简单句和复合句1课件.ppt

1、v句子成分句子成分v构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分有主语，构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分有主语，谓语，表语，宾语，定语，状语，补足语和谓语，表语，宾语，定语，状语，补足语和同位语同位语v1.He is going to buy a pen.v2.We should learn from him.v3.He pretended not to see me.v4.I found it easy to answer this question.v5.I think that he is fit for his office.v宾语宾语v1.Lend me your dictionary.v2.Cou

2、ld you tell me the way to the railway station?v双重宾语，直接和间接双重宾语，直接和间接v1.His father named him Tom.v2.They painted their boat white.v3.Nobody noticed/saw him enter the room.v4.They found Guilin greatly changed.v宾补宾补v1.Shenzhen is a beautiful city.v2.I still have a lot of work to do.v2.Who is the man sha

3、king hands with you?v3.Who is the man that/who shook hands with you?v定语定语v1.How about meeting again at six?v2.Mr Smith lives on the third floor.v3.Last night he didnt go to the party because of the rain.v4.I shall go there if it doesnt rain.v5.The teacher came in,followed by a group of students.v6.I

4、 went there to see a friend of mine.v7.He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.v8.She worked very hard though she is old.v9.I quite agree with you.v指出画线部分的句子成分vHis wish is to become a scientist.vHe is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.vHe managed to finish the work in time.vThe apples tasted sw

5、eet.vWould you please tell me your address?vHe noticed a man enter the room.vIt is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.vTom came to ask me for advice.vHe sat there,reading a newspaper.vI found it important to master English.简单句简单句 复复合句合句v简单句只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）的句子叫简单句根据句子功能，简单句可分为类：v陈

6、述句陈述句v疑问句疑问句v祈使句祈使句v感叹句感叹句一、功能一、功能二、结构二、结构句子Try your bestv1.这家工厂在我们学校附近这家工厂在我们学校附近v2.这音乐听起来多美妙这音乐听起来多美妙v3.老师说得很慢是为了让大家听明白老师说得很慢是为了让大家听明白v4.他知道怎样用英语回答所有的问题他知道怎样用英语回答所有的问题句子功能分类一、陈述句一、陈述句v肯定句肯定句v否定句否定句二、疑问句二、疑问句v一般疑问句一般疑问句v特殊疑问句特殊疑问句v选择疑问句选择疑问句v反意疑问句反意疑问句四、四、感叹句感叹句vwhatvhowv把下列句子变成一般疑问句和否定句v1.He dares

7、 to tell the truth.v2.She found the work very easy.v3.He can work out the maths problem himself.v4.They have lived here for more than ten years.v就画线部分提问v1.This is my exercises book.v2.The first one is better.v3.There are nine cities in this province.v4.I go to see my uncle once a week.v5.They often

8、go to school on foot.v6.They have lived here for more than ten years.v7.They will graduate from school in two months.v8.The book cost me fifty yuan.v9.He didnt come to school yesterday because he was ill.反意疑问句反意疑问句 结构结构:问：问：+，-？或？或-，+？答：答：+，+.或或-，-.1)He is a good boy,isnt he?Yes,he is.2)You havent b

9、een to Japan,have you?Yes,I have./No,I havent.1.Tom hardly knows French,_ _?2.Mary didnt fail her exam,did she?-_,she didnt.3.You neednt come,_ you?You need to come,_ you?4.He had a good time there,_ he?5.He used to live in Leeds,_ he?doesheNoneed dont didntusednt/didnt注意注意:1.陈述部分的主语是不定代词陈述部分的主语是不定代

10、词 everything，something，nothing时，疑问部分的主语用时，疑问部分的主语用it.如：如：Everything seems all right，_?Something has gone wrong，_?2.陈述部分的主语是陈述部分的主语是nobody，no one，none，everybody，somebody，anybody，everyone，someone，anyone时，疑问部分的主语通常用时，疑问部分的主语通常用they，有时指个别意味重时则用有时指个别意味重时则用he。如：。如：Everyone has been told what to do，_?3.陈述部

11、分是陈述部分是I am时，疑问部分常用时，疑问部分常用arent I？如：？如：I am late，_?4.陈述部分的主语是从句、不定式、动名词或一个短语陈述部分的主语是从句、不定式、动名词或一个短语时，疑问部分的主语用时，疑问部分的主语用it。如：。如：What he said sounded reasonable，didnt it?Swimming in rivers is a good sport,isnt it?5.陈述部分的谓语动词是陈述部分的谓语动词是have to，had to时，疑问部分时，疑问部分常用常用do的适当形式。如：的适当形式。如：We have to get up

12、early in the morning，dont we?6.祈使句后面的疑问部分用法如下：祈使句后面的疑问部分用法如下：Help me with English，_?Dont do that，_?（不能用（不能用wont you）Lets go for a walk，_?Let us go now，_?Let me have a look，will you/may I?will you/would you/wont you7.当陈述部分带有情态动词当陈述部分带有情态动词must时，反意疑问句要根时，反意疑问句要根据据must的意思不同而有所变化的意思不同而有所变化I must hand in

13、 my exercise book now,_?You mustnt smoke at school,_?She must be your English teacher,_?He must have read the book yesterday,_?You must have been here before,_?8.当陈述部分是当陈述部分是I think,I suppose,I believe,I dont think,I dont believe时，反意疑问部分应于时，反意疑问部分应于that从句从句的主语和谓语保持一致的主语和谓语保持一致I think he will come to

14、 help us,_?I dont think he will come to help us,_?He thinks you are wrong,_?1.Your sister doesnt like collecting stamps,_?A.do she B.does she C.likes she D.doesnt she 2.Its a fine day.Lets go swimming,_?A.wont we B.will we C.dont we D.shall we 3.Jane helped him with his English,_?A.did she B.didnt s

15、he C.helped she D.didnt Jane 4.The boy ought to be punished,_?A.ought he B.oughtnt he C.ought he to D.ought he not 5.There wont be any concert this Saturday evening,_?A.will there not B.is there C.will there D.will it 6.I told them not everybody could do the work well,_?A.didnt I B.couldnt he C.coul

16、dnt they D.did I 7.Be sure to write to us,_?(NMET1993)A.will you B.arent you C.can you D.mustnt you8.Dont smoke in the reading room,_?A.do you B.will you C.can you D.could you9.He has hardly made any mistakes in his maths exam,_ he?A.hasnt B.does C.doesnt D.has10.He seldom has lunch at school,_?A.do

17、es he B.doesnt he C.has he D.hasnt he11.She never speaks to you in English,_?A.does she B.doesnt she C.can she D.cant she12.The Smiths used to live in London,_?A.used they not B.didnt they C.usednt he D.didnt he13.What a fine day,_?A.is it B.isnt it C.does it D.doesnt it14.He was careless,_?A.was he

18、 B.wasnt he C.was he not D.did he15.I dont believe its true,_?A.isnt it B.is it C.do I D.dont I 1.Your sister doesnt like collecting stamps,_?A.do she B.does she C.likes she D.doesnt she 2.Its a fine day.Lets go swimming,_?A.wont we B.will we C.dont we D.shall we 3.Jane helped him with his English,_

19、?A.did she B.didnt she C.helped she D.didnt Jane 4.The boy ought to be punished,_?A.ought he B.oughtnt he C.ought he to D.ought he not 5.There wont be any concert this Saturday evening,_?A.will there not B.is there C.will there D.will itBDBBC 6.I told them not everybody could do the work well,_?A.di

20、dnt I B.couldnt he C.couldnt they D.did I 7.Be sure to write to us,_?(NMET1993)A.will you B.arent you C.can you D.mustnt you8.Dont smoke in the reading room,_?A.do you B.will you C.can you D.could you9.He has hardly made any mistakes in his maths exam,_ he?A.hasnt B.does C.doesnt D.has10.He seldom h

21、as lunch at school,_?A.does he B.doesnt he C.has he D.hasnt heAABDA11.She never speaks to you in English,_?A.does she B.doesnt she C.can she D.cant she12.The Smiths used to live in London,_?A.used they not B.didnt they C.usednt he D.didnt he13.What a fine day,_?A.is it B.isnt it C.does it D.doesnt i

22、t14.He was careless,_?A.was he B.wasnt he C.was he not D.did he15.I dont believe its true,_?A.isnt it B.is it C.do I D.dont IABBB 感叹句感叹句 由由what 或或how引导，表示惊奇、愤怒、赞赏、喜悦等。引导，表示惊奇、愤怒、赞赏、喜悦等。What fine weather we have today!What a good time we had last night!How clearly you speak!How clever the boy is!How主

23、语谓语！主语谓语！How the wind blows!Practice Complete the sentences:1._(多美丽呀多美丽呀)the garden is!2._(多努力多努力)he works!3._(我多想我多想)to see you!4._(多美丽的画多美丽的画)this is!5._(多美妙多美妙)news!6._(多有趣的书多有趣的书)it is!What an interesting bookWhat wonderfulWhat a beautiful pictureHow I wantHow hardHow beautiful there be 存在句存在句 T

24、here is a clock on the table.There used to be a village at the foot of the mountain.There seems to be some misunderstanding.Exercises of the simple sentence:1._ the weather like in your home town now?A.How does B.How was C.Whats D.What was2._ part of English does your English teacher come from?A.Wha

25、t B.Which C.Where D.That3.The weather in the small village never gets too hot _ too cold.B.or B.and C.so D.But4._ nice weather!Lets go swimming.A.What B.What a C.How D.How a CBAA5._ it was to pick so many apples!A.What a hard B.What hard work C.How a hard work D.How hard work 6._ time we had last ni

26、ght!B.What good B.How good C.What a good D.How a good 7.-_ do you watch TV?-Once a week.C.How many times B.How long C.How much D.how often BCD8._ read in bed.It is bad for your eyes.A.Dont B.Not to C.Dont to D.Doesnt 9.Everything is getting on well with my studies,_ yours?B.How with B.what about C.w

27、hat is D.how are 10._ of the students in your class?C.How many is the number D.How much is the numberE.What is the number F.What are the numbers ABC11._ does the animal _?A.What look like B.How look like C.What look D.How like 12.-_?-July 27th,2000.B.What day is it today C.Where were you bornD.Whats

28、 the date today E.How long did you live there AC13.-The school is far away.You must catch a bus.-_ number do I need?A.Where B.What C.How many D.Which B简单句1.SV He has come.2.SVO He likes music.3.SVOOc He made me angry.4.SVOiOd He told me a story.5.SVP He is happy.6.There be vToms motherland was Franc

29、e.vJack became a skilled driver soon.vThe world is changing.vAdvertisements go everywhere.vThe house needs cleaning and repairing.vThe doctor taught me how to protect my body.vThe two man will not let him escape.vThe sweater keeps me warm.并列句一、联合并列句一、联合并列句vand,bothandvnot onlybut alsovNotnorvneither

30、nor二、转折并列句二、转折并列句vbut,yet,howevervWhile,whereasvall the samevafter all三、因果并列句三、因果并列句vso,forvtherefore四、选择并列句四、选择并列句vor,otherwiseveitherorvWhetherorv1.The singer is not well thought of_ his records do not sell well.vA.but B.and C.or D.whilev2.I want to pick up the programme,_ I havent got a radio.vA.

31、for B.so C.and D.butv3.Dont tell a lie any more,_ I wont make friends with you.vA.nor B.neither C.but D.orv4.Every person wants to keep fit,_ we need healthy food.vA.so B.and C.while D.butv5.The fire was very big,_,the firefighter put it out in half an hour.vA.but B.while C.however D.yetv6.There are

32、 some jobs that men can do well_vThere are also some jobs that men cant do well.vA.while B.because C.or D.sov7.He is over forty,_ he insists on learning another foreign language.vA.and B.so C.or D.stillv8.They didnt invite Dr Smith to the meeting,_ did we.vA,.either B.so C.neither D.and复合句复合句复合句是由一个

33、句子加一个或几个从句所构成的句子从句只用作句子的一个成分，不能独立根据从句在句子中的作用，可分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句三类句子结构1.简单句2.并列句3.复合句 名词性从句是由名词性从句是由if,whether,that 和各和各种疑问词充当连接词所引导的从句，其功种疑问词充当连接词所引导的从句，其功能同名词一样。能同名词一样。找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.Can you tell me how many students are there in your class?2.I dont know where

34、has he gone.3.The owner of the shop came to see what the matter was.Can you tell me how many students there are in your class?I dont know where he has gone.The owner of the shop came to see what was the matter.规律一：名词从句中须使用陈述语序！规律一：名词从句中须使用陈述语序！找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：4.We suggested that

35、we would go to the cinema.5.My idea is that we must do our homework first.We suggested that we(should)go to the cinema.My idea is that we(should)do our homework first.规律二：注意虚拟语气的使用！规律二：注意虚拟语气的使用！找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：7.If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.8.It depends on if

36、 the weather is suitable for us to do it.9.The question is if he himself will be present at the meeting.10.He asked me if I could go with him or not.Whether we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.It depends on whether the weather is.The question is whether he himself will be present.He asked

37、me whether I could go with him or not.规律三：规律三：4 4种情况只能用种情况只能用whether whether：（1 1）位于句子开头；）位于句子开头；（2 2）前面有介词；）前面有介词；（3 3）引导表语从句；）引导表语从句；（4 4）与）与or notor not连用。连用。找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books.2.That is hard to decide when and

38、where we will held our sports meeting.3.Everybody considers it impossible which he wants to finish the job in such a short time.4.It doesnt matter that you will come or not.ititthatwhether规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况 下可以借助下可以借助“it”it”而后置。而后置。1.I ask her _ come with me.A.if she will B.if wi

39、ll she C.whether will she D.will she 2._ he said is true.A.What B.That C.Which D.Whether 3.Can you tell me _?A.who is that gentleman B.that gentleman is who C.who that gentleman is D.whom is that gentleman 4.He didnt know which room _.A.they lived B.they lived in C.did they live D.did they live in 5

40、.To get the job started,_ I need is some money.A.only what B.all what C.all that D.only that 6.I have no idea _ far the railway station is from here.A.what B.how C.its D.that 7.Can you tell me _ the railway station?A.how I can get to B.what can I get to C.where I can got to D.where can I get to 8.Do

41、 you know _?A.what is his name B.how is his name C.what his name is D.how his name is 9._ you have done might do harm to other people.A.That B.What C.Which D.This 10.They have no idea at all _.A.where he has gone B.where did he go C.which place has he gone D.where has he gone 11.They want to know _

42、do to help us.A.what can they B.what they can C.how they can D.how can they 12.These photographs will show you _.A.what our village looks like B.what does our village look like C.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like 13.Can you make sure _ the gold ring?A.where Alice had put B.

43、where had Alice put C.where Alice has put D.where has Alice put 14.No one can be sure _ in a million years.A.what man will look like B.what will man look like C.man will look like D.what look man like 15._ the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.A.Whenever B.If C.Whether D.Th

44、at 16.Go and get your coat.Its _ you left it.A.there B.where C.there where D.where there 17.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.A.while B.that C.if D.for 18._ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.A.What B.That C.The fact D.The matter 19.Do you remember _ he came?Yes,I do.

45、He came by car.A.how B.when C.that D.if 20._ we cant get seems better than _ we have.A.What;what B.What;that C.That;that D.That;what 21._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where 22.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.A.however B.w

46、hatever C.whichever D.whenever 23.I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that _ you had a few days off?A.why B.when C.what D.where 24.These wild flowers are so special that I would do _ I can to save them.A.whatever B.that C.which D.whichever 25._ you dont like him is none of my business.A.

47、What B.Who C.That D.Whether 26.You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A.how they were excited B.how excited they were C.how excited were they D.they were how excited 27._ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A.What B.That C.How D.Where 28.I had neither a rainc

48、oat nor an umbrella._ I got wet through.A.Its the reason B.Thats why C.Theres why D.Its how 29.It was a matter of _ would take the position.A.who B.whoever C.whom D.whomever 30._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A.Who B.The one C.Anyone D.Whoever 31.It was _ he said _ disappoin

49、ted me.A.what;that B.that;that C.what;what D.that;what 32.Eat _ cake you like and leave the others for _ comes in late.A.any;who B.every;whoever C.whichever;whoever D.either;whoever 分类分类词形词形词义词义作从句成分作从句成分连接词连接词that-Whether/if是否是否连接代词连接代词Who(ever)（无论）谁（无论）谁主、表主、表Whom(ever)（无论）谁（无论）谁宾宾Whose(ever)（无论）谁

50、的（无论）谁的主、宾、表定主、宾、表定Which(ever)（无论）哪一个（无论）哪一个主、宾、表定主、宾、表定What(ever)（无论）什么（无论）什么主、宾、表定主、宾、表定连接副词连接副词when什么时间什么时间状状where什么地方什么地方状状how怎样，如何怎样，如何状状why为什么为什么状状名词性从句 名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句。特点：从句前都有关联词引导，从句的语序和陈述句语序相同。引导名词性从句的关联词有 1）连词：that,whether,if;2）连接代词:who,whom,whose,what,which;3）连接副词:when,why,wh