2022年中考英语复习之现在完成时ppt课件.pptx
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1、语法专项复习语法专项复习时态时态现在完成时现在完成时时态名称谓语动词的表现形式一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时(了解)现在完成时过去完成时(了解)am/is/are/do/第三人称单数形式doesdid(谓语动词用过去式)am/is/are+doingwas/were+doingwill+do(动词原形)would+do(动词原形)have/has+donehad+done(过去分词)用法表示平时经常或习惯性动作 过去做过某事现在正在做某事过去正在做某事现在将要做某事过去将要做某事到现在已经做某事到过去已经做某事八种时态八种时态现在完成时现在完成时现在完成时的构成:
2、助动词现在完成时的构成:助动词 have(has)+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词 动词过去分词的规则变化同过去式的规则规则变化相同(played,moved,studied,stopped)不规则变化见不规则动词表肯定句:主语+have/has+V-ed+其他否定句:主语+havent/hasnt+V-ed+其他一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+V-ed+?肯定答语:Yes,主格代词+have/has.否定答语:No,主格代词+havent/hasnt.1.表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。I have finished my work.We have set up many new f
3、actories.2.动作发生在过去,强调对现在的结果、影响等。Have you ever seen the film“Harry Potter”?3.表示动作发生在过去,并且一直持续到现在,甚至还可能继续下去,句中使用持续性动词,且常有表示一段时间的时间状语。We havent seen each other for ten years.4.现在完成时可以用在条件或时间状语从句中,表示将来某个时刻之前已经完成的动作。Ill go home as soon as I have finished my homework.1.Astronauts have already been to the
4、moon.2.Ive just mad a model spaceship.3.No one has been to Mars yet.4.Have you ever won any prizes before?5.So far they have learnt to speak Arabic.6.Have you ever thought about other comptitions?7.I have never been to the Great Wall.8.They have been to the Summer Palace twice.9.Have you heard from
5、them recently?10.Many changes have taken place in China in the last few years.现在完成时标志词有:already(已经,肯定句句中或句尾),yet(已经,疑问句句尾;还,否定句句尾)just(刚刚,肯定句或疑问句句中)before(以前,句尾)so far(到目前为止,句首或句尾)ever(曾经,肯定句或疑问句句中)never(从不,否定句句中)recently(近来,肯定句或疑问句句尾in the last few years/during the last/past few years(在过去的几年里)1.alr
6、eady、yet、just、before、so far、ever、never、twice、recently、in the last few years、during the last/past few years【学以致用】请根据句意用already,yet,just填空。The students havent finished their homework _.We have _ seen this book.Lisa has _ finished her lunch,but she hasnt washed the bowls _.I havent returned the book to
7、 the library _.Your classroom is so clean(形容词).Oh,we have _ cleaned it.yetalreadyalreadyyetyetjust2.标志词for和since:现在完成时表示动作发生在过去,并且一直持续到现在。常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语,提问常用how long,意为“多久,多长时间”。,1、“for+一段时间”与现在完成时连用时,表示某事持续了多长时间。如:They have learned English for six years.他们学英语已经六年了。2、since引导的时间状语也可以和现在完成时连用,
8、表示事情从过去的某个时间开始持续到现在。其用法为:介词since+过去某一时间点。He has been in China since 2002.介词since+一段时间+ago。She has taught us English since three years ago.连词since+时间状语从句(一般过去时)We havent heard from our English teacher since he moved to Beijing.注意:for和since为标志的现在完成时的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。6.Marcus is our foreign teacher.He _ ou
9、r school for two years.A.went 6.Marcus is our foreign teacher.He _ our school for two years.A.went 6.Marcus is our foreign teacher.He _ our school for two years.A.went B.has been to C.has been in D.has gone toB.has been to C.has been in D.has gone toB.has been to C.has been in D.has gone to【即时训练】1.用
10、since和for填空1.He has lived in Nanjing _ three years ago.2.Ive known him _ we were children.3.Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years.4.She has been away from the city _ about ten years.5.Its about ten years _ she left the city.四.瞬间动词到延续性动词的转换:瞬间动词到延续性动词的转换:arrive be here been here begin(start)
11、be on been on arrive be here been here begin(start)be on been on diebe dead been dead come back be back been back diebe dead been dead come back be back been back leave be away been away go out be out been outleave be away been away go out be out been outget up be up been up finish be over been over
12、get up be up been up finish be over been overput onput onwear/be onwear/be on worn worn 或或been on open be open been openbeen on open be open been openclose be closed been closed borrow keep keptclose be closed been closed borrow keep keptbuyhave had begin to study study studiedbuyhave had begin to s
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