2022年中考英语二轮复习ppt课件定语从句(2).pptx

1、江西高安黄沙中学定语从句（一）定语从句（一）定语：修饰(或限制)名词或代词的成分。名词、动词、代词、形容词、数量词等都可以做定语，如 a book a good bookmy booktwo bookssome books on the deskgood ,my two some ,on the desk 在这里都是定语，修饰名词bookThis is a bookMy mother gave to me as my birthday gift.a book This is a book _ my mother gave to me as my birthday gifta book that

2、/which先行词关系代词This is a book that my mother gave me as my birthday gift.将下列两个句子合并成定语从句I like the musicI can dance to the music.定语从句I like the music that I can dance to定语从句，当先行词指物时，关系代词用 that 或which,注意，限定性定语从句必须紧挨着先行词The book was fantasticI read the book last night.The book_ was fantastic.定语从句定语从句The

3、book that I read last night was very fantasticThe dictionary is convenient for usThis dictionary is available in electronic formThe dictionary _ is convenient for us.The dictionary which is available in electronic form is convenient for us当先行词指人时，关系代词用who,that 当关系代词在从句中作宾语时，也可以用whomThe girl is my si

4、ster.She spoke to you just now.The girl _is my sister.The girl who spoke to you just now is my sister.A musician is a person.The person plays an instrument or writes songs.A musician is a person _Do you know the man?My geography teacher is talking to him.Do you know the man_?who plays an instrument

5、or writes songs.Do you know the man who my geography teacher is talking to.Do you know the man that my geography teacher is talking to.Do you know the man whom my geography teacher is talking toDo you know the man my geography teacher is talking toDo you know the man to whom my geography teacher is

6、talking 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，可以省略关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时，介词可以移到关系代词的前面，这时关系代词指人时只能用whom,指物时只能用whichI like the room in which I used to live.对于先行词指物时，关系代词which 与that 的使用要求，一般可以通用，但也有特殊情况，那在这些特殊情况下如何区别呢？在做选择题时，that,which 同时存在选项中，一般先判断which,介词后面选which,逗号后面选which,这是非限定性定语从句。除此之外，选that.这只是解题的小窍门，登不上大雅之堂哦whose 谁的。一般与物主代词

7、，名词所有格处于同等位置谁的。一般与物主代词，名词所有格处于同等位置eg:Whose room is this?This is my room.This is Lileis room.表表示所属关系。因此示所属关系。因此whose 在定语从句中也是关系代词，在定语从句中也是关系代词，它与后面的名词一起合作，充当从句中的主语或宾语。它与后面的名词一起合作，充当从句中的主语或宾语。其先行词可以是其先行词可以是人人也可以是也可以是物物I like the book.The cover of the book is beautiful.I like the book_ cover is beautif

8、ul.whoseDo you know the girl?Her composition won the first prize.Do you know the girl_Do you know the girl _ composition won the first prize.whoseI want a room.The window of the room faces the sea.I want a room _ window faces the sea.whose注意在定语从句关系代词的选择时，whose 有一个明显的特点，就是whose 不可以单独存在，它后面必须有一个名词。如上文

9、中whose composition ,whose window.在限定性定语从句中关系代词在限定性定语从句中关系代词 that，which，who，whom，whose+名词名词在从句中充当主语或宾语，位于先行词的右边，紧挨着在从句中充当主语或宾语，位于先行词的右边，紧挨着先行词。先行词。which指物指物,who,whom 指人，指人，that 既可指人既可指人 也可指物，但不能位于介词与逗号后面，也可指物，但不能位于介词与逗号后面，whose 表示所属关系，先行词可以是表示所属关系，先行词可以是人人也可以是也可以是物物某某的，后面必须有相对应的名词。某某的，后面必须有相对应的名词。tha

10、t,which,who,whom,在从句中作宾语时，可以省略。在从句中作宾语时，可以省略。但介词提前时但介词提前时 不可以省略不可以省略,而且，介词后面关系代词只用而且，介词后面关系代词只用which或或whom如如:He still remember the day on which he visited the Great Wall.Do you remember the boy with whom you played in the countryside ten years ago?用合适的关系代词填空，完成下列定语从句用合适的关系代词填空，完成下列定语从句that which who

11、 whom whose1,The tall man_ is standing over there is my elder brother2,The dog _ was lost has been found.3,The boys _ names were called stood up.4,I still remember the time during _ we lived in Northeast China.5 we should help the children_ parents have left their hometown to big cities for making a

12、 living.6,The thief for _ the police were searching was caught at last.7,I really like the family photo_ we took on my 10th birthday.that/whothat/whichwhosewhichwhosewhomthat/which/不填定语从句（二）定语从句（二）关系副词关系副词where when why 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句及物动词与不及物动词及物动词与不及物动词英语谓语动词根据后面是否直接接宾语可分为及物动词与不及物动词及物动词：后面直接跟宾语，如：l

13、ike ,eat ,drink,enjoy 等句型结构是 主语+谓语动词+宾语I like English.They enjoy reading.不及物动词：后面不可以直接跟宾语，如：look,live die,happen等 句型结构是 主语+谓语 The old man died.An accident happened.不及物动词后面要接宾语必须接相应的介词，如live They lived in an old house in their teens.主语谓语地点状语时间状语Mr.Green wants to visit the old house.格林先生想去参观他们十多岁时住过的老

14、房子Mr.Green wants to visit the old house_ they lived in their teens.先行词先行词不及物动词不及物动词where关系副词将下列句子合并成定语从句（where）1.The book is on the desk.You left it on the desk.2,I still remember the village.We worked in the village ten years ago.当先行词在从句中做时间状语时，关系代词用当先行词在从句中做时间状语时，关系代词用when.Do you remember the day?

15、We picked the apples on the day.Do you remember the day_ we picked the apples?whenI dont forget the year_ I studied and lived with my best friends and teachers.when当先行词在从句中做原因状语时，关系代词用当先行词在从句中做原因状语时，关系代词用why,先行词通常为先行词通常为reasonHe told me the reason_ he didnt come to the party.whyHe didnt tell me the

16、reason_ he was late for class.why关系副词when,where,why 在从句中分别作时间状语，地点状语，原因状语。当先行词在从句中做时间状语时，关系代词用当先行词在从句中做时间状语时，关系代词用when.Do you remember the day?We picked the apples on the day.Do you remember the day_ we picked the apples?whenI dont forget the year_ I studied and lived with my best friends and teache

17、rs.when当先行词在从句中做原因状语时，关系代词用当先行词在从句中做原因状语时，关系代词用why,先行词通常为先行词通常为reasonHe told me the reason_ he didnt come to the party.whyHe didnt tell me the reason_ he was late for class.why关系副词when,where,why 在从句中分别作时间状语，地点状语，原因状语。不及物动词后面要接宾语必须接相应的介词，如live They lived in an old house in their teens.主语谓语地点状语时间状语Mr.

18、Green wants to visit the old house.Mr.Green wants to visit the old house_ they lived in their teens.先行词先行词不及物动词不及物动词where关系副词关系副词when,where,why 在从句中分别作时间状语，地点状语，原因状语。相当于介词+which介词介词in的宾语的宾语Mr.Green wants to visit the old house in_ they lived in their teenswhich关系副词when,where,why 在从句中分别作时间状语，地点状语，原因状

19、语。相当于介词+which1,Do you remember the day_ we picked the apples?2,Do you know the reason_ he didnt come to the party.3,He will never forget the mountain_ they had a party happily.whenon whichwhyfor whichwhereon which1,Do you remember the day_ we picked the apples?2,Do you know the reason_ he didnt come

20、 to the party.3,He will never forget the mountain_ they had a party 相同的先行词，在从句中充当的成分不同，使用的关系词也不相同。在从句中做主语或宾语，用关系代词，在从句中做状语，用关系副词_we spent together happily_he told to the teacher_they climbed happilywhenthat/whichthat/whichthat/whichwhywhere1,Do you remember the day_ we picked the apples?2,Do you know the reason_ he didnt come to the party.3,He will never forget the mountain_ they had a party 相同的先行词，在从句中充当的成分不同，使用的关系词也不相同。在从句中做主语或宾语，用关系代词，在从句中做状语，用关系副词_we spent together happily_he told to the teacher_they climbed happilywhenthat/whichthat/whichthat/whichwhywhereHomework 语法全练语法全练 定语从句定语从句