2022年中考英语语法复习ppt课件：代词（你是谁的影子）.pptx

1、 代词-你是谁的影子学习目标Course Objectives 熟练掌握人称代词主格、宾格形式的用法；掌握形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代；掌握反身代词作为宾语和同位语；熟练掌握指示代词的基本用法;熟练掌握不定代词的基本用法。目录Catalog1.人称代词的用法与练习.P112.物主代词的用法与练习.P193.反身代词的用法与练习.P314.指示代词的用法与练习.P445.常用不定代词的辨析与练习.P576.复合不定代词的用法与练习.P83Warming upWarming upWarming upWarming up代词的概念和分类人称人称代词代词物主物主代词代词反身反身代词代词疑问疑问代词代

2、词关系关系代词代词不定不定代词代词 指示指示 代词代词代词是代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、不定式、V-ing形式、从句或句子的词。代词代词PART 02PART 02人称代词人称代词用法I love you,if youre not aware of that,its my fault,please forgive me.为什么有两个“我”呢？人称代词 人称分类 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数复数 主 格 Iyouhethey宾格usyouherit人称代词 人称分类 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数复数 主 格 Iweyouyouhesh

3、eitthey宾格meusyouyouhimheritthem人称代词用法如何区分主宾格呢？I love you,if youre not aware of that,its my fault,please forgive me.I have no need of you.And you,on your part,have no need of me.用法详解人称代词主格：位于动词之前，做主语，表示谁怎么样 了，干什么了。人称代词宾格：作宾语，表示动作行为的对象，用在动词或介词之后。记忆口诀：人称代词分两格，主格宾格来分说；主格定把主语作，宾格作宾不会错。人称代词练一练：1.Han Han i

4、s very popular among teenagers.We all like_.A.him B.he C.she D.her2._isnt here.Whats wrong with _?(她)3._is new here.Please look after _.(他)4.Toms parents usually send _(he)to take part in all kinds of extracurricular activities(课外活动)at weekends.5.Miss Brown will teach _English next term.(我们)人称代词答案：1

5、.A2.She;her3.He;him4.him5.us人称代词知识拓展：1、“I”不论在什么地方都要大写。I study English every day.2、“she”常常代替国家,城市,宠物等,表示一种亲密或爱抚的感情。I live in China。She is a great country.3、“it”有时也可指人。(敲门,打电话)Its me.Open the door,please.人称代词知识拓展：4、人称代词并用时,单数为第二人称,第三人称,第一人称;复数为第一人称,第二人称,第三人 称;you,he and I help us,you and them 5、在简短对话中

6、，当人称代词单独使用或在not 后多用宾格。-Have more wine?-Not me。-I like English.-Me too.物主代词想一想：下面句子中的your意思一样吗?1.Tom,please put away your books.2.Boys and girls,please put away your books and well play games.物主代词 人称分类 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数复数形容词性 myyourherits名词性 oursyourshistheirs物主代词 人称分类 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复

7、数 单数 复数 单数复数形容词性 myouryouryourhisheritstheir名词性 mineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirs物主代词u 形容词性物主代词用来修饰后面的名词，不能单独应用e.g.My parents are both doctors.There is something wrong with his bike.My is beautiful.物主代词u 名词性物主代词应单独使用，后面不跟名词u 形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词e.g.-Whose bike is this?-This is my bike.=This is mine.

8、物主代词e.g.May I use your ruler?I have lost mine.Lets clean their room first,and then clean ours.my rulerour room物主代词用法口诀：物主代词两类型，形容词性、名词性。形容词性作定语，后面定把名词用。名词性独立用，主宾表语它都充。物主代词练一练：1.-Is that _（you）bike?-No,it isnt.Its_(her)2.-Is this your English book?-No,its my brothers._(my)is over there.3.Excuse me,ma

9、y I use your bicycle?_ is broken.Certainly.But remember to return it before lunch.A.I B.Me C.Myself D.Mine4.The new e-dictionary isnt _.It belongs to _.A.he;me B.hers;mine C.his;me D.her;mine 物主代词答案：1.your;hers.2.mine 3.D 4.C物主代词用法拓展：1.物主代词前后不能有this,that,some,a,an,the等词修饰。This is my a pen.()This is

10、my pen.()2.当表示强调时，形容词性物主代词可与own连用，意为“某人自己的”。my own room 我自己的房间3.在用英文表达“我妈妈/朋友”等时，应为my mom/friend.I mom/friend()my mom/friend()物主代词改一改：1.This isnt hers pen.Hers looks newer and cleaner.2.I lost my bike,Can I use your?3.Look for yours keys in your bag,not in mine.4.Funny jokes can always make our laug

11、hing when we are sad.物主代词改一改：1.This isnt her pen.Hers looks newer and cleaner.2.I lost my bike,Can I use yours?3.Look for your keys in your bag,not in mine.4.Funny jokes can always make us laughing when we are sad.反身代词表示“我（们）自己”、“你（们）自己”、“他/她/它（们）自己”的代词称为反身代词 人称分类 第一人称第二人称 第三人称 单数myselfyourselfherse

12、lfhimselfitself 复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves反身代词u 在句中作宾语，表示动作反射到动作的执行者本身。e.g.My grandmother is too old to look after herself.Bob taught himself how to make a home page.反身代词u 在句中作名词或代词的同位语，用来加强语气，可译为“亲身”、“本人”、等。e.g.We ourselves will build the factory.The children made the model plane themselves.反身

13、代词反身代词用法口诀：反身代词表自身，句中可作两成分：表示强调同位语，宾语动作回自身。反身代词u 常用的由反身代词构成的短语for oneself _be oneself _by oneself _teach oneself _enjoy oneself _dress oneself _help oneself to _talk/speak to oneself _lose oneself _反身代词u 常用的由反身代词构成的短语for oneself 亲自be oneself （人）处于正常状态，身心自在by oneself 独自teach oneself 自学enjoy oneself 过

14、得愉快dress oneself 自己穿衣服help oneself to 随便吃/用talk/speak to oneself 自言自语lose oneself 迷路；入迷反身代词句子翻译练习：1.These girls enjoyed themselves in the party last night._2.We must learn English by ourselves._3.Believe yourself.Youre better than anyone else._4.Help yourself to some fish,Jack._反身代词练一练：1.The farmer

15、grow these tomatoes _.(they)2.The boy is too young.He cant look after _.(he)3.Thats not _,it is _,I made it_.(he,I,I)4.On the way to Mount Heng,the scenery was so beautiful that all of us lost _(we)in it.5.Its too dangerous for the young children to play near the river by _(they).反身代词答案：1.themselves

16、.2.himself3.his;mine;myself4.ourselves5.themselves总结：练习1.-Are these_ coats?-No,they arent._ are here.A.your,Ours B.your,We C.you,Ours D.you,Our2.Dont lose_ in computer games,boys.A.yourself B.yourselves C.himself D.themselves3.Mikes words are different from_.We really cant agree with_.A.ours,him B.o

17、urs,hes C.us,him D.us,his练习4.I found _ not easy to get on with him.A.that B.it C.this D.one5.I have some apples here.You can have_.A.one B.it C.that D.those6.Hello,_ is Jenny speaking.May I speak to Mr.Li?Hold on,please.A.this B.that C.these D.those练习答案：1.A.2.B3.A4.B5.A6.APART 02PART 02指示代词指示代词指示代词专

18、门用来指示或标示人和物单数复数this 这个these 这些that 那个those 那些e.g.This gift is for you and that is for your brother.I love these books but I dont like those.指示代词用法口诀：this,these靠近我；that,those远离我；this,that 指单数;these,those指复数。指示代词u 打电话时,“this”意为“我”；“that”意为“你”e.g.This is Kate.Whos that?我是凯特，你是谁？This is Jim.我是吉姆。注意：this

19、 is 是不能缩写的。that is的缩写形式是thats.Thiss Wu Yifan.()This is Wu Yifan.()指示代词u 在回答主语是this,that的一般疑问句时，答语中用it 来代替问句中的this或that;u 回答主语是these,those的一般疑问句时，用they 来代替these和those.e.g.Is that a basketball?Yes,it is.Are those your shoes?Yes,_ _.指示代词u表示比较时用that代指前文出现的不可数名词,可数名词复数用those代指。e.g.The weather in China is

20、 quite different from that in USA.Subjects for middle school students in China are a little more difficult than those in the US.指示代词练一练：(用this,that,those,these完成1，2题)1.These keys are mine._ are yours.2.Whats _?Its an egg.3.That is her parent.(改为复数形式）_ _ her _.指示代词答案：1.those2.this3.Those;are;parents4

21、.5.指示代词u it one 和 that 区别it 用于“同名同物”。I left my key in my drawer,but today it is gone.（it指上文提到过的key)one 用于“同名异物”；其复数形式是ones.I dont like this type of computer.Could you show me a better one?(one指computer,但不是上文提到过的那种)指示代词u it one 和that区别that 用法1.用于“同名异物”；2.that可以代替可数名词单数，也可替代不可数名词，只能指事物；3.复数形式是those,只代

22、替可数名词复数，可指人或物。The weather in Guangzhou is hotter than that in Beijing in summer.(that指the weather,但不是同一地区的）指示代词练一练：1.The population of Shanghai is larger than _of Jinan.A.that B.this C.it D.one2.We feel _ our duty to make our country a better place.A.it B.one C.this D.that3.Most young people find _

23、exciting to watch a football match.A.it B.this C.that D.one指示代词练一练4._ isnt easy to learn a foreign language well.But dont give it up.A.That B.It C.This D.one5.-Two Evening Papers,please!-Only one copy left.Would you like to have _,sir?A.one B.it C.this D.That 指示代词答案：1.C2.A3.A4.B5.APART 02PART 02不定代词

24、-Would you like some wine?-Yes,please.Id like some.-No,think you.Some milk would be great.Lead-in不定代词的定义 不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词不定代词含义both两者都either两者中的任何一个neither两者都不all三者或三者以上都none三者或三者以上都不each每一个every每一个常用不定代词用法1.Both her parents are teachers.2.Either of the twins can play the guitar.3.Neither of

25、 them is allowed to go out without permission.4.All my family love Ellens show.5.None of my cousins likes him.6.Each of you will get a new toy car.7.Happy new year to every one of you.常用不定代词用法1）some&any2）many与much3）either&neither&both4）few,a few,little,a little5）the other,another,other,others 常用不定代词

26、用法1）some&any 一些，修饰可数名词/不可数名词some-肯定句 There are some girls in the classroom.any -疑问句、否定句和条件句中 There _ _girls in the classroom.一般疑问句：_ there _ girls in the classroom?常用不定代词用法1）some&any 注意：some也可用于疑问句,表示请求、建议、希望得到肯定答复。Would you like _ tea?你想喝点茶吗？Yes，please.好的。any表示强调时，也可以用在肯定句中。Any student can answer t

27、his question.练一练：1.May I have _ water?(请求)2.Do you have _questions?(疑)3.There isnt _ tea left.I ll go and make some for you.(否)4.You can ask me _ question at _ time.(任何一个)常用不定代词用法答案：1.some2.some3.any4.any5.any；any常用不定代词用法常用不定代词用法2）many与muchmany修饰可数名词复数much修饰不可数名词，都可以与表示程度的副词so，too，as，how连用。如：There a

28、re _ mistakes in your test paper.He never eats _ supper.She has _ homework to do.拓展：区分too many ;too much;much tootoo many;too much:表示太多 too many 后接可数名词复数形式too much 后接不可数名词much too 后接形容词或副词表示 “太”常用不定代词用法练一练：1.We have _homework to do every day.A.too many B.too much C.much too2.There are _ rules in my

29、home.A.too many B.too much C.much too3.There are _ people in the shop.So it is_crowded and noisy.A.too many,much too B.too much,too many C.much too,too much常用不定代词用法练一练：4.He eats _ food,so he is _fat.A.too many,much too B.too much,much too C.much too,too much5.Im afraid that this cap is _big for me.A

30、.too many B.too much C.much too常用不定代词用法答案：1.B2.A3.A4.B5.C常用不定代词用法3）either&neither&both i.用作代词 either of-两者任何一个都 （谓语动词用单数）neither of-两者都不（谓语动词用单数）both of-两者都（谓语动词用复数）either of 和neither of +名词/代词复数，做主语时，谓语用单数。如：Either of the books is mine.Neither of us is a musician.both of them enjoy the rice.常用不定代词用

31、法常用不定代词用法 i.用作副词 either意思为也，用于否定句中。I dont like mango,Mary doesnt like it either.neither意思为也不，用于肯定句。He cant swim,neither can I.用作连词 either or 或者或者(两者选其一)（就近原则）neither nor既不也不(两者都不)（就近原则）both and两者都（谓语用复数）_ going to America._ going to America._ going to America.Either you or I amNeither you nor I amBo

32、th you and I are 常用不定代词用法练一练：1.（17/18杭州期中）I e watch TV or play computer games on Saturday evening.2.Kates father _ watches TV _ takes a walk after dinner.A.neither;or B.either;or C.not;not D.not;but 3.Which of the two T-shirts will you take?Ill take _,one for Jim,the other for myself.Aeither Bneithe

33、r Call DBoth 常用不定代词用法答案：1.either2.B3.D4.C常用不定代词用法常用不定代词用法用于可数名词用于不可数名词表示肯定a few（有一点）a little（有一些）表示否定few（没有）little（没有）4）few,a few,little,a littlefew/a few people/apples/sheeplittle/a little water/bread练一练：1.Dont worry.There is _ time left.A.a little B.little C.a few2.You are so great!_ people in the

34、 school can do it.A.A little B.Little C.Few3.There is _ meat in the fridge,please go out and buy some.4.There is only _ meat in the fridge,please go out and buy some.常用不定代词用法答案：1.C2.C3.little4.a little常用不定代词用法常用不定代词用法5)other,another,others,the others The other：另一个，用于两者之间，与one搭配使用。eg:There are two ap

35、ples,one is red,the other is green.Another：另一个，用于三者或三者以上。eg:Id like another hamburger.常用不定代词用法5)other,another,others,the others Other：其他的，后跟名词。eg:Lucy went to library,other student went to museum.eg:Two apple are red,other apples are green.Others：其他的人或物。s=人或物 eg:Lucy went to library,others went to m

36、useum.(others=？）eg:One apple is red,others are green.(others=？）练一练：1.If you want to change for a double room youll have to pay _ 5.A.another B.other C.more D.each2.Tom and Mary have arrived,but students in your class arent here yet.A.other B.others C.the other D.the others3.Could you give me _ chanc

37、e?Ill try my best to finish it.Aother Bthe other Canother Dothers常用不定代词用法答案：1.A2.A3.C2.常用不定代词用法 复合不定代词用法 复合不定代词everyanysomenothingeverything 一切anything任何事物something某物，某事nothing没有东西bodyeverybody每人anybody 任何人somebody某人nobody没有人oneeveryone每人anyone 任何人someone某人none没有人由some,any,no,every与-one,-body,-thing

38、构成复合代词，我们称之为复合不定代词。复合不定代词用法 1)（同some&any）somebody,something,someone用于_ anything,anybody,anyone用于_、_和_ e.g.There is _ outside the door.I dont have _ to say today.Is there _ in the room？复合不定代词用法注意：some的复合不定代词也可用于疑问句,表示请求、建议、希望得到肯定答复。Would you like _to drink?你想喝点什么吗？Yes，please.好的。any表示强调时，也可以用在肯定句中。Can

39、 you tell me what you know?Anything is ok.复合不定代词用法2).复合不定代词+形容词（后置）I want to try something delicious.复合不定代词+to do（后置）Would you like something to eat?3)不定代词做主语时，谓语动词动单数 Everyone is here.练一练：1.-Did you buy _ special?-Yes,I bought _ for my father.-No,I didnt buy _.(I bought nothing)2._ is singing in th

40、e next room.3.Does _ live in the old house?4.Did you go out with _?复合不定代词用法 答案：1.anything,something,anything2.Someone3.anyone4.anyone复合不定代词用法 5.I had no idea which was better,so I took _ of them.A.any B.every C.none D.both6.The examination was easy,wasnt it?Yes,but I dont think _ could pass it.A.som

41、ebody B.anybody C.nobody D.everybody7.Whats your plan for the coming vacation?Id like to go .A.anywhere relaxing B.somewhere relaxingC.relaxing anywhere D.relaxing somewhere8.I dont understand the story though there are _ new words in it.Aa few B a little Cfew Dlittle练一练 答案：5.D6.D7.B8.A练一练总结PART 03PART 03SummarySummary代词人称代词物主代词指示代词反身代词主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词指近：this,these指远：that,thosemyself,yourself,himself,herself等不定代词常用不定代词辨析复合不定代词用法