序,有规律有规律,词尾要加词尾要加th.th.一二三一二三,特殊记特殊记,词尾分别词尾分别tdd(first second tdd(first second third)third)八去八去t,t,九去九去e,vee,ve要用要用f f替替.ty.ty变作变作tie,tie,再加再加thth莫忘莫忘记记.若遇几十几若遇几十几,只变个位就可以只变个位就可以.TipsTips当序数词前出当序数词前出现现形容词性物形容词性物主代词主代词时，不时，不加加thethe。1.1.表示事物的数目大小和顺序先后：表示事物的数目大小和顺序先后：five apples 5five

12、 apples 5个苹果个苹果2.2.表示编号（基数词位于名词之后，序数词位于名词之前）：表示编号（基数词位于名词之后，序数词位于名词之前）：Lesson One=the first lesson Lesson One=the first lesson 第一课第一课Page Eight=the eighth page Page Eight=the eighth page 第八页第八页03.03.数词的应用数词的应用编码式读法编码式读法指将数字逐一按基数词读出的方法。通常门牌指将数字逐一按基数词读出的方法。通常门牌号码、房间号码、电话号码、邮政编码、车牌号码及其他号码、房间号码、电话号码、邮政编

13、码、车牌号码及其他专用编码都采用编码式读法。凡采用编码式读法的数字都专用编码都采用编码式读法。凡采用编码式读法的数字都应在应在三位以上三位以上，两位数字通常按基数词读，如：，两位数字通常按基数词读，如：Room 34 34Room 34 34号房间号房间 读作：读作：room thirty-room thirty-fourfourpage 518 page 518 第第518518页页 读作：读作：page five one eightpage five one eightTipsTips3.3.表示年代：表示年代：in the 1870s=in the 1870sin the 1870s=i

14、n the 1870s 在十九世纪七十年代在十九世纪七十年代4.4.表示年龄：表示年龄：five years old five years old 五岁五岁5.5.表达日期：表达日期：20072007年年3 3月月2121日日 写作：写作：March 21st,2007 March 21st,2007 读作：读作：March,the twenty-first,two thousand and sevenMarch,the twenty-first,two thousand and seven03.03.数词的应用数词的应用6.6.表示时刻：表示时刻：1)1)整点整点:基数词基数词 +ocloc

15、k +oclock 八点八点 eight eight oclockoclock2)2)几点几分几点几分:直接读法直接读法:先读小时先读小时 ,后读分钟后读分钟 3:25 three 3:25 three twenty-fivetwenty-five间接读法间接读法:a)30a)30分钟分钟.分钟分钟+past+past+小时小时 3 3：25 twenty-five 25 twenty-five past threepast threeb)30b)30分钟分钟.(60-.(60-分钟分钟 )+to+()+to+(小时数小时数+1)3:55 five to four+1)3:55 five to

16、 fourc)30 c)30 分钟分钟 =half 15=half 15分钟分钟=a quarter 45=a quarter 45分钟分钟=three quarters=three quarters3:30-half past three3:30-half past three；3:15-a quarter past three 3:15-a quarter past three；3:45-a quarter 3:45-a quarter to fourto four03.03.数词的应用数词的应用7.7.表达分数词、小数、百分数：表达分数词、小数、百分数：分数：分子用基数词分数：分子用基数

17、词,分母用序数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于当分子大于1 1时时,分母变复数分母变复数。1/3-one third 1/3-one third；3/4-three fourths3/4-three fourths注意：分数词的几种特殊形式注意：分数词的几种特殊形式.1/3one third=a third1/3one third=a third1/4one fourth=a quarter1/4one fourth=a quarter1/2one second=a half1/2one second=a half3/4three fourths=three quarters3/4three fo

18、urths=three quarters03.03.数词的应用数词的应用7.7.表达分数词、小数、百分数：表达分数词、小数、百分数：小数：小数是以基数词加小数点表示，小数点前面的数按基数词的规则读，小数小数：小数是以基数词加小数点表示，小数点前面的数按基数词的规则读，小数点后面的数按个位基数词依次读出，点读点后面的数按个位基数词依次读出，点读pointpoint。0.5 zero point five0.5 zero point five0.257 zero point two five seven0.257 zero point two five seven百分数：百分数是由基数词或小数加百

19、分号组成，百分号百分数：百分数是由基数词或小数加百分号组成，百分号(%)(%)读作读作percentpercent0.6%zero point six percent0.6%zero point six percent100%one hundred percent100%one hundred percent03.03.数词的应用数词的应用04.04.数词的功能数词的功能基数词的功能：基数词的功能：(1)(1)作作定语定语。如：。如：There are only three boys in the class.There are only three boys in the class.班上只

20、有班上只有3 3名男生。名男生。(2)(2)作作主语主语。如：。如：It is said that thirteen is an unlucky number.It is said that thirteen is an unlucky number.据说据说1313是个不吉利的数是个不吉利的数字。字。(3)(3)作作宾语宾语。如：。如：It is worth three hundred.It is worth three hundred.这件东西值这件东西值300300。(4)(4)作作表语表语。如：。如：Two and two is four.Two and two is four.二加二

21、等于四。二加二等于四。(5)(5)作作同位语同位语。如：。如：Are you two coming?Are you two coming?你们俩来吗？你们俩来吗？They ten will go abroad.They ten will go abroad.他们十个人将出国。他们十个人将出国。04.04.数词的功能数词的功能 序数词的功能：序数词的功能：（1 1）作）作主语主语。如：。如：The first day of May is International Labour The first day of May is International Labour DayDay（2 2）作）作

22、表语表语。作表语时，序数词前的定冠词往往省去。如：。作表语时，序数词前的定冠词往往省去。如：Lynd was second last year.Lynd was second last year.林德去林德去 年是第二。年是第二。（3 3）作）作宾语宾语。如：。如：He was among the first to arrive.He was among the first to arrive.他是首批到达的人员之一。他是首批到达的人员之一。（4 4）作）作定语定语。如：。如：May is the fifth month of the year.May is the fifth month o

23、f the year.五月是一年中的第五个月。五月是一年中的第五个月。（5 5）作）作同位语同位语。如：。如：Who is the woman,the second in the second line?Who is the woman,the second in the second line?1 1、-When were you born,Michael?When were you born,Michael?-I was born in a small village with only three _people.-I was born in a small village with o

24、nly three _people.A.hundred B.hundreds C.hundreds of A.hundred B.hundreds C.hundreds of 2.2.-Hi,Andy!There are _ floors in this building.Which floor do you live Hi,Andy!There are _ floors in this building.Which floor do you live on?on?-I live on the _ floor.-I live on the _ floor.A.thirty,twenty-sec

25、ond B.thirty,twenty-two A.thirty,twenty-second B.thirty,twenty-two C.thirtieth,twenty-two C.thirtieth,twenty-two3.3.Li Ming will be _.His parents are going to have a party for his _ Li Ming will be _.His parents are going to have a party for his _ birthday.birthday.A.sixteen,sixteenth B.sixteenth,si

26、xteenth A.sixteen,sixteenth B.sixteenth,sixteenth C.sixteen,sixteen D.sixteenth,sixteen C.sixteen,sixteen D.sixteenth,sixteen4.4.The workers will complete the new bridge in _.The workers will complete the new bridge in _.A.two and a half moths B.two months and half C.Two and a half A.two and a half

27、moths B.two months and half C.Two and a half month month 5.5.-How many hours do you sleep every night?How many hours do you sleep every night?-About _ hours.From 9:00 pm.To 6:00 am.-About _ hours.From 9:00 pm.To 6:00 am.A.nine B.nineteen C.ninth D.ninety A.nine B.nineteen C.ninth D.ninety 6.6.-What

28、do you think of the environment here?What do you think of the environment here?-Wonderful._ of the land _covered with trees and grass.-Wonderful._ of the land _covered with trees and grass.A.Two-fifths,is B.Two-fifth,is C.Two-fifths,are A.Two-fifths,is B.Two-fifth,is C.Two-fifths,are D.Two-fifth,are

29、 D.Two-fifth,are 7.7.-Jack,_ of the oranges _gone bad.Jack,_ of the oranges _gone bad.-Wed better eat up the rest as soon as possible.-Wed better eat up the rest as soon as possible.A.one fifth,have B.one fifth,has C.one fifths,have A.one fifth,have B.one fifth,has C.one fifths,have D.first five,has

30、D.first five,has8.8.-A recent survey shows that 35 0ut of 45 students in my class will save A recent survey shows that 35 0ut of 45 students in my class will save their phones first in a fire.their phones first in a fire.-About _ of the students made such a choice?Life is far more -About _ of the st

31、udents made such a choice?Life is far more important,isnt it?important,isnt it?A.half B.one third C.two thirds D.three A.half B.one third C.two thirds D.three quartersquarters9.9.About _ of the land _ covered with trees and grass.About _ of the land _ covered with trees and grass.A.three fifths;is B

32、.three fifths;are C.three fifth;are A.three fifths;is B.three fifths;are C.three fifth;are 10.10.Nowadays,_ of the old people in the area _ used to dancing on the Nowadays,_ of the old people in the area _ used to dancing on the square after supper.square after supper.A.two third;is B.two thirds;is

33、C.two thirds;are A.two third;is B.two thirds;is C.two thirds;are11.11.-Yan Jiashuo,a _girl,has won the prize of International Master Yan Jiashuo,a _girl,has won the prize of International Master Memory.Memory.-Wow,shes great,isnt she?-Wow,shes great,isnt she?A.ten-year-old B.ten-years-old C.ten year

34、 old A.ten-year-old B.ten-years-old C.ten year old D.ten years old D.ten years old 12.12.Xi Jinping,our _president,paid a visit to Harbin last month.How Xi Jinping,our _president,paid a visit to Harbin last month.How encouraging!encouraging!A.63 years old B.63 years old C.63-year-old A.63 years old

35、B.63 years old C.63-year-old 13.13.Unluckily,_ people were killed in the earthquake.Unluckily,_ people were killed in the earthquake.A.two thousands B.thousand of C.two thousands of D.thousands of A.two thousands B.thousand of C.two thousands of D.thousands of Answers:Answers:15 AAAAA15 AAAAA610 AAAAC610 AAAAC1113 ACD1113 ACD