重庆市第一 2022-2023学年高一上学期期末英语试题.docx

1、重庆市第一中学校2022-2023学年高一上学期期末英语试题一、阅读理解Its now a lot easier and cheaper for many hard-of-hearing Americans to get help. Hearing aids can now be sold without a prescription from a specialist. Over-the-counter, or OTC, hearing aids started hitting the market in October at prices that can be thousands of

2、dollars lower than prescription hearing aids. About 30 million people in the United States deal with hearing loss, according to the Food and Drug Administration. But only about 20% of those who could use a hearing aid seek help. Heres a closer look:Who might be helped:The FDA approved OTC hearing ai

3、ds for adults with mild-to-moderate hearing loss. That can include people who have trouble hearing phone calls or who turn up the TV volume loud enough that others complain. It also can include people who have trouble understanding group conversations in noisy places. OTC hearing aids arent intended

4、 for people with deeper hearing loss, which may include those who have trouble hearing louder noises, like power tools and cars.Hearing test:Before over-the-counter, you usually needed to get your hearing tested and buy hearing aids from a specialist. Thats no longer the case. But it can be hard for

5、 people to measure their own hearing. You can still choose to see a specialist just for that test, which is often covered by insurance, and then buy the aids on your own. There also are a number of apps and questionnaires available to determine whether you need help.Whos selling:Several major retail

6、ers now offer OTC hearing aids online and on store shelves. Walgreens drugstores, for example, are selling Lexie Lumen hearing aids nationwide for $799. Walmart offers OTC hearing aids ranging from about $200 to $1,000 per pair. Its health centers will provide hearing tests. The consumer electronics

7、 chain Best Buy has OTC hearing aids available online and in nearly 300 stores.The cost:Most OTC hearing aids will cost between $500 and $1,500 for a pair, though some may run up to $3,000.1Who will not be helped by the hearing aids?ADavid who is unable to hear the noise of power tools.BJack who can

8、t make out regular phone calls clearly.CMessy who need to turn up the TV volume louder than others do.DPoppy who cant understand group conversations in noisy places.2Which of the following is correct according to the passage?AOTC hearing aids are only available online.BThe prices of OTC hearing aids

9、 vary considerably.CHearing tests will be provided at every selling spot.DOTC hearing aids offered by Walmart are the most expensive3Which section of the newspaper is this passage probably taken from?AEconomyBHealthCSportsDEntertainmentJim Thorpe is one of the greatest athletes of all time. He had a

10、mazing athletic abilities and was well-known during his lifetime, yet that did not make Thorpe a stranger to adversity.Thorpe was an American Indian from Oklahoma who developed his extraordinary athletic skills in his youth through hard labor. It was also in his youth that he learned to endure hards

11、hip brought upon by racial prejudice. Many would say his childhood was not easy. He grew up poor and at age 9 his twin brother passed away and a few years later he lost both of his parents.But that did not stop him from doing what he loved and pursuing his dreams. Nothing seemed to stop him, not eve

12、n stolen shoes. Just hours before Thorpe was going to compete in the 1912 Olympics, somebody stole his shoes. Thorpe improvised(临时拼凑) by getting shoes out of the garbage. The shoes were two different sizes. He wore an extra pair of socks on one foot to even them out.He still went on to win two gold

13、medalswinning each event he competed in except for one, the javelin(标枪). The javelin was the only event he didnt win, probably because he had never competed in that event before. It is interesting to note that Thorpe had tried to throw the javelin once before in the Olympic trials. At the time, he d

14、idnt know that he could throw it with a running start. He threw it standing still and was placed second.At the Olympics，he also took part in the decathlon(十项全能运动). He finished first in two events, third in four events, and fourth in two more. Thorpe ended up finishing third in the world. He was undo

15、ubtedly a dominating force that couldnt be stopped and just kept on going.I think Paul Dughi said it best, “ Its hard to imagine now that pro athletes get paid millions of dollars just to wear a particular brand of shoes. For Jim Thorpe, it didnt matter what kind he wore.”4What does the underlined s

16、entence in Paragraph 1 mean?AThe adversity Thorpe met with led to his success.BThorpes success was no guarantee of a better life.CThorpes career brought him both gains and losses.DThorpe suffered many hardships despite his success.5Why did Thorpe wear more socks on one foot?ATo prevent the foot from

17、 injury.BTo make the shoe fit the foot.CTo stop the shoe from being stolen.DTo show his problem-solving skills.6What most likely led to Thorpes failure to win the javelin?ALoss of his own sports shoes.BA casual attitude towards the event.CLack of experience in the event.DA shortage of talent for the

18、 event.7Which of the following words can best describe Jim Thorpe?ALoyal and enthusiastic.BGenuine and creative.CTough and strong-minded.DSelfless and good-tempered.It is widely believed that smiling means a person is happy, and it usually occurs when theyre meeting another person or a group of peop

19、le. However, a new study led by Dr Harry Witchel, a body language expert, shows that it is not always the case.In his research, he asked 44 participants aged 18-35 to have a geography quiz consisting of nine difficult questions so that they often got the answer wrong. Participants interacted with a

20、computer alone in a room while their faces were recorded by video.After the quiz, the participants were asked to rate(评价) their experience using a range of 12 emotions including “bored”, “interested” and “frustrated”. Meanwhile, their facial expressions were analyzed by computer frame by frame in or

21、der to judge how much they were smiling on a basis of a scale of between 0 and 1.“According to some researchers, a real smile reflects the inner state of amusement. However, the idea of behavioral ecology suggests that all smiles are tools used in social interactions, meaning cheerfulness is neither

22、 necessary nor sufficient for smiling. Our study showed that in these human-computer interaction experiments, smiling isnt driven by happiness; it is associated with subjective involvement( 主观参与), which acts like a kind of social fuel for smiling, even when socializing with a computer on your own.”

23、Dr Witchel said.Participants didnt tend to smile during the period when they were trying to figure out the answers. However, they did smile right after the computer informed them whether their answer was correct or not. Surprisingly, participants smiled more often when they got the answer wrong. Dr

24、Witchel added, “During these computerized quizzes, smiling greatly increased just after they answered questions incorrectly. This behavior could not be explained by ratings of happiness or frustration.”8Why did Dr Witchel use difficult questions in the quiz?ATo discover the most intelligent particip

25、ants.BTo create a stressful situation for participants.CTo make the answer period last as long as possible.DTo make it hard for participants to answer them correctly.9What can we infer from the idea of behavioral ecology?ASmiles reflect the inner state of cheerfulness.BSmiling is associated with obj

26、ective engagement.CSmiling is usually connected with social activities.DSmiles arent necessarily useful tools in social interactions.10Which of the following will Dr Witchel agree with?AThere is a need for further research on smiling.BParticipants smiled when their answer was correct.CSmiles have no

27、thing to do with happiness or frustration.DParticipants smiled less when they got the answer wrong.11What can be a suitable title for the text?AHow to Identify a Real Smile?BWhat Contributes to Real Happiness?CPeople Hold a Wrong View on Happiness.DSmiling Doesnt Necessarily Mean Happiness.You may n

28、ot know it, but your brain is already an amazing vocabulary learning machine. When you read or listen to something, your brain doesnt take each word at face value: its continuously taking statistics about which words appear together regularly so that it can expect whats coming next and process speec

29、h faster. Our brains continuously release electrical signals, which change depending on what task your brain is dealing with. Scientists can use a technique to read some of these to study how your brain processes language. One of these signals, called N400, changes depending on whether words make se

30、nse in context or not. The N400 is relatively small for expected word combinations, like coffee and cream, and increases in height for unexpected word combinations, like coffee and cap. This means that scientists can read the N400 height to analyze the kind of expectations you have about which words

31、 usually appear together. In language learners, the N400 changes based on proficiency （熟练程度）. The better people get at a language, the closer their N400 pattern is to native speakers. This means that an important part of language proficiency is taking statistics and building expectations about what

32、words usually appear together, just as native speakers do. To get better at this, we need to flood our brains with loads of natural content, so we can build up a picture of which kinds of words usually appear together. Reading is a great way to do this and theres lots of research that shows that rea

33、ding works wonders for your vocabulary skills. However, it is important to remember that if there are too many unknown words, it can be difficult to figure out what they mean from the context. And it is unpleasant having to stop every two miles to look up a word. Graded readers, which are books adap

34、ted to make them easier to understand at lower levels, are perfect for learners of foreign languages.12What does the author intend to do in paragraph 1?ATo state a fact.BTo offer a suggestion.CTo make a comparison.DTo propose a definition.13What does it mean if the N400 increases?AWe make sense of s

35、ome word combinations in a context.BWe combine some new words to make a sentence.CWe memorize some word combinations to learn a language.DWe meet some word combinations beyond our expectations.14How can we have a native speaker-like N400 pattern according to the author?ABy reading some books about v

36、ocabulary skills.BBy reading lots of natural content.CBy reading loads of books about nature and drawing pictures.DBy reading authentic content to increase our vocabulary.15What can we infer from the last paragraph?AIt is more beneficial to read easy books.BIt is important to look up new words.CWe s

37、hould mainly read adapted books.DWe should choose materials right for our level.Two thirds of the ice in the glaciers (冰川) of the Alps is doomed! These glaciers will melt by the end of the century as global temperatures rise, according to a recent study. Scientists claim that half the ice held in so

38、me 4,000 Alpine glaciers will disappear by 2050 due to global warming through the effect of past emissions. After that, even if carbon emissions drop to zero, two-thirds of the ice will still have melted by 2100. If emissions continue to rise at the current rate, the ice tongues will have all but di

39、sappeared from Alpine valleys by the end of the century. The most pessimistic prediction tells us that the Alps will be mostly ice-free by 2100. Only isolated ice patches would remain at high altitudes, representing five per cent, at most, of the ice volume seen today. The researchers warn that the

40、loss of these glaciers will mean much less water is available for farming and hydroelectricity, especially during droughts. It would also affect nature and tourism. In February, a study found that a third of the huge ice fields in Asias towering mountain chains were also under threat for the same re

41、asons. This will lead to serious consequences for almost two billion people who live downstream. Glaciers along the Hindu Kush and Himalayan range are at higher, colder altitudes. If global carbon emissions are not cut, however, two-thirds of their ice could be gone by 2100. The latest research comb

42、ined computer models with real-world data to forecast the fate of the glaciers. It used 2017 as its starting point. Unlike previous work, these models included how the glaciers move down the mountains. Applying this approach to other glaciated mountain chains could improve ice loss forecasts there.

43、Cutting the emissions from fossil-fuel burning, deforestation and other polluting activities is the biggest factor in minimizing the melting of the ice. The future of these glaciers is indeed at risk, but there is still a possibility of limiting their disappearance.16What does the underlined word “d

44、oomed” mean in paragraph 1?APolluted.BDiscovered.CEndangered.DAbandoned.17What can we infer from paragraph 2?AEmissions have much to do with the ice melting.BThe Alps is expected to lose all its ice by 2100.CIce loss will be avoided with emissions prevented.DLarge ice pieces will just exist at the m

45、ountain top.18Why are the Asias ice fields mentioned in paragraph 4?ATo explain how glacier melting came about.BTo imply pollution is a worldwide problem.CTo show what consequences ice melting will cause.DTo indicate the Alps is not alone to face ice melting.19What is the writers attitude towards th

46、e future of glaciers?AObjective.BOptimistic.CCritical.DDoubtful.二、七选五Anxiety and depression are complex conditions. But can everyone benefit from teaming how to care for their mind? _20_ Self-Compassion （自我关怀）_21_ This can include feeling like you must be perfect to be accepted or an unrealistic sen

47、se of others expectations. The answer to perfectionism isnt letting it all go its self-compassion, which means you are kind and understanding when faced with personal failuresafter all, who ever said you were supposed to be perfect? How we treat ourselves through the ups and downs of life can have a

48、 huge impact on health and mental health. Social ConnectionFrom the time we are born , we need social connection in order to grow and succeed. _22_ It can be talking to one trusted person about how youre really doing or having a visit with any family member or friend. If this feels out of reach, try making a short list of people who at any point have given you a sense of belonging. _23_ ExerciseExercise can be important for preventing depression since having a sedentary