2022年中考英语复习形容词和副词ppt课件.pptx

1、形容词和副词比较级和最高级The doctors are great.形容词They work hard to save the patients lives.副词hard 请你思考：什么是形容词和副词？形容词用于修饰名词，表示人或事物的属性或 特征等。副词是用来说明动作或状态的特征,说明时间，地点，程度等概念。它用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或句子。CONTENTS目录1.形容词和副词基本用法2.比较级和最高级变化规则3.比较级和最高级的用法形容词的分类用于表示人或物所具有的性质。在英语中，大量的形容词属于这一类别，多数有比较级和最高级，有程度大小的区别，可以使用程度副词修饰。funny滑

2、稽的，lovely可爱的，healthy健康的用于阐明人或事物所属的特定类别。这一类形容词往往没有程度大小的区别、没有比较级和最高级，而且不使用程度副词修饰。financial经济的，mental脑力的，cultural文化的用于表示事物颜色的形容词。这一类形容词没有比较级和最高级。blue蓝色的，green绿色的，white白色的颜色形容词这类形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰，大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。afraid害怕的，alone单独的，asleep睡着的，worth值得的，ill病的叙述形容词英语中有些表情感态度的动词，如ex

3、cite，worry，其过去分词和现在分词可形容词化，即相当于形容词。worried担优的，worrying令人担忧的，exciting令人兴奋的，excited感到兴奋的分词形容词指的是由几个词共同构成并起形容词作用的词。three-year-old三岁的，ordinary-looking相貌普通的，middle-aged中年的复合形容词副词的分类副词按词汇意义可分为：1.时间副词：today,early,soon,now,then,recently,still Its beginning to rain now!现在开始下雨了！1）表示发生时间的副词：She often changes h

4、er mind.她常改变主意。2）表示频繁程度的副词，也称频度副词always,often,usually,sometimes,never,ever,hardly等一般位于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实义动词之前。He has just had an operation.他刚动过手术。3）还有一些其他表示时间的副词：2.地点副词：here,there,out,somewhere,abroad,home She is studying abroad.她在国外留学。1）有不少表示地点的副词：用作介词：Stand up!起立用作副词：A cat climbed up the tree.猫爬上了树。

5、2）还有一些部分与介词同形的副词。它们与介词同形，后跟宾语的是介词，否则是副词：Its the same everywhere.到处都一样。3）以where构成的副词也是地点副词：3.方式副词：well,fast,slowly,carefully,quickly She smiled gratefully.她感激的笑了笑。He left the town secretly.他悄然离开了这座城市。3）还有一些以-ly结尾的副词，表示动作发生的状况：4.程度副词：very,much,enough,almost,rather,quite5.频度副词：always,often,usually,some

6、times,seldom,never6.疑问副词：where,how,why7.否定副词：no,not,neither,nor8.其他副词：also,too,only（）1.I _ have breakfast at 7:00.But _ its 7:20.Im having my breakfast.ABC usually;often often;usually sometimes;often解析：本题的前半句表示经常性的行为，可用频率副词。本题的后半句表示的是正在进行的动作，通常和now连用，故本题选D。DCusually;now 练一练：（）2.George is very health

7、y.He _ goes to the doctor.always seldom often解析：句意：George非常健康，他很少去看医生。A总是；B很少；C经常；D通常；根据句意，故选B。Busually练一练：形容词和副词基本用法I have a .I always my .There is a near my house.The food .beautiful housemakecleanfamous restaurantis delicioushouseShe is a .（定语）形容词+名词她是个善良的女孩儿。kind girl（表语）This book .The food .be/

8、look/feel/smell/taste/sound/become.+形容词这本书挺有趣。食物可口。tastes goodis interesting（宾语补足语）Dont make .宾语+形容词不要让你父母生气。angryyour parents形容词的位置：形容词+名词be/become/taste/look/feel/+形容词宾语+形容词Tom is a boy.He is good at writing,he wrote .And he in sports.Not very funnyvery welldoes wellsurprisingly,he at thesport mee

9、ting.ran fast（状语）He .他工作努力。works hard动词+副词Im with my homework.副词+形容词very busy我忙于做我的作业。（状语）She speaks English .副词+副词她非常大声地说英语。very loudly（状语）修饰整个句子Mary gets a good chance.Luckily,很幸运，Mary得到了一个好机会。副词的位置：动词+副词副词+形容词副词+副词副词，+句子quickquicklybusybusilyposiblepossiblytruetrulyquick-ly-ily去e-lysadbusyterribl

10、ecomfortableangryeasyhappytruekindloudpossiblequicklysadlykindlyloudlyy结尾，y变i，加lyle结尾，去e加yue结尾，去e加lybusilyangrilyeasilyhappilyterriblycomfortablytrulypossibly直接加ly思考思考：所有以：所有以-ly-ly结尾的词是不是都是副词？结尾的词是不是都是副词？beautifullyeasilyhappyhappilyeasyShe is a _ girl.beautifulThey play _.This is an _ question.形容词

11、和副词的级别大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级 比较级 最高级形容词和副词比较级和最高级变化规则-er/est-r/st-ier/iest双写-er/estbravetallhappybigheavyhothardnicelateearlynewfinelongthinbusyfewsadbraver/sttaller/esthappier/estbigger/estheavier/esthotter/estharder/estnicer/stlater/stearlier/estnewer/estfiner/stlonger/estthinner/estbusier/estfewer/est

12、sadder/saddestbeautifulmore beautifulmost beautifulinterestingmore interestingmost interesting三音节词，在前面加 more/mostquicklymore quicklymost quickly形容词变副词-ly，在前面加 more/mostclearlymore clearlymost clearly原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/ill/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherf

13、arthest/furthestoldolder elderoldest eldest特殊变形as+adj./adv.原级原级as 和和一样一样我和你一样大。我和你一样大。I am _ you.他跑得不及我快。他跑得不及我快。He _ run _ I.as old asdoesntas/so fast asA+谓语谓语+adj./adv.的比较级的比较级than B A在某方面超过在某方面超过B我比汤姆要高。我比汤姆要高。I am _ Tom(is).你看起来比以前年轻。你看起来比以前年轻。You look _ before.2.比较级的结构比较级的结构taller thanyounger t

14、han比较比较A、B两事物两事物,询问哪一个较询问哪一个较时：时：Which/Who is+比较级比较级？Which T-shirt is nicer,this one or that one?Who is more active,Mary or Kate?the+比较级，比较级，the比较级比较级 越越就越就越你越粗心，犯的错误就越多。你越粗心，犯的错误就越多。The _ you are,the _ mistakes you will make.more carelessmore 比较级比较级+and+比较级比较级 越来越越来越当形容词或副词为当形容词或副词为多音节多音节时，必须用时，必须用

15、more and more+原级原级The population is growing _.越来越快越来越快 The city has become(越来越漂亮越来越漂亮)_.faster and fastermore and more beautifulthe+比较级比较级+of the two 两者中较两者中较的一个的一个He is _(old)of the two boys.This watch is _of the two.the olderthe cheaper less+(多音节词多音节词)原级原级+than=not as/so+原级原级as 不及不及Jim doesnt do i

16、t as carefully as Mary.Jim does _ than Mary.Mary does _ than Jim.less carefullymore carefully表示表示“大大3岁岁”，“长长2米米”时，要用时，要用He is _ than I.他比我大三岁。他比我大三岁。three years olderThe bridge is _ than that one.这条桥比那条长两米。这条桥比那条长两米。two meters longer形容词和副词的比较级的变化不能混淆！形容词和副词的比较级的变化不能混淆！1.以以-er结尾和特殊变化结尾和特殊变化的形容词副词比较级前

17、的形容词副词比较级前面面不能加不能加more2.as as 之间必须用形容词和副词之间必须用形容词和副词原级原级He is more taller than I.(T or F)I can write more better than he.(T or F)I runs as faster as she.(T or F)fast比较级前可用比较级前可用much,far,a lot,a little,even等表示程度等表示程度,不能使用不能使用very，quite.She sings _ better than the others.她比别人要唱得好得多。她比别人要唱得好得多。Now I re

18、ad _ faster than before.我现在读得比以前要快一点。我现在读得比以前要快一点。比较的对象要一致，一般说来同等的两比较的对象要一致，一般说来同等的两个事物才能比较个事物才能比较.His shirt is more expensive than my.(T or F)mine在比较级中，用在比较级中，用that代替上述出现过的代替上述出现过的不可不可数名词数名词，用，用those代替上述出现过的代替上述出现过的复数名词。复数名词。The water in the glass is cleaner than _ in the river.杯子里的水比河里的要干净。杯子里的水比河

19、里的要干净。I like these pictures better than _ on the wall.和墙上的画相比，我更喜欢这些。和墙上的画相比，我更喜欢这些。thatthose3.形容词、副词的最高级形容词、副词的最高级Mary is the tallest girl _ her class/_ the three.Bill reads most clearly _ all the students.这本书最有趣。这本书最有趣。The book is _ of all.在班上她最早到校。在班上她最早到校。She comes to school _ in the class.the m

20、ost interestingearliest比较比较A、B、C三事物三事物,询问哪一个最询问哪一个最时：时：Which/Who is+最高级最高级？Which T-shirt is the nicest,the white one,the green one or the yellow one?Who is the most active,Mary,Alice or Kate?one of the+形容词最高级形容词最高级+名词名词复数复数表示表示“最最之一之一”他是班里最高的学生之一他是班里最高的学生之一.He is _ in the class.one of the tallest st

21、udentsthe+序数词序数词+形容词最高级形容词最高级+名词名词 第第最最它是世界上第二高的建筑物它是世界上第二高的建筑物.It is _ building in the world.the second tallest注注:形容词最高级前一般要加形容词最高级前一般要加the,the,副词最高级前可加可不副词最高级前可加可不加加珠穆朗玛是中国最高的山。珠穆朗玛是中国最高的山。Qomolangma is _ _(high)mountain in China.(同义句同义句)Qomolangma is bigger than _ _ mountains in China.Qomolangma

22、is bigger than _ _ mountain in China.小结：怎样用形容词比较级来表达最高级的意思。小结：怎样用形容词比较级来表达最高级的意思。结构为：结构为：最高级最高级 =比较级比较级+than any other+单数名词单数名词 =比较级比较级+than the other+复数名词复数名词the highestthe otherany other4.原级、比较级、最高级互换原级、比较级、最高级互换改错改错:1.Marys hair is longer than my sister.2.The weather in Beijing is colder than in

23、Shanghai.3.The apples in this basket are better than them in that basket.4.The Yangtze River is longer than any river in China.5.China is larger than any other country in Europe.6.His older brother is elder than I.7.Our country is getting more beautiful and more beautiful.8.This classroom is three t

24、imes as bigger as that one.9.Who is tallest student in our school?10.Which do you like better,apples,bananas or pears?_my sisters_ that _those_any other_any_elder_older_more and more_big_the tallest_(the)best改错改错:11.This box is more heavier than that one.12.Tom is the youngest in the three.13.He is

25、taller of the two.14.Today is our the busiest day.15.I think math is very more difficult than Chinese.16.There are much more people in the street than usual.17.Mike is so tall as Jack.18.Li Ying jumped farther than Jim jumped.19.The Yellow River is the second longer river in China.20.We must get far

26、ther information._heavier_of_the taller_our_much _many_as_(did)_longest _further1.alone 和和lonely 2.good和和well3.interesting3.interesting和和 interested interested 4.much too,too much4.much too,too much和和too manytoo many 5.sometime,some time,sometimes,some times5.sometime,some time,sometimes,some times

27、6.too,also,either,as well6.too,also,either,as well 7.how often,how long,how soon,how far7.how often,how long,how soon,how far (1)how long“多久，多长时间”，是对一个持续的时间段提问，常用“for+段时间”和“since+点时间”回答。例如：How long have you lived in Beijing?For ten years.(2)how soon 多快，多久以后，对一个短暂性动词提问，用于一般将来时的句子中，常用“in+一段时间”回答。例如：Ho

28、w soon will your father come back?He will come back in a week.(3)How often“多久一次”，对频度提问，常用表示频率的词“once,twice,three times a week,often”等回答。例如：How often do you play football?Once a week.(4)How far“多远”，对距离提问。例如：How far is it from here to your home?Only 200 meters away.8.so8.so和和suchsuch的区别的区别 so,such“如此”

29、，常用于“so(such)that”结构，表“如此以致于”,so 修饰形容词或副词，such修饰名词。常见结构为：so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数。例如：She is so nice a girl that everybody likes her.such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数。例如：She is such a nice girl that everybody likes her.such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词。例如：They are such nice girls that everybody likes them.例外：当名词前出现many,much,few,li

30、ttle(少的)时，不能用such，要用so。There are so few people that I feel scared.There was so little water that it was not enough for all of us.（）1.The Changjiang River is the1.The Changjiang River is the river in China.river in China.A.long B.longest C.short D.shortest A.long B.longest C.short D.shortest真题真题 B B（

31、）2.How are you feeling today?2.How are you feeling today?Much _Much _I can go to school next weekI can go to school next week A Agood Bgood Bbetter Cbetter Cbest Dbest DwellwellB B（）3.Steve is good at writing short stories.So he is.But he writes _ than us.So he cant get good grades in writing.A.most

32、 carefully B.more carefully C.less carefullyD.least carefully真题真题 C C（）4.Eighteen kids died in the school bus accident in Gansu Province.Its _ one that I have ever heard of.A.a very serious B.a more serious C.the most serious D.the least seriousC C（）5.5.What do you think of the film So Young directe

33、d by Zhao Wei?What do you think of the film So Young directed by Zhao Wei?Wonderful.I think its _than the other films about youth in recent Wonderful.I think its _than the other films about youth in recent years.years.A.the best B.the worst C.much better D.much worseA.the best B.the worst C.much bet

34、ter D.much worse真题真题 C C（）6.Ive heard that Zhuhai Chimelong Ocean Kingdom is one of _ ocean parks 6.Ive heard that Zhuhai Chimelong Ocean Kingdom is one of _ ocean parks in Asia.in Asia.A.very large B.the larger C.much larger D.the largestA.very large B.the larger C.much larger D.the largestD D（）7.B

35、ob knows how to cut the cost of the project7.Bob knows how to cut the cost of the projectIm sure he can do the work Im sure he can do the work with _ money and _ peoplewith _ money and _ people A Aless lessless less B Bfewer morefewer more C Cmore fewermore fewer D Dless less fewerfewer真题真题 D D（）8.A

36、mong the four seas off the coast of China,East China Sea is the 8.Among the four seas off the coast of China,East China Sea is the second_.second_.A.deep A.deep B.deeper B.deeper C.deepest C.deepest D.the deepest D.the deepestC C（）9.Its believed that playing computer games too much does _ harm 9.Its

37、 believed that playing computer games too much does _ harm than goodthan good A AmanymanyB BmuchmuchC CmoremoreD Dmostmost真题真题 C C（）10.-What do you think of the movie Operation Red Sea10.-What do you think of the movie Operation Red Sea？-Wonderful.Ive never seen a movie_than it -Wonderful.Ive never seen a movie_than itA Amore excited Bmore excited Bmore exciting Cmore exciting Cmost excited Dmost excited Dmost excitingmost excitingB BThanks for listening