2022年中考英语介词复习ppt课件 .pptx

1、介词的主要分类：介词的主要分类：地点介词地点介词方式介词方式介词时间介词时间介词固定搭配固定搭配1.at the cinema,in the hospital _2.write with a pen,go by bus _ 3.in summer,on Septemper 1st _4.by the way,at last,in the end _I、表示时间的常见介词的用法和区别、表示时间的常见介词的用法和区别at,on,inat:用于表示时间的一点或较短的时间，后可搭配表示用于表示时间的一点或较短的时间，后可搭配表示几点、几分、黎明、中午、半夜几点、几分、黎明、中午、半夜等意义的名词或名词

2、等意义的名词或名词短语。短语。at 6:15.at 7 oclock,at noon,at breakfast,at dinner,at midnight,at dawn,at the beginning of the week,at night注：注：at 还可以表示：年龄、速度、温度还可以表示：年龄、速度、温度等。等。at18(at the age of 18),at fifty kilometers an hour,at 18on 用于日或特定日的早晚、上下午、节假日、星期等。用于日或特定日的早晚、上下午、节假日、星期等。on a winter evening,on a cold mor

3、ning,on Sunday,on Monday afternoon,on the night of June 6,on Mothers Day,on March 8th,on my birthday.in用于表示时间的一段或较长的时间，用于月、年、用于表示时间的一段或较长的时间，用于月、年、四季、世纪、年代等。四季、世纪、年代等。in the morning/afternoon/evening,in 2008,in May,in summer,in the 1990s,in the 21st century,in five minutes,in seven years,in the futu

4、re注：注：in和和during表示一段时间时，可以互换，但表示一段时间时，可以互换，但during 更强调时间的延续。更强调时间的延续。The shop is closed during the whole June.He has travelled to many cities in his life.He visited many cities in/during the holiday.ononatininIts a holiday(1)_ Wednesday.Erics birthday is(2)_October 6th.Im going to see the doctor(3)_

5、 three oclock this afternoon.I always take Eddie for a walk(4)_the evening.We have a long holiday(5)_October.onononininInat1.We play basketball _Mondays.2.The game starts _four oclock.3._winter we go to the cinema _Saturdays.4.I do my homework _the evenings6.My birthday is _December.7.Christmas is _

6、25th December.inononatat28th OctoberDear WendyHere is what I will do _ the first week of November.I will go to the Reading club(1)_Tuesday and Friday.Our club meeting starts（2）_four oclock(3)_theafternoon and finishes(4)_five.I will play volleyball(5)_Wednesday.during/ininononOn Thursday,I will go t

7、o Kittys flat(6)_the evening.Amys birthday is(7)_ 2nd November so we will have a big party.It is Eddies birthday(8)_ Saturday.I will take him for a long walk!Write soon!Love Mike表示时间的表示时间的since,for,in,after的区别的区别1.His father will be back from London _ a few days.2.-How long has the bookshop been in

8、business?-_ 1987.3.They have been good friends _ more than 10 years.4.Please wait for me.I will be back _ two oclock.5._ two hours rest,he went on walking.since 接过去的某时间点接过去的某时间点,常用于完成时常用于完成时 for 接一段具体的时间接一段具体的时间,常用于完成时常用于完成时 in+一段时间一段时间,多用于多用于将来时将来时 after+一段时间一段时间,常用于过去时常用于过去时*after+时间点，用于一般将来时时间点，用

9、于一般将来时inSince for After after II.表示地点的介词表示地点的介词 at,in,on 的区别的区别 My uncle lives _ 116 Changhe Street.His room is _ the sixth floor.A.at;on B.to;at C.on;in D.of;to at 表示在较小的地方表示在较小的地方(村庄村庄,小城镇小城镇,门牌门牌);在某物旁在某物旁(不确定的地方不确定的地方)in 表示在较大的地方表示在较大的地方(国家国家,城市城市);在某物范围内在某物范围内.in Shanghai,in China,in a bus,in t

10、he classroom on 表示在某物上表示在某物上(表面接触表面接触):on the road,in/on the street,on the second floor,in the building,on the farm,in the field.A填上正确的地方介词：inatbyinonininoutsideonin/on 1.在广州在广州 _ Guangzhou 2.在电影院在电影院 _ the cinema3.在湖边在湖边 _ the lake 4.在海里在海里 _ the sea5.树上的苹果树上的苹果 apples _ the tree6.树上的小鸟树上的小鸟 birds

11、_ the tree7.在天空上在天空上 _ the sky8.在教室外在教室外 _ the classroom9.在农场上在农场上 _ the farm10.在街道上在街道上 _ the streetIII.表示方式的介词：表示方式的介词：by,with,in,onby 表示某种交通工具。有时可与表示某种交通工具。有时可与in,on互换；互换；with 表示用工具、手段或伴随状况；表示用工具、手段或伴随状况；in 表示用某种语言；表示用某种语言；on 表示通过媒介。表示通过媒介。I always go to school _foot,but sometimes _bus(=_a bus).M

12、y father often goes to work _car(=_his car).He is writing a composition _ a pen.I like to sleep_ the windows open in summer.You must write the letter _ English,not Chinese.At present,people can learn English _/over TV(_ the radio).Youre wanted _ the phone just now.onbyon/inbyinwithwithinononon方式介词短语

13、方式介词短语使用工具用介词使用工具用介词 with使用器官用介词使用器官用介词 with使用语言用介词使用语言用介词 in使用声音用介词使用声音用介词 in使用方法用介词使用方法用介词 in1.write with a pen,cut with a knife,lock with a lock _2.see with our eyes,do with our hands,smell with our noses,eat with our mouths _3.in English,in French,in your own words,in three languages _4.in a lou

14、d voice,in a low voice,in a tired voice _5.in this way,in these ways,in different ways,_使用交通工具用使用交通工具用 byintoon在中国内部在中国内部在中国外部在中国外部两地接壤两地接壤固定搭配固定搭配6.by bike,by bus,by train,by plane,by ship,by car(on foot)by land 陆路，陆路，by sea 水路，水路，by air 空运空运 _ 但：但：on the bike,on the bus,on the train,on the plane,o

15、n the ship,in the car7.Shanghai lies _the east of China.()Japan lies _the east of China.()Hubei lies _the north of Hunan.()8.in a red coat,the girl in yellow,the boy in white _9.lie in bed,after a while,in the sun,with the help of ()表示穿什么颜色的衣服用表示穿什么颜色的衣服用inV.表示运动方向或目的的介词表示运动方向或目的的介词 1._ the gate and

16、 youll find the entrance _ the park _ the other side.A.Through;to;on B.Along;of;on C.Down;to;at D.Up;of;by2.Early _ the morning of May 1,we started off _ the mountain village.A.in;for B.in;to C.on;/D.on;for across 表示穿过物体表面表示穿过物体表面,或横过或横过.go across the road through 表示在某一空间通过表示在某一空间通过,或纵向穿过或纵向穿过.along

17、 表示沿着一条线平行表示沿着一条线平行.walk along/down the road to 表示动作的目的地表示动作的目的地;towards指朝向指朝向,无到达的意思无到达的意思;for表示前往的目的表示前往的目的,连用的动词有连用的动词有leave for,start off for,set out for,sail for 等等.ADVI.表示除表示除之外的介词之外的介词 besides 表示包含表示包含,除除 之外还有之外还有 except 表示排除表示排除,除除 之外之外 but 表示排除表示排除,多与多与nobody,none,no one,nothing,no,anything

18、,everyone,all,who 等连用等连用.1._ basketball,I also like playing Pingpong.2.You have no choice _ work hard.3.He could do nothing _wait for his parents to come back.4.Everyone went to the zoo yesterday_ Tom,for he was ill.BesidesbutbutexceptVII.介词介词 among 和和 between 的区别的区别_the subjects,I like English best

19、.Tim sits _ Jim and Tom.among 表示三个或以上的人或物之间表示三个或以上的人或物之间,后接复数名词后接复数名词 或集体名词或集体名词.between 用于两者之间用于两者之间,或三个以上的两两之间或三个以上的两两之间(具体具体 的名词已经列出的名词已经列出).betweenAmong 牢记固定搭配的含介词的牢记固定搭配的含介词的短语短语:(1)介词短语介词短语 at breakfast from now on on ones way to at first in the end in front of at last in the middle of at leas

20、t on time instead of at once on foot out of at the same time by the way in the way on the way(to)1.动词动词+介词介词 think about/of/out/up/over,worry about,look for/at/over/up/after/like,get to/up/out,laugh at,belong to,take part in,take after,take care of,take off,go onwith,hear from/about/of,wait for,catc

21、h up with,come from,pay for,do well in,fall behind,thankforarrive at/to,laugh at 2.形容词形容词+介词介词be angry with sb,be angry/mad at sth,be careful with,be full of(be filled with),be late for,be different from,be good at,be proud of(take pride in),be afraid of,be sure of,be worried about,be surprised at,b

22、e covered with,be annoyed with sb,be short of(缺乏缺乏)3.动词动词+名词名词+介词介词have a look at,have a drink of,make room for,make fun of,play a joke on4.其他短语其他短语instead of,away form,next to,according to,far from,together with,because of,thanks to,with the help of,cut up,turn off/down/up/on,run out of,use up,a bi

23、t of,all over the world,as usual,by the way,on the way,call on,drop by,make plans for,get on/off,get on/along with,give up,hand in,hang out,in the end,by the end of,at the end of,knock at/on,live on,go through,grow up切记：介词后常用人称代词的宾格切记：介词后常用人称代词的宾格 或或 动词的动词的-ing形式形式1.You must take care of her,the new

24、 student.2.You must take care of yoursleves.3.Thank you a lot for helping me so much.中考精选题中考精选题1._ this experience,David learnt an importantlesson,“Neighbors are people who help each other.”A.About B.From C.To D.Of (2004 杭州杭州)本题主要考查灵活运用介词短语的能力。本题主要考查灵活运用介词短语的能力。一般同学都知道一般同学都知道learn from这一短语，但本题的关键这一短

25、语，但本题的关键是句子顺序并非常规，而是作了调整。假如能发现这点，是句子顺序并非常规，而是作了调整。假如能发现这点，并知道这句话其实就是并知道这句话其实就是 David learnt an important lessonfrom this experience那么问题就迎刃而解了。那么问题就迎刃而解了。2.-How long have you been in this city?-_ twenty years.A.Before B.After C.Since D.For（2004 绍兴）绍兴）本题主要考查用介词本题主要考查用介词for来表示一段时间的用法。来表示一段时间的用法。for跟表示一

26、段时间的词组常用于现在完成时，假如本题跟表示一段时间的词组常用于现在完成时，假如本题的回答变为的回答变为Since twenty years ago 也是可以的。也是可以的。3.Who will give ua a talk tomorrow?-Yang Liwei.The talk is _ his trip to space.A.In B.about C.at D.of (2004 金华金华)本题主要考查介词本题主要考查介词about作作“关于关于”这一意思时的用法。这一意思时的用法。能考虑到能考虑到“这个演讲是关于他的太空之旅这个演讲是关于他的太空之旅”这一点，就能这一点，就能选出正确的

27、答案选出正确的答案 B。在在岁时岁时 _ the age of 有时有时 _ times 开始开始,在在起初起初 _ the beginning of 此刻此刻 _ the moment=now 在在结尾结尾,在在尽头尽头_ the end of 例如例如 _ example 匆忙地匆忙地 _ a hurry 到到的时候的时候 _ the time 从从到到 _ 在户外在户外,在野外在野外 _ the open air atatatatatforinbyfromtoin 相邻，靠近相邻，靠近 next _ 将来将来 _ the future 由于由于,幸亏幸亏 thanks _ 过了一会儿过了

28、一会儿 _ a while 在地球上在地球上 _ the earth 遍及遍及 all_ 下课下课/放学放学/下班后下班后 _ class/school/work 展出展出 _ show/display 值日值日 _ duty 独立独立,单独单独 all _ oneself 令令(某人某人)惊讶惊讶 _ ones surprisetointoafteronafterononbytoover arrive _/_a place find _ get on _ be afraid _ sth.give _ be angry _ sb.hand _ be busy _ sth.be ready _

29、be full _ be good _ be interested _ be late _ grow _ eat _ inatwithupinforatforupupoutofwithwithofinget back/on/off/up come from/down come in/on/out/backRemember and translate:hear from ring up hold on send up 发射发射 hurry up stop sb.from doing sth.knock at/on take down/out/off laugh at take part in l

30、isten to think about look after/at/for/up/out try on take care of turn on/off make friends with wait for pay for wake up put on/up write down put sth.down worry about用适当的介词填空用适当的介词填空1.Jack will go to Beijing_ a few days.2.I have lived in Wenzhou _ 2003.3._ the morning of last Saturday,Tom got up _ f

31、ive oclock.4.Mr Green will go back to the USA _ air.5.There is a boy reading a book_ the tree.6.We met _ the foot of Huagai Hill.7.Please fill the bottles _ water.8.Mother tried many ways to stop Father _smoking.9.Dont laugh_ people when they are _ trouble.10.Oh,dear!Theres something wrong_the TV.inatfromwithatbyunderatOn sincewithin