2022年中考英语复习-语法体系ppt课件.pptx

1、语法到底是干啥的？单词语法句子a、an、the 冠词 dog 狗bark 吠叫angrily 生气地friendly 友好的me 我语言的法则 或 说话的习惯The friendly dog barks at me angrily.=+句子什么怎么地了主语谓语+人/事/物动作（广义、狭义）状态类实义动词各种补充+主语谓语+各种补充+由动作决定1.主谓没有动作的承受者A dog barks.2.主谓宾有一个动作的承受者A dog bites a rabbit.3.主谓宾宾有两个动作的承受者A dog gives me a rabbit.4.主谓宾补有一个动作的承受者和补语A dog makes

2、me happy.5.主系表/主谓补没有动作承受者，起连系作用The dog is friendly.（不及物动词）（及物动词）（宾语）（及物动词）（间宾）（直宾）（及物动词）（宾语）（宾补）（系动词）（表语/主补）谓语狭义的动作（实义动词）广义的动作（连系动词）（基本的）句子成分1.主谓A dog barks.2.主谓宾A dog bites a rabbit.3.主谓宾宾A dog gives me a rabbit.4.主谓宾补A dog makes me happy.5.主系表/主谓补The dog is friendly.五大基本句型（修饰的）句子成分（基本的）句子成分（修饰的）句子

3、成分+主干枝叶1.定语给名词下定义的The angry dog barked.The dog behind the tree barked.The dog which is barking is mine.定语定语定语形容词性质的词、短语、句子作定语（修饰的）句子成分2.状语给动词下定义的The dog barked angrily.The dog barked in anger.The dog barked when I was sleeping.状语状语状语副词性质的词、短语、句子作状语（修饰的）句子成分3.同位语用一个名词（或其他形式）解释或补充说明另一个名词The lovely dog

4、,my best friend,bites a rabbit.同位语Answer my question whether you are coming.同位语（修饰的）句子成分主谓宾宾补表（主补）定状同位8大句子成分1.主谓A dog barks.2.主谓宾A dog bites a rabbit.3.主谓宾宾A dog gives me a rabbit.4.主谓宾补A dog makes me happy.5.主系表/主谓补The dog is friendly.简单句句子简单句并列句复合句句子简单句简单句+I love him andhe loves me.I love him buth

5、e doesnt love me.I love him sohe loves me too.并列连词表示并列、转折、选择、因果等关系并列句简单句主谓宾复合句主谓宾（主语是一个句子）（宾语是一个句子）主 谓 宾主 谓 宾主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、同位语都可以用句子代替，构成对应的从句复合句主（句子）That a man bites a dogisa shocking news.Iknowthat the dog behind the tree is mine.系表主谓宾（句子）复合句单词+语法=句子1.主谓A dog barks.2.主谓宾A dog bites a rabbit.3.主谓宾宾A dog gives me a rabbit.4.主谓宾补A dog makes me happy.5.主系表/主谓补The dog is friendly.五大基本句型（基本的）句子成分（修饰的）句子成分主、谓、宾、宾补、表（主补）定、状、同位简单句（包含一个基本句型）并列句/复合句（包含多个基本句型）并列/嵌套的方式组合