专题二-短文改错与书面表达课件.ppt

1、2016年高考英语短文改错及书面表达备考探索 -肇庆市英语学科委员会 Yours,Garvin动词时态动词时态have非谓语非谓语interest名词名词(不可数不可数)名词复数名词复数mistakes连词连词So词性词性advice非谓语非谓语hearing形式宾语形式宾语 it介词介词 in代词代词 IGarvin Yours,Garvin Yours,Whats the main trouble when correcting a short passage?1.看不出句子有错，越读越觉得对。2.看出句子出错的地方,但无法改正。3.知道改正句子错误的地方,但答案不正确。How to co

2、rrect?How to Do Proof-readingHow to Do Proof-reading 如何做短文改错题？短文改错的9个一致性入手！一、动词形一、动词形注意动词的注意动词的时态时态和和语语态是态是否一致否一致。One day he was having a yard sale and the old man living next door come by to help.Tea in China was traditionally drank from cupswithout handles.The responsibility of the advisor include

3、 helping students to practice their oral English,answering their questions,and helping organize activity.camedrunkresponsibilities时态一致 短文中谓语动词的时态与上下文，特定语言环境及该句的时间状语应保持呼应与一致。1)Today,it is much easier to be healthy than it is in the past.2)When I was a pupil,my teacher told me that the earth turned ar

4、ound the sun.was turns1）One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out.2）Play football not only makes us grow tall and strong主谓一致主谓一致 werePlaying平行一致eitheror,neithernor,not onlybutalso,及and,but,or等并列连词或词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。在平行结构中,词性时态等形式须保持前后一致。1)Playing football not only makesbu

5、t also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit.2)Therefore,I feed her,gave her a bath and changed her clothes.givesfed二、名词数二、名词数1)Your knowledges of Greece can help the whole class.2)He is tall,with broad shoulder.3)For example,we can do reading for one and a half hour.4)But soon,she came back

6、with a bottle of pill.5)You should try to memorize the useful sentences as much as possible.6)Soon many help was given to the girl.knowledge shouldershours 注意注意名词单、复数形式名词单、复数形式、可数还是不可数、可数还是不可数名词名词,同时注意修饰词同时注意修饰词pillsmuchmanyWe are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost.He didnt look happily.We shou

7、ld work hardly to achieve our goals.注意注意形容词和副词形容词和副词在句子中的在句子中的作用和具体用法作用和具体用法。形容词形容词修饰修饰 n.;副词主要副词主要修饰修饰 v./adj./adv.三、还要注意形和副三、还要注意形和副wonderfulhappyhard四、非谓语，细辨别四、非谓语，细辨别细辨是用细辨是用 to do,doing 还是还是done,注意注意分词拼写分词拼写。He isnt good at talk but he gets on well with others.The applicant is required be a nat

8、ive speaker of English who can speak fluent Chinese.talking toIt is one of the funniest things finding on the Internet.found五五、代词代词格，格，细领悟细领悟I was happy when the toys worked,but whenthings went wrong,I got angry and broke it.themTomsJust at that time I woke up and found me still in bed!myselfTom par

9、ents invited I to spend two wonderful weeks in Qingdao with themme注意注意 上下文上下文 以及以及各种代词格各种代词格的用法。的用法。指代一致 用于指代的各类代词应在数，格，性上与上下文保持一致。1)And every year more and more people start a stamp collection of your own.2)It is us who are to blame for the poverty because we used to.3)What is more,you have to be f

10、riends with your pupils and take good care of him.themtheirwe catch a sight of as the whole lose my heart 表灰心表灰心 late on in hurry by the price of 10 in Sunday afternoon in this weekend express us It is so a beautiful place!such many people My car needs wash.主要考查固定短语、习惯搭配、习惯用法，主要考查固定短语、习惯搭配、习惯用法，其错误表

11、现形式主要有三种：其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和惯多词、少词和惯用法或搭配错误。用法或搭配错误。aonourselvesso六、介词冠词常常考，习惯用法要记六、介词冠词常常考，习惯用法要记住住alateratsuchwashing Have tea in the afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner,that might not be served until 8 oclock at night.Havingwhich八、逻辑连词须关注八、逻辑连词须关注1.句子的上下文句子的上下文是否一致是否一致,有无有无张冠李戴张冠

12、李戴,甚至相矛盾甚至相矛盾；2.连词连词but，and，or和和so等的用法等的用法3.过渡词过渡词25 cents each piece.But Nick has brought the priceup to 10 cents a piece.A passenger realized he couldnt find his ticket but became quite upset.downandI opened the wallet,tying to find out whose it was.Therefore,I found nothing but 300 yuan in it.How

13、ever1.Go through the whole passage to get a general idea.(浏览全文，掌握大意）浏览全文，掌握大意）2.Read the passage sentence by sentence and find the mistakes.(分句阅读分句阅读,逐行找错逐行找错)3.Read the passage for the third time,check the answers and correct the difficult ones.（检查核对，攻克难点）（检查核对，攻克难点）高考短文改错常见错误1.and,or,but误用；误用；2.2.

14、books/a book等名词单复数误用；等名词单复数误用；3.人称代词人称代词he,she,I等误用；等误用；4.动词的含义用反，例如动词的含义用反，例如go和和come误用；误用；5.第三人称单数用错，例如第三人称单数用错，例如he work；6.时态的误用，例如上下文均为一般现在时，却出现时态的误用，例如上下文均为一般现在时，却出现worked；7.so.that结构误用；结构误用；8.定语从句中定语从句中which与与where误用；误用；9.neither.nor结构误用；结构误用；10.because,though同时出现；同时出现；11.fortunately,unfortuna

15、tely等词义用反也多次出现；等词义用反也多次出现；12.性别指代错误；性别指代错误；In addition to the convenient public transportation,our own car can also bring them to some places of interest.13.不定代词误用；不定代词误用；14.a与与the误用；误用；15.主动、被动结构误用；主动、被动结构误用；16.主谓一致错误；主谓一致错误；17.what与与that误用；误用；18.as与与like误用；误用；19.when与与while误用；误用；20.ago与与before误用；误

16、用；21.比较级误用比较级误用tall与与taller；22.介词介词in,at,of,to,from误用；误用；23.省略结构的错误；省略结构的错误；24.一些常见的语法和词汇错误，如一些常见的语法和词汇错误，如I want go/make sb.to do/be afraid of go/with与与without区别区别/because of等。等。高考短文改错常见错误Longshine Tips（短文改错解题口诀短文改错解题口诀）名词数，动词形名词数，动词形谓语、非谓在一起谓语、非谓在一起你一定要把它分清你一定要把它分清时态语态主谓宾时态语态主谓宾代词三格要分明代词三格要分明请你做题处

17、处留心请你做题处处留心冠词、介词虽然微小冠词、介词虽然微小乱用可不行乱用可不行形容词的级别形容词的级别请你千万要理清请你千万要理清副词经常修饰句子还有副词经常修饰句子还有动形动形改错常考动形名副介连改错常考动形名副介连代冠代冠短文改错确实不容易短文改错确实不容易加强练习会有惊喜加强练习会有惊喜多积累词汇和固定搭配多积累词汇和固定搭配就一定会有突破就一定会有突破用小苹果的歌唱出来！用小苹果的歌唱出来！我绝不嫁给你！高考：I will never marry you!大学四级：You are the last man I am willing to marry.大学六级：Under no cond

18、ition will I marry you.雅思：If you were the last man in the world,I will definitely remain single.1234高考评分细则高考评分细则广州一模审题广州一模审题书面表达增分技巧书面表达增分技巧近几年的全国卷书面表达近几年的全国卷书面表达考查分析考查分析年号年号命题形式命题形式文体文体内容内容2012文字提纲文字提纲电子邮件申请参加国际中学生新加坡夏令营 2013文字提纲文字提纲书信希望笔友为自己前往美国的叔叔接机20142014卷卷I I英文广告英文广告图示图示+提示提示书信书信询问广告内容询问广告内容相关

19、情况相关情况20152015卷卷I I文字提纲文字提纲书信书信 向美国笔友向美国笔友“约稿约稿”近几年书面表达分析2016年高考考纲样题作文分析说明年高考考纲样题作文分析说明1、写作的基本要求是切题、连贯、准确。切题、连贯、准确。2、作文首先要切题，考生要、作文首先要切题，考生要仔细审题。仔细审题。3、在抓住内容要点的基础上，一篇好的短文还需要连贯表达。动笔前整体构思，按照一定的条理，把各要点合乎逻辑地组织起来。4、短文的切题和连贯是以语言表达的准确为基础的，特别注意表达的准确性，适当顾及表达的多样性。5、考生还应使用恰当的语气恰当的语气，得体地运用礼貌用语得体地运用礼貌用语及句式。及句式。1

20、、少于80词或多于120词的，从总分中减去2分。2、拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。3、如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。4、第五档、第五档21-25：完全完成完全完成了试题规定的任务。了试题规定的任务。1）覆盖了所有的内容要点。2）应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。3）语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽量使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力 4）有效地使用了语句间的连接成份，使全文结构紧凑，完全达到了预期的写作目的。高考评分部分标准广州一模 假定你是李华，你要完成一项关于中英学生寒假生活的调查。请给你的英国笔友Bill写

21、一封信，交流相关信息。要点如下：1、写信的原因。2、介绍中国学生的寒假生活；1）时长：约20天 2）活动 3、询问英国学生的寒假生活。1、信息点/写作内容：1）“主人公”李华要告诉Bill一些信息；同时，也要询问对方的信息，因此，题中所隐含的双向要求说明这是一封既有介绍特征也有咨询意向的综合型书信。2）需注意题干说明是对中学生寒假生活的调查，因此不要误将自己的行为代替所有中学生的行为。3）信息非常少，而且既有的信息也只是空泛的概念。审题：文体、写作对象、人称、时审题：文体、写作对象、人称、时态、写作要点、语言风格。态、写作要点、语言风格。一、审题1234开门见山明意图主体要通畅内容充实要适度选

22、词造句要斟酌结尾照应开头和主题二、谋篇-开门见山明意图结尾照应开头和主题求职信 Im writing to apply for the position as.或 learning from.,Id like to apply for the postI would be grateful if you could consider my application.或I hope to have the opportunity of an interview.建议信 Im writing to express my view concerning.In the end,I will be ver

23、y glad if you find my suggestions useful/practical.邀请信 Im writing to inform you of you something about.Would you like to.?Im longing to hear from you.感谢信 Im writing to express my thanks for.或 Id like to convey my heartfelt thanks to you for.I must thank you again for your generous help.Please accept

24、 my gratitude,now and always.咨询信 Im writing to enquire/ask for some information about.I am waiting for your early reply./Id like to/Please let us投诉信 Im writing to complain about.Id appreciate it if you.as soon as possible.二、谋篇-开门见山明意图、结尾照应开头和主题二、谋篇-主体要通畅1、内容充实要适度 写作要求中提到：要覆盖全部的要点，词数100左右，可以适当增加细节，使行

25、文连贯。要使文章更具可读性，就要在合乎所给情节的前提下，进行适当的扩展。例如：表示“感谢”用“I truly appreciate what you have done for me during my stay in your country.就可以了，但是增加一句“Its nice and generous of you to do all this.”可以使“感谢”更加真诚，符合英语感谢场景。2.语域选择要合适 书信的语言要符合人物特征，要自然，平实、简洁，注重交际性原则，不要太正式，也不能太随意。一般来说：感谢信、邀请信、道歉信朋友之间的 ：求职信、推荐信、投诉信正式的场合3、用词选句

26、要恰当 例如：1）关于about(完全可以）concerning,as to(更合适、高级)2）大多数most 更符合英语习惯 the majority of(更高级)3）完成finish（常用）complete,bring an end to(正式）二、谋篇-语域选择 2015年新课标全国卷年新课标全国卷 1 要求给美国朋友要求给美国朋友Peter 写信写信约稿。请比较以下两种表达，哪种更适合：约稿。请比较以下两种表达，哪种更适合：A:“Would you please write something about the culture in your part of the United

27、States?”B:“I really appreciate it if you can spare some of your valuable time to write an article concerning the culture of the United States.”A:“Could we have your article before June 28th?”B:“I cant thank you more if we have your article before June 28.技 巧一1.使用较高级的词汇3.使用恰当的连接词词汇反映你知识贮存量的多少，也是衡量英语水

28、平的一个重要标志。运用得当的句子结构可以给文章增色不少，从而使整篇文章因此而生辉。使用恰当连接词，对写一篇有“英语味”的文章很重要，能使文章上下衔接自然、紧凑。2.使用较丰富的句式2、使用较为高级地道的短语：You can find my house easily.谋 篇Youll have no trouble finding my house.1、巧用代词：、巧用代词：Your article should be neither too long nor too short-400 words would be appropriate-and it must be handed in be

29、fore June 28.1）.When he arrives,please give me an e-mail.（使用介词（使用介词+V-ing形式）形式）2）.He did not know what had happened until he had read the news in the newspaper.(使用强调句型使用强调句型)On his arriving,please give me an e-mail.3）.You can understand it only after I explain it to you.(用倒装结构用倒装结构)It was not until

30、he had read the news in the newspaper that he knew what had happened.Only after I explain it to you can you understand it.3、使用较丰富的句式、使用较丰富的句式4）.I wont believe what he says.（使用状语从句）No matter what he says,I wont believe him.3、使用较丰富的句式、使用较丰富的句式5）、使用）、使用with和和without复合结构：复合结构：【汉语汉语】由于期末考试临近，所有学生都在忙于复习。由

31、于期末考试临近，所有学生都在忙于复习。一般一般As the final term is drawing near,all the students are occupied with their revision.高级高级With the final term drawing near,all the students are occupied with their revision.1）、使用恰当的连接词：）、使用恰当的连接词：On one side of the road there is a new classroom building.On the other side,where t

32、he playground used to be now stands another new buildingour library.As far as I know,many students often do some reading in it.Whats more,we can surf the Internet to find some useful information.However,we are not allowed to play computer games.2）、文章段落的排列逻辑？句与句之间意义、逻辑的连接。）、文章段落的排列逻辑？句与句之间意义、逻辑的连接。20

33、15年全国卷范文欣赏：年全国卷范文欣赏：4、连接、过渡与文章结构的紧凑、连接、过渡与文章结构的紧凑Dear Peter,Id like to ask you to write an article for our schools English newspaper.In the newspaper,the“Foreign Cultures”section draws many students attention in that the articles are not only interesting,but also instructive.The section covers such

34、topics as American festivals,customs and students daily life in the US.So there are also what you are going to write about.You can write anything relevant on these topics.Your article should be neither too long nor too short-400 words would beappropriate-and it must be handed in before June 28.Is th

35、at OK for you?I am really looking forward to hearing from you.Yours,Li Hua 技 巧二1.肯定不如否定好3.主动不如被动巧修辞的使用在书面表达中算作很大的亮点。双重否定也是种修辞。阅卷老师喜欢看到的高级语法共有五种：倒装，强调，从句，独立主格和分词结构，以及虚拟语气。倒装是一种最简单易行的呈现亮点的方法。使用被动语态符合英语的习惯，如果能将整个文章中两个句子变成被动语态，就会呈现句型的变化，使整个文章句型丰富。2.陈述不如倒装妙1.“邮递员天天准时到”（双重否定）The postman never fails to com

36、e on time.2.“图书馆位于学校的中央”（倒装）In the center of our school lies our library.3.“我们每次可以借五本书最多借十天”（被动）At most five books can be borrowed at a time and they can be kept for ten days.4、我们永远也不用忘记这个教训。（被动）The lesson will be firmly rooted in our minds.典型例句分享典型例句分享选词的高级与地道性difficult-important-beautiful-certainl

37、y-sad-very important/difficult/useful/helpful/harmful/valuable/significant=challengingvital/essential/significantappealing/attractive/charming/fascinatingobviously/undoubtedly/evidentlydiscouraged/depressed/downhearted/low-spirited/be in low spiritsbe of great importance1、注意所选词语的使用语境或正式程度：deliver a

38、speech很正式。2、选词的意义要正确：watch TV,see a film,read newspaper,visit the doctor让“词”动起来、让词具体化、多样化1、I go to school by bike every day.2、When I got home,I got tired,so I got a book and got into bed.3、Mrs.Wang is a good teacher.I ride to school every day.Mrs.Wang is a kind,patient and knowledgeable teacher.When

39、 I reached home,I felt tired,so I took up a book and went to bed.恰到使用一些程度副词、修饰语usually/recently/badly/terribly/extremely/even/unfortunately/finally/especially语言的得体化语言的得体化地道的英语表达地道的英语表达过渡有些生硬过渡有些生硬用词的准确性，也可以用用词的准确性，也可以用falls短语的使用短语的使用语言的得体化语言的得体化从句的恰当应用从句的恰当应用过渡词的恰当使用过渡词的恰当使用疑问句的得体应用疑问句的得体应用广州一模作文参考答

40、案Dear Bill，How is everything?Im doing a project on how British and Chinese students spend their winter holidays.In China,the winter vacation is usually about twenty days long.It falls during the Chinese New Year,so most students take part in different Spring Festival activities,such as visiting fami

41、ly,eating lots of foods,and most importantly,getting lucky money!During the holiday，many students will also go travelling with their parents.Unfortunately they cant travel for long because Chinese students always have a lot of homework to do during this break.Many must even attend special holiday cl

42、asses.What about in the UK?How do the students spend the winter holidays there?Im looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua尽可能多的用普通话交流，这样，你就可以讲好普通话了。1、状语从句：You are sure to speak Mandarin as long as you stick to practising speaking it.2、定语从句：Youd better communicate more in Mandarin,which will certai

43、nly help to learn it well.3、主语从句：It will make a big difference for you to spare no effort to communicate in Mandarin.4、倒装：Only by communicating more in Mandarin,can you improve your ability to speak it.高考作文卷高考作文卷几点温馨提示1、规范的书写，整洁的卷面。2、写好作文的第一段。（含金量、信息量）3、语言方面，把语言错误降到最低限度。对主谓一致、时态、冠词的用法、名词的单复数、搭配问题、单词拼写的针对性检查4、作文的结构层面要清楚。评卷人的心态：1、厌倦：大部分考生写作能力都不太高。2、疲劳：工作量、工作时间。3、气恼：低级错误、卷面乱七八糟、字母东倒西歪。