2022年中考英语常见简单五种时态ppt课件.pptx

1、语法专题动词的时态动词的时态Your content to play here,or through youy,content to play here,or through your copy,paste in this box,and select paste in this box,and Our teachers always give us lots of pratical tips.The skill-training teachers come from different areas.Do you want to speak fluently in English?找共同点一般

2、现在时一般现在时 【含义】表示经常发生的动作或现在存在的状态【结构】由动词原形构成，但当主语是第三人称单数的时候，动词原形后要加-s或-es.常与一般现在时连用的典型词语有：always总是,usually通常,often经常,sometimes有时,never从不，every+时间，on Sundays,in the morning/evening等。判断下列主语是否是第三人称单数:my friend he Mary his sisters the door my style the UK all of the people your pen his father a friend of m

3、ine my brother and me Jacks teacherv词尾加s的变化规则：1.一般情况下，直接在动词词尾加-s.listen-listens play-plays 2.以o,s,x,sh,ch结尾的，在v词尾加-es go-goes rush-rushes guess-guesses fix-fixes wash-_ go-goes do-_ 3.辅音字母辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i，再加-es study-studies fly-_ worry-_ carry-_写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式 help-_ get-_ rise-_ read-_ know-_ make-_

4、 watch-_ do-_ say-_ have-_ come-_ teach-_ like -_ want-_ worry-_ enjoy-_ study-_ buy-_【练一练】【练一练】He_(go)to school by bike.They_(go)to school by bike.This boy_(go)to school by bike.Han Mei_(go)to school by bike.My fridend_(go)to school by bike.My fridends_(go)to school by bike.一般现在时的句型变化一般现在时的句型变化【否定形

5、式】【一般疑问句】什么时候需要加助动词does?加了助动词后，v词有什么特征？【句型变化一】当陈述句中有be（am/is/are）动）动词词时：My bike is behind the tree.否定句：My bike is not(isnt)behind the tree.疑问句：Is your bike behind the tree?回答:Yes,it is./No,it isnt.【思考】Are you a student?注意人称的转换主语+be+notBe+主语【句型变化二】陈述句中没有be动词时：I go to school on Sunday.否定句：I dont go to

6、 school on Sunday.疑问句：Do you go to school on Sunday?回答：Yes,I do./No,I dont.【思考】He doesnt go to school on Sunday.Does he go to school on Sunday?主语+dont+V原Do+主语+V原当主语是三单时：助动词则用does【句型变化三】特殊疑问句疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?What do you like?一般现在时句型变化一般现在时句型变化：1.否定形式：主语+do/does+not+V原+其他 主语

7、+am/is/are+not+其他2.一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+其他？Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他？3.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句【练一练】【练一练】1.I am 16 years old.否定句：_.一般疑问句：_(Are/Am)_(I/You)16 years old？回答：Yes,_ _.No,_ _.特殊疑问句：How old _ _?【提示】注意第一和第二人称的转变。【练一练】【练一练】2.I have an English class in the morning.否定句：(do,not,English class,in the morning,an,I)_

8、.一般疑问句：_?回答：Yes,_ _.No,_ _.特殊疑问句：What class _ _ _ in the morning?【提示】1.陈述句中的主语是什么？2.陈述句中有be动词吗？3.否定和疑问句中如果要加助动词，加什么？加了助动词后，动词应该怎样？【练一练】【练一练】3.He _(have)an English class in the morning.否定句：_.一般疑问句：_？回答：Yes,_ _.No,_ _.特殊疑问句：What class _ _ _ in the morning?【提示】1.陈述句中的主语是什么？2.陈述句中有be动词吗？3.否定和疑问句中如果要加助动词

9、，加什么？加了助动词后，动词应该怎样？时时态态结构结构标志词标志词例句例句注注1.一一般般现现在在时时主语：三单-谓语动词加s或es非三单谓语动词V原/(am/is/are)(always,usually,often,sometimes,rarely,never）every+时间,etc1.He usually goes to school at 7am.2.I am 18 years old.3.The moon moves around the earth.(客观真理、格言警句用一般现在时)变肯定句，否定句或疑问句有be动词就用be动词；没有要加助动词：do(非三单)does（三单）加了助

10、动词后，加了助动词后，V用原形用原形1.I_(live)in the town.2._Lisa_(get)up at seven every day?3.It_(take)me half an hour to get to school.4.Sun Tao usually_(learn)to use different machines in the workshop.5.Tim_(wash)his face every morning.liveDoesgettakeslearnswashes1.Mary never_(get)up at 6 oclock in the morning.2.T

11、he sun_(rise)in the east.3.My brother and I sometimes_(go)to the park on Sunday.4.They_(be)my fridends.变成否定句：They_my fridends.5.His father_(work)in a factory.否定句:His father_(work)in a factory.6._we _(go)to school at 7:30 every weekday?getsrisesgoarearentworksdoesnt workDogoOne of my close friend got

12、 angry with me.I shouted at her over a small issue yesterday.She left in anger and refused to talk to me.找共同点一般过去时一般过去时 【含义】表示过去某个时间点发生的动作、行为或存在的状态。讲述故事通常也用一般过去时。【结构】动词的过去式（V 过去式）常与一般过去时连用的典型词语有：yesterday,last+时间，时间+ago，in 2018,just,once upon a time,in the past等1.1.规则变化规则变化1）一般直接在动词词尾加-ed。如：cook-coo

13、ked;happen-happened2）动词词尾为e则直接加-d。如：taste-tasted;close-closed3）动词词尾为“辅音字母+y”，则变“y”为“i”，再加-ed。如：study-studied;hurry-hurried4）以重读闭音节且一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed.如：stop-stopped;plan-planned2.2.不规则变化不规则变化 come-came read-read .come-came read-read .需要背诵不规则变化表需要背诵不规则变化表写出下列动词的过去式写出下列动词的过去式 do-_ take-

14、_ teach-_ read-_ know-_ make-_ be -_ bring-_ let-_ feel-_ stay-_ go-_ buy-_ say-_ have-_ 一般过去时句型变化一般过去时句型变化：1.否定形式：主语+did+not+V原+其他 主语+was/were+not+其他2.一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+其他？Did+主语+动词原形+其他？3.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句 What did you learn last week?时态时态 结构结构标志词标志词例句例句备注备注2.一一般过般过去时去时V过去式时间+ago,in 1980,last+时间,yes

15、terday,just（刚才），in the past,etcI was busy yesterday.We went to Shanghai last month.变肯定句，否定句或疑问句有be动词就用be动词；没有要加助动词：did1.My father _(teach)in this school in 1959.2._his father_(work)in a factory two years ago?3.Where_(be)your brother last Sunday？4.I_(buy)a book yesterday.变为否定句：I _ _ a book yesterday.

16、5.When _ Lee _ (go)to school this morning?6.Tom came back and _(feel)tired.taughtDidworkwasboughtdidntbuygofeltdid一般将来时一般将来时 【含义】表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态【结构】1.主语+will+V原+其他 2.主语+be(am/is/are)going to do sth.（按 计划、打算将要发生的事情）常与一般现在时连用的典型词语有：tomorrow,soon,in the future,in four days,next+时间【注意】在时间、条件状语从句中，遵

17、循“主将从现主将从现”原则，如：1.if+从句，表“如果”2.when+从句，表“当的时候”3.as soon as+从句，表“一就”4.until+从句，表“直到”e.g.1.We _ paly football if it _(rain)tomorrow.2.If it _(not)rain,we_(go)for a picnic next week.rains wont一般将来时句型变化一般将来时句型变化：1.否定形式：主语+will+not+V原+其他 I will not go shopping tomorrow.2.一般疑问句：Will+主语+V原+其他？Will you go s

18、hopping tomorrow?3.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句 What will you do tomorrow?时态时态 结构结构标志词标志词例句例句备注备注3.一一般将般将来时来时1.will+v原2.be(am/is/are)going to do tomorrow,soon,in the future,in four days,next+时间,etc1.I am going to see a movie tomorrow.2.We will go to Shanghai next month.3.We wont paly football if it rains tomorro

19、w.时间、条件状语从句中，遵循“主将主将从现从现”原则1.I_(be)going to have a picnic tomrrow afternoon.2.They_(visit)the factory in the future.3._Tom _(go)to the zoo with you next Monday？4.We_(not go)to the park if it_(rain)tomorrow.5.She _(water)flowers tomorrow morning.6.What are you _(go)to do tomorrow?【练一练】【练一练】Things are

20、 improving.The student is working hard.Grirls are playing basketball now.找共同点现在进行时现在进行时【含义】表示现在正在进行的动作和发生的事情 【结构】be(am/is/are)+V-ing 常与一般现在时连用的典型词语有：now,at present,at the moment(现在)；look,listenV-ing的变化规则：1.一般情况下，直接在动词词尾加一般情况下，直接在动词词尾加-ing.go-going ask-asking look-_ 2.以不发音的以不发音的e e结尾的动词，结尾的动词，去掉去掉e,e

21、,加加-ing-ing have-having take-taking make-_ 3.以一个字母结尾的重读闭音节。双写最后一个字母，以一个字母结尾的重读闭音节。双写最后一个字母，再加再加-ing-ing get-getting sit-sitting begin-_ shop-_wash _ read_ run_use_write_ shop_ begin_ live _ move_cut _ 写出下列动词的现在分词（写出下列动词的现在分词（V-ing）【注意1.】现在进行时还可以表示将来 come,go,leave,arrive,live等表示位置转移的动词的现在进行时表将来1.A fr

22、iend is coming to stay with me next week.2.Im leaving.【注意2.】有些动词不能用进行时 如：know,understand,hear,sound,smell,need,think,have,want,wish,like,agree等表示情感状态、知觉、认识、愿望等的动词现在进行时句型变化现在进行时句型变化：1.否定形式：主语+am/is/are+not+V-ing+其他 I am not doing my homework now.2.一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+V-ing+其他？Are you doing your homewo

23、rk now?3.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句 What are you doing now?时态时态 结构结构标志词标志词例句例句备注备注4.现现在进在进行时行时be(am/is/are)+Vingnow,at present,at the moment；look,listen,etc1.I am watching TV now.2.Listen!The girl is e,go,leave等的现在进行式可表将要发生的动作1.-Supper is ready.-I_.(come)2.I_(watch)TV now.3.They_(play)football at present.4.Wat

24、ch!The boy_(dance)in the classroom.【练一练】【练一练】现在完成时现在完成时【含义】表示已经完成的而又与现在存在某种联系的动作或事件【结构】have/has+V过去分词 常单独使用；也常和以下词连用：just,already,yet(表否定、疑问表否定、疑问)，recently,since+时时间点，间点，for+时间段时间段，how long(多长时间多长时间)现在完成时句型变化现在完成时句型变化：1.否定形式：主语+have/has+not+V过去分词+其他 I havent seen her since June.She hasnt received h

25、is letter yet.2.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+V过去分词+其他？Have you found the missing book?Has your brother been away for a long time?3.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句 How long have you had that bike？【特别提示1】非延续性动词不能用于完成时的肯定句，而要通过be动词将其转化成延续的状态。延续性动词：表示动作可以延续一段时间。study,read,learn,drive,write,sleep,speak,talk,wait,stay,lie,keep等。非延续

26、性动词：动作发生在一瞬间，一旦发生就结束。begin,start,finish,leave,find,get up,arrive,get to,enter,stop,open,close,lend,buy,borrow,join,die,take away,put up,get on/off等。【特别提示1】非延续性动词非延续性动词可以通过be动词动词将其转化成延续性延续性动词动词。判断正误：1.He has been here for five years.He has come here for five years.2.Tom has been in the army for three

27、 months.Tom has joined the army for three months.3.The old man has died for two years.The old man has been dead for two years.【特别提示1】常见的非延续性动词转换成延续性动词：open-be open borrow-keep leave-be away buy-have die-be deadgo-be away come-be here join-be in begin-be on open-be open改错：改错：1.He has gone for three y

28、ears.2.They have come back since last month.3.Tom has joined in the army for ten years.时态时态 结构结构标志词标志词例句例句备注备注5.现现在完在完成时成时have/has+V过去分词过去分词（当主语（当主语是三单时，是三单时，用用has）recently（最（最近）近）,already（已经）（已经）,yet(表表否定、疑否定、疑问问)since+时间时间点点,for+一段时一段时间间,how long,etc1.I have learned English for ten years.2.My brot

29、her has collected 100 model planes since 2010.谓语动词必须用延续性动词。非延续性动非延续性动词不能用完词不能用完成时成时1.He_(not see)me recently.2.They_(be)away for two years.3.-_ you_(find)the missing book?-No,I _.4.He _(study)English since he was ten.【练一练】【练一练】时态时态结构结构标志词标志词一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时现在进行时现在完成时1.two days ago2.in ten days3.last

30、es/goes/gets5.Look!/Listen!6.usually/sometimes/never/always7.evey sunday8.yesterday9.am/is/are10.was/were11.tomorrow12.dont/doesnt如果在一个句子中出现下列词，你能根据下列判断出该句使用的是什么时态吗？13.went14.already15.now16.for two years17.at the moment/at the present18.have/has been19.since20.will go21.am doing22.am going to do23.

31、this morning24.next morning1.I am watching TV now.2.The moon moves around the earth.3.I am going to see a movie next week.4.We went to Shanghai last month.5.He is18 years old.6.My brother has collected 100 model planes.7.They dont like music.8.How do you feel?9.He didnt come back last night.10.Tom h

32、as been in China for ten years.11.Mary came back late.12.Does Mr Smith like China?写出下列句子所使用的时态。1.I often _English.2.He always _English after school.3.Look!He_English at the classroom.4.He_English next week.5.He_English already.6.He never_English every Monday.7.He_English for two years.8.He_English a

33、t the moment.9.He_(not)English last night.10.He_English since he was ten.用动词study的正确形式填空。【特别提示2】be going to 用在there be句型中，容易遗漏一个be,要注意。判断正误：There is going to a film tonight.There is going to be a film tonight.【特别提示3】辨析 have/has been to:曾去过某地，现在已经回来了。have/has gone to:去了某地，还未回来。have/has been in：一直在某地

34、1.I _(be)_(to/in)New York three times.2.-Where is Tom?-He has_(gone/been)_(to/in)the teachers office.3.Mary_(be)_(to/in)the city for over five years.1.-I havent seen Mike for a long time.-He_to Sydney.A.has gone B.is going C.goes D.will go 2.How long have you_the magazine?A.borrowed B.bought C.lent

35、D.kept 3.I dont know if he_ tomorrow.If he_,Ill meet him.A.will come;comes B.comes;comes C.will come;will come D.comes;will come 4.Ill let you know as soon as he_tomorrow.A.come B.will come C.comes D.came 5.I left my pen on the desk and now its gone.Who_ it?A.took B.has taken C.will take D.had taken

36、6.Will you go to the Great Wall if it_fine tomorrow?A.will B.was C.is going to be D.is 7.He_supper with his parents next Tuesday.A.is going to has B.will have C.has D.have8.I wont go to bed until my mother _back.A.came B.comes C.will come D.come 9.There_a meeting tomorrow.A.is B.are C.is going to D.is going to have 10.-Where is Amy?-She _the teachers office.A.has been to B.has gone to C.is gone to D.is been in11.We_the film before.A.saw B.has seen C.have seen D.was seeing