2022年中考英语语法复习ppt课件之代词（知识点汇总及配套练习）.pptx

1、代词（代词（PronounsPronouns）代词概述代词概述代词分类代词分类代词功能代词功能代词概述代词概述01-代词是代替名词代词是代替名词,形容词或数词的词。形容词或数词的词。1.Lucy is very kind.She always helps others.1.Lucy is very kind.She always helps others.2.My father is a doctor and he works in a 2.My father is a doctor and he works in a hospital.hospital.3.Their English tea

2、cher is Miss Chen.3.Their English teacher is Miss Chen.4.Is everybody here?4.Is everybody here?5.Judy is a rabbit who is very lovely.5.Judy is a rabbit who is very lovely.找出句中的代词并说出所代替的词。找出句中的代词并说出所代替的词。02代词分分类代词分分类人称代词人称代词指示代词指示代词反身代词反身代词物主代词物主代词不定代词不定代词疑问代词疑问代词关系代词关系代词 表示表示“我我”、“你你”、“他他”、“她她”、“它它”

3、、“我们我们”、“你你们们”、“他们他们”的词，叫做人称代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化。的词，叫做人称代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化。人称代词人称代词 人称人称单数单数复数复数主格主格宾格宾格主格主格宾格宾格第一人称第一人称第二人称第二人称 第三人称第三人称 表示表示“我我”、“你你”、“他他”、“她她”、“它它”、“我们我们”、“你你们们”、“他们他们”的词，叫做人称代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化。的词，叫做人称代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化。人称代词人称代词 人称人称单数单数复数复数主格主格宾格宾格主格主格宾格宾格第一人称第一人称I Imemeweweusus第二人称第二人

4、称youyouyouyouyouyouyou you 第三人第三人称称hehehimhimtheytheythemthemshesheherheritititit人称代词用法人称代词用法1.1.人称代词的主格在句中作主语，位于谓语动词之前。人称代词的主格在句中作主语，位于谓语动词之前。SheShe is my English teacher.is my English teacher._ _ 他在那家医院工作。他在那家医院工作。2.2.人称代词的宾格在句中作动词或介词的宾语或表语。人称代词的宾格在句中作动词或介词的宾语或表语。Please take good care of Please ta

5、ke good care of himhim.-Who is there?-Who is there?-Its-Its meme._ _ 我妈妈非常喜欢她。我妈妈非常喜欢她。人称代词用法人称代词用法3.3.几个人称并列作主语时的排列顺序几个人称并列作主语时的排列顺序单数人称：单数人称：第二人称，第三人称，第一人称第二人称，第三人称，第一人称You,she and I all like computer games.You,she and I all like computer games.你，我，她都喜欢电脑游戏。你，我，她都喜欢电脑游戏。但是：但是：表示过错责任时，第一人称要放在前面。表示过

6、错责任时，第一人称要放在前面。I and he made a mistake.I and he made a mistake.复数人称：复数人称：第一人称，第二人称，第三人称第一人称，第二人称，第三人称We,you and they We,you and they 人称代词用法人称代词用法4.4.人称代词人称代词 it it 的用法的用法it it 通常指事物，但如果是不知性别的人或婴儿也用通常指事物，但如果是不知性别的人或婴儿也用itit。The baby is lovely.Is _a boy?The baby is lovely.Is _a boy?这个宝宝真可爱，是男孩吗？这个宝宝真可

7、爱，是男孩吗？Someone is knocking the door.Who is _?Someone is knocking the door.Who is _?有人在敲门，是谁呢？有人在敲门，是谁呢？Answers:Answers:1.He works at that hospital.1.He works at that hospital.2.My mother likes her very much2.My mother likes her very much。3.it3.it4.it 4.it 物主代词物主代词表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，物主代词分形容词性表示所有关系的代词叫做

8、物主代词，物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种。物主代词和名词性物主代词二种。人称人称单数单数复数复数形容词性形容词性名词性名词性形容词性形容词性名词性名词性第一人称第一人称第二人称第二人称 第三人称第三人称物主代词物主代词表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，物主代词分形容词性表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种。物主代词和名词性物主代词二种。人称人称单数单数复数复数形容词性形容词性名词性名词性形容词性形容词性名词性名词性第一人称第一人称mymyminemineourouroursours第二人称第二人称youryouryoursyoursyou

9、ryouryoursyours 第三人称第三人称hishishishistheirtheirtheirstheirsherherhershersitsitsitsits物主代词用法物主代词用法1.1.形容词性物主代词后常接名词，不单独使用。形容词性物主代词后常接名词，不单独使用。His His parents are both office workers.parents are both office workers._我妹妹非常可爱。我妹妹非常可爱。2.2.名词性物主代词后面不需要跟名词，相当于名词性物主代词后面不需要跟名词，相当于形容词性形容词性物主代词物主代词+名词名词。My idea

10、 is different from My idea is different from hershers._bag is black and _is red._bag is black and _is red.我的书包是黑色的，她的是红色的。我的书包是黑色的，她的是红色的。Answers:Answers:1.My sister is very lovely.1.My sister is very lovely.2.My;hers2.My;hers人称人称第一人称第一人称第二人称第二人称第三人称第三人称单数单数myselfmyselfyourselfyourselfhimselfhimself

11、herselfherselfitselfitself复数复数ourselvesourselvesyourselvesyourselvesthemselvesthemselves反身代词反身代词反身代词是一种表示反射或强调的代词。反身代词与它所指代的名词反身代词是一种表示反射或强调的代词。反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词形成互指关系，在人称、性质、数上保持一致。比如或代词形成互指关系，在人称、性质、数上保持一致。比如:我自己、我自己、你自己、他自己、我们自己等等。你自己、他自己、我们自己等等。反身代词用法反身代词用法1.1.用作用作同位语同位语(加强被修饰词的语气，紧放在被修饰名词后加强被修饰词的

12、语气，紧放在被修饰名词后,或句末或句末)The box itself is not so heavy.The box itself is not so heavy.箱子本身并不重。箱子本身并不重。You had better ask the driver himself.You had better ask the driver himself.你最好问司机你最好问司机本人。本人。2.2.用作用作宾语宾语Take good care of yourself.Take good care of yourself.好好照顾你自己。好好照顾你自己。The child can dress himsel

13、f.The child can dress himself.这孩子能自己穿衣服了。这孩子能自己穿衣服了。3.3.用作用作表表语语The poor boy was myself.The poor boy was myself.那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。Just be yourself.Just be yourself.做你自己就好了。做你自己就好了。反身代词用法反身代词用法3.3.常用反身代词的搭配常用反身代词的搭配by oneself by oneself 独自地独自地;单独地单独地I cant do such a thing by myself.I cant do

14、such a thing by myself.我自己干不了这样一件我自己干不了这样一件事。事。enjoy oneself enjoy oneself 玩得开心，过得快乐玩得开心，过得快乐I hope you will enjoy yourself here.I hope you will enjoy yourself here.我希望你在这里玩得我希望你在这里玩得开心。开心。help oneself(to sth)help oneself(to sth)自便，自取自便，自取Please help yourself to some fish.Please help yourself to som

15、e fish.请随便吃些鱼。请随便吃些鱼。SHOW TIME1.1._ is my aunt.We often visit _.(she)_ is my aunt.We often visit _.(she)2.China is a developing country._is in the east of 2.China is a developing country._is in the east of Asia.(its)Asia.(its)3.What day is _ today?_ is Thursday.3.What day is _ today?_ is Thursday.(i

16、ts)(its)4 4.I own a blue bike.The red one isnt _.(I).I own a blue bike.The red one isnt _.(I)5.5.I ate all _ sandwiches yesterday.(I)Can I have one of I ate all _ sandwiches yesterday.(I)Can I have one of _?(you)_?(you)6 6.George has lost _(his)pen.Ask Mary if.George has lost _(his)pen.Ask Mary if（是

17、否）（是否）she will she will lend him _.(she)lend him _.(she)7 7.Jack has a dog and so have I._(he)dog and _(I).Jack has a dog and so have I._(he)dog and _(I)had a fight(had a fight(打架打架).).8 8.The teacher wants you to return that book of _(he).The teacher wants you to return that book of _(he)9 9.Mr.and

18、 Mrs.Green and a friend of _ are coming to see us.Mr.and Mrs.Green and a friend of _ are coming to see us.(they)(they)SHOW TIME10.10.Your football clothes are on the desk.Please put Your football clothes are on the desk.Please put _(they_(they，themthem，theirtheir，theirs)away.theirs)away.1111.(We.(We

19、，UsUs，OurOur，Ours)_ English teacher is Mrs.Green.Ours)_ English teacher is Mrs.Green.We all like _(sheWe all like _(she，herher，hers).hers).1212.(I.(I，MeMe，MyMy，Mine)_ canMine)_ can t get my kite.Could you help t get my kite.Could you help _(I_(I，meme，mymy，mine)?mine)?13.13.Those girls enjoyed _ in t

20、he party last night.Those girls enjoyed _ in the party last night.A.them B.they C.themselves D.herself A.them B.they C.themselves D.herself 1414.Help _ to some fish,children.Help _ to some fish,children.A.yourself B.your C.yours D.yourselves A.yourself B.your C.yours D.yourselves 1515.The film _ is

21、very fun.The film _ is very fun.A.itA.it s B.itself C.it D.its s B.itself C.it D.its Answers:Answers:1.She;her 1.She;her 2.it2.it3.it;It 3.it;It 4.mine4.mine5.my;yours 6.5.my;yours 6.his;hershis;hers7.Her;mine 8.7.Her;mine 8.himhim9.theirs 9.theirs 10.them10.them11.our;her 12.11.our;her 12.I;meI;me1

22、3.C 14.A 13.C 14.A 15.B15.B指示代词指示代词单数单数复数复数含义含义thisthisthesethese指较近的人或物指较近的人或物thatthatthosethose指较远的人或物指较远的人或物指示代词是表示指示概念的代词，即用来指示或标识人或事指示代词是表示指示概念的代词，即用来指示或标识人或事物的代词。物的代词。指示代词用法指示代词用法 this&thesethis&these1.1.表示近指表示近指 这是她的书。这是她的书。_这些是我的笔。这些是我的笔。2.2.下文要提到的事物下文要提到的事物_ _ 请记住这个：没有付出就没有收获。请记住这个：没有付出就没有收

23、获。Answers:Answers:1.This is her book.1.This is her book.2.These are my pens.2.These are my pens.3.Please remember this:No pain,no 3.Please remember this:No pain,no gain.gain.指示代词用法指示代词用法 that&thosethat&those1.1.表示远指表示远指_ _ 那是她的自行车。那是她的自行车。2.2.前面刚刚提到过的事物前面刚刚提到过的事物_ _ 他病了，那是他为什么没去上学的原因。他病了，那是他为什么没去上学的

24、原因。指示代词用法指示代词用法 打电话时用打电话时用this this 表示自己，表示自己，that that 询问对方。询问对方。_ _ 我是我是MikeMike，你是谁？，你是谁？用用thisthis，thatthat，thesethese，those those 提问的一般疑问提问的一般疑问句，回答时要用句，回答时要用it it 和和they they 来代替。来代替。-Whats that?-Whats that?-_is a pencil.-_is a pencil.-What are these?-What are these?-_are your birthday gifts.-

25、_are your birthday gifts.Answers:Answers:1.That is her bike.1.That is her bike.2.He was ill and that was why 2.He was ill and that was why he didnt go to school.he didnt go to school.3.This is Mike.Whos that?3.This is Mike.Whos that?4.it;they4.it;they指示代词功能指示代词功能指指示代词在句子中可充当主语、宾语、表语、定语。示代词在句子中可充当主语、

26、宾语、表语、定语。1.1.作作主语主语This is my bag.That is yours.This is my bag.That is yours.2.2.作作宾语宾语I like this better.I like this better.3.3.作作表语表语My point is this.My point is this.4.4.作作定语定语This room is mine.This room is mine.不定代词不定代词不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。常见的有：不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。常见的有：somesome，anyany，s

27、omebodysomebody，someone someone，something something，anybody anybody，anyoneanyone，anythinganything，no no，nobody nobody，no one no one，nothing nothing，all all，both both，neither neither，nonenone，either either，eacheach，every every，everybody everybody，everyone everyone，everything everything，otherother，ano

28、ther another，much much，many many，few few，a few a few，little little，a a littlelittle，oneone等等。等等。不定代词功能不定代词功能1.1.做做主语主语 Is everybody hereIs everybody here？All is well and ends well.All is well and ends well.2.2.做做宾宾语语 I know a little about the novel.I know a little about the novel.3.3.作作表语表语 Thats al

29、l for today.Thats all for today.4.4.做做定语定语 Each book on the shelf is worth readingEach book on the shelf is worth reading。5.5.作作状语状语 They will come back a little later.They will come back a little later.some&anysome&any1.some1.some和和anyany都可表示都可表示“一些一些”，既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不，既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词。可数名词。2.some 2.

30、some 用在肯定句中，用在肯定句中，any any 用在否定句和疑问句中。用在否定句和疑问句中。There arent _students in the classroom.There arent _students in the classroom.Look,_ boys are playing football.Look,_ boys are playing football.3.3.在表示请求、建议，并希望得到肯定答复的疑问句中应用在表示请求、建议，并希望得到肯定答复的疑问句中应用somesome。-Would you like _coffee?-Would you like _cof

31、fee?-Yes,please.-Yes,please.在表示在表示“任何任何”，并起强调作用的肯定句中用，并起强调作用的肯定句中用anyany。_任何学生都知道这个问题。任何学生都知道这个问题。Answers:Answers:1.any1.any 2.some 2.some 3.some 3.some 4.Any student knows the 4.Any student knows the question.question.many&muchmany&muchmany many 和和much much 都表示都表示“许多许多”，但修饰的词不同。，但修饰的词不同。many many 修

32、饰修饰_，much much 修饰修饰_，二者，二者都可以与表示程度的副词都可以与表示程度的副词tootoo连用，意为连用，意为“太多太多.”.”。How _bottles of water do you need?How _bottles of water do you need?你需要多少瓶水？你需要多少瓶水？He never eats so _breakfast.He never eats so _breakfast.他从未吃过如此多的早饭。他从未吃过如此多的早饭。1.many1.many 2.much 2.much Answers:Answers:each&everyeach&ever

33、yeach each 和和every every 都表示都表示“每一每一”，但强调的内容不同。，但强调的内容不同。1.each 1.each 强调个体，强调个体，every every 强调整体，二者作主语时，谓强调整体，二者作主语时，谓语动词都用单数。语动词都用单数。2.each 2.each 指两个或两个以上的人或物，指两个或两个以上的人或物，every every 指三个或三指三个或三个以上的人或物。个以上的人或物。3.each 3.each 可与可与ofof连用，连用，every every 不能。不能。There are trees in _side of road.There ar

34、e trees in _side of road._ _in Class Five passed the exam._ _in Class Five passed the exam.五班的每个学生都通过了考试。五班的每个学生都通过了考试。_ _ _ wears a yellow T-shirt._ _ _ wears a yellow T-shirt.我们中的每个人都穿了一件黄色的我们中的每个人都穿了一件黄色的T T恤。恤。1.either1.either 2.Every 2.Every student student 3.each of us 3.each of usAnswers:Answ

35、ers:either&neithereither&neithereither either 和和 neither neither 都指两者，但含义有所不同。都指两者，但含义有所不同。1.either 1.either 指两者中的一个，表示选择，常与指两者中的一个，表示选择，常与oror 搭配，搭配，意为意为“或者或者.或者或者.;.;要么要么.要么要么.”.”。2.neither 2.neither 指两个中一个也不指两个中一个也不.，表示否定，常与，表示否定，常与nornor搭配，意为搭配，意为“既不既不.也不也不.”.”.3.3.二者都可与二者都可与ofof连用，构成连用，构成either

36、/neither+of+either/neither+of+名词名词(代词代词)的复数的复数。4.4.二者连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词采用二者连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词采用就近原则就近原则 。Neither of the books _ good.Neither of the books _ good.Either you or him _will be the monitor.Either you or him _will be the monitor.1.is 1.is 2.is 2.is Answers:Answers:both&all&both&all&nonenone1.both

37、1.both 表示表示“两者都两者都.”.”，常与，常与andand连用，谓语动词用连用，谓语动词用复数。复数。2.all 2.all 表示表示“三者或三者以上都三者或三者以上都.”,.”,常与常与ofof连用。连用。3.none 3.none 表示表示“三者或三者以上都不三者或三者以上都不.”.”，可与，可与ofof连用。连用。_._.你和我都是学生。你和我都是学生。_一班的学生英语都很好。一班的学生英语都很好。_._.这些笔没一个是我的。这些笔没一个是我的。Answers:Answers:1.Both you and I are students.1.Both you and I are

38、students.2.Students in Class One all 2.Students in Class One all study English well.study English well.3.None of these pens are mine.3.None of these pens are mine.few&littlefew&littlea littlea littlelittlelittle不可数名词不可数名词a few a few fewfew可数名词可数名词有一些，肯定有一些，肯定没多少，否定没多少，否定There is _time left and I don

39、t catch the first There is _time left and I dont catch the first bus.bus.Can you give me _milk?Can you give me _milk?He has _friends here,so he often feels He has _friends here,so he often feels lonely.lonely.1.little1.little 2.a little 2.a little 3.few3.fewAnswers:Answers:other&anotherother&another

40、oneonethe otherthe otheroneoneoneoneotherotherthe the othersothersoneoneothersothers 1.other,the other,the others,1.other,the other,the others,othersothersother&anotherother&another2.another 2.another 指三者或三者以上的另一个；指三者或三者以上的另一个；3.the other3.the other常与常与oneone搭配，构成搭配，构成“one.the one.the other.other.”，

41、意为，意为“一个一个.另一个另一个.”;.”;4.others4.others常与常与somesome搭配，构成搭配，构成“some.others.some.others.”，意为意为“一些一些.另一些另一些.”.”。SHOW TIME1.Do you have any _ question(s)?1.Do you have any _ question(s)?2.I dont like this one.Please show me _.2.I dont like this one.Please show me _.3.Two boys will go to the zoo,and _ wi

42、ll 3.Two boys will go to the zoo,and _ will stay at home.stay at home.4.Some of us like singing and dancing,_go 4.Some of us like singing and dancing,_go in for sports.in for sports.5.He has two daughters.One is a nurse,_ 5.He has two daughters.One is a nurse,_ is a worker.is a worker.1.other1.other

43、 2.another 2.another 3.the others 3.the others4.others4.others 5.the other 5.the otherAnswers:Answers:复合不定代词复合不定代词复合不定代词复合不定代词1.-thing 1.-thing 指物，指物，-one-one和和-body-body指人。指人。2.2.作主语，谓语动词一律用作主语，谓语动词一律用单数单数。Everything _ready.Everything _ready.一切都准备好了。一切都准备好了。3.3.形容词或形容词或elseelse修饰复合不定代词放于其后。修饰复合不定代词

44、放于其后。Is there _ _in todays newspaper?Is there _ _in todays newspaper?今天的报纸有什么特别的吗？今天的报纸有什么特别的吗？Can you find _ _?Can you find _ _?你能再找其他人吗？你能再找其他人吗？4.everyone4.everyone只能指人，只能指人，every one every one 既可指人也可指物，还可与既可指人也可指物，还可与of of 搭搭配。配。Id like _to be happy.Id like _to be happy.我希望人人都幸福。我希望人人都幸福。I have

45、kept _ _ _her letters.I have kept _ _ _her letters.我已保存了她的每一封我已保存了她的每一封信。信。Answers:Answers:1.is1.is 2.2.anything specialanything special 3.anyone 3.anyone elseelse 4.everyone 4.everyone 5.every 5.every one of one of SHOW TIME1._ of them knew about the plan because it was kept a 1._ of them knew abou

46、t the plan because it was kept a secret.secret.A.Each A.Each B.Any B.Any C.No one C.No one D.None D.None2.We couldnt eat in a restaurant because _ of us had _ 2.We couldnt eat in a restaurant because _ of us had _ money on us.money on us.A.all;no B.any;no A.all;no B.any;no C.none;any D.no one;any C.

47、none;any D.no one;any3.There is a tree on _ side of the street.3.There is a tree on _ side of the street.A.every B.all A.every B.all C.either D.both C.either D.both4.There is a desk on _ side of the room.4.There is a desk on _ side of the room.A.both B.either A.both B.either C.all D.every C.all D.ev

48、erySHOW TIME5.It is said that _ of his parents have gone to Beijing.5.It is said that _ of his parents have gone to Beijing.A.all B.every C.both D.either A.all B.every C.both D.either6.Some of the students are absent-minded,_ of them heard 6.Some of the students are absent-minded,_ of them heard wha

49、t the teacher said.what the teacher said.A.all B.none C.every D.not all A.all B.none C.every D.not all7.Is _ here?7.Is _ here?No,Bob and Tim have asked for leave.No,Bob and Tim have asked for leave.A.anybody B.somebody A.anybody B.somebody C.everybody D.nobody C.everybody D.nobody8.These boys were a

50、ll very tired,but _ of them would stop to 8.These boys were all very tired,but _ of them would stop to take a rest.take a rest.A.any B.some C.none D.neither A.any B.some C.none D.neither9.Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?9.Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?Im afraid _ day is possible.Im afraid _ da