2021高考英语一轮复习Unit3Inventorsandinventions课时训练新人教版选修8.doc

1、 - 1 - Unit 3Unit 3 Inventors and inventionsInventors and inventions .阅读理解 2019石家庄市高三模拟考试(二)As carmakers push ahead with selfdriving vehicles, an Austrian aerospace company and its Chinese partner showed off their pilotless “flying taxi” for the first time in Europe on Thursday. The drone (无人驾驶飞机) h

2、ummed loudly as it rose above the ground at Viennas Generali Arena, home to soccer club FK Austria Wien. The slim plane, which weighs 750 pounds, circled in the air briefly and came down within a few minutes. The EHang 216, which can seat two passengers, has been tested comprehensively and is essent

3、ially ready for mass production, said Derrick Xiong, cofounder of Chinese drone maker EHang. The drone can fly at up to 150 km per hour for almost half an hour, FACC AG Chief Executive Officer Robert Machtlinger said. “It can travel between 50 and 70 kilometers depending on the load.” The passenger

4、capsule is small, with leg room that taller passengers might find less than adequate, an Austrian photographer who took part in a demonstration (演示) flight told Reuters. Joining the race for new autonomous aircraft services that do not require runways, EHang entered a strategic partnership last year

5、 with Austrias FACC AG, owned by Chinese aerospace group AVIC, aiming to offer shortdistance services for passengers, industrial equipment and urgent medical deliveries. FACC AG says it has already received several thousand orders for the $336,000 drone, with the highest demand in China. Competitors

6、 working toward offering autonomous flying cars early in the next decade range from aerospace company Airbus to Uber and AeroMobil. “Technically . urban mobility, flying without a pilot, is possible. Its not a dream，” said Machtlinger. “What is stopping us from going into larger volumes (量) is regul

7、ation，” he added. “A future legal framework for autonomous flying vehicles should regulate communication with other planes and helicopters and provide traffic rules，” he said. Austria supports international efforts to quickly establish the necessary regulation, said transport minister Norbert Hofer.

8、 He hopes that Austria will be the place where thousands of these air taxis will be built and that very soon we will see a lot of these air taxis in the air. 1What stage of development is the EHang 216 at? AIts being tested comprehensively. - 2 - BIts ready for mass production. CIts ready for demons

9、tration flights. DIts being adapted to customer demands. 2What do we know about the EHang 216? AIts maximum load is 750 pounds. BIt can carry two passengers. CIt can fly for almost an hour. DIt can travel over 70 kilometers. 3What is a big barrier to a wider use of flying taxis? ATechnical problems.

10、 BObjection of the government. CLack of related rules. DCompetition between aerospace companies. 4How does the author introduce the EHang 216? ABy comparing it with similar products. BBy explaining how it works. CBy providing specific data of it. DBy demonstrating its multifunctions. .七选五 2020沈阳监测一W

11、hoever wrote the song “Its the Most Wonderful Time of the Year” must have never experienced the holiday blues. Fortunately, psychological research suggests some effective ways you can use to beat the holiday blues. The key point is that sadness and other tough emotions are not what we should try to

12、avoid. _1_. Here are four strategies to help you make your own happiness recipe this holiday season. Dont force cheerDont force cheer At family gatherings with cousins you secretly cant stand, you tend to put on a happy face. Indeed, that might even seem like the most mature response no drama, no co

13、nflict. But a 2011 study followed dozens of bus drivers, looking to see when they gave forced or honest smiles at their passengers. The results showed when the drivers pretended to have a good mood, their actual moods got worse. _2_. Let out sadnessLet out sadness The results of the busdriver study

14、can be explained by researchers, who find that negative feelings like sadness or anger only increase when we try to control - 3 - them. _3_. We dont like contradictory behavior. Respond cautiouslyRespond cautiously Recently, scientists have been paying special attention to the benefits of caution. W

15、hen you respond cautiously to an emotional trigger, you pause rather than react at once. _4_. Besides, it is associated with less anxiety, and may even carry physiological benefits. _5_ Of course, the holidays will bring a mix of highs and lows, but the most important lesson to keep in mind is that

16、this variety of emotions might be the best thing possible for your overall wellbeing. In other words, sadness, anger, and other difficult emotions are nothing to fear. Just make sure youre balancing them with lighter experiences. And dont forget to give yourself a break. ARelax your mind BEnjoy a mi

17、x of emotions CWe tend to deny the important function emotions serve DInstead, they can help contribute to a healthy and happy life ESo trying to force happiness seems to have the opposite effects FA cautious response to a negative event reduces sadness we experience GWe feel bad when our appearance

18、 contradicts how we truly feel inside .完形填空 2020洛阳市第二次统考On Dec. 6, Kelsey Zwick boarded Flight 588 from Orlando to Philly with Lucy, one of her 11monthold twin daughters. Lucy was born 11 weeks prematurely and _1_ from severe lung disease as a result of a complication (并 发症) of that. The brave baby

19、girl was on oxygen _2_ until recently. Today, Lucy needs oxygen at night and while _3_ one small good deed reminded Zwick how “_4_” she and her husband, Yuri, truly are. “To the _5_ in 2D. I dont know you, but I imagine you saw us _6_. I was pushing a stroller (轻便婴儿车), had a diaper (尿布) bag on my ar

20、m and was also _7_ an oxygen machine for my daughter，” Zwick wrote on her post. “We _8_ the plane, sat down in our window seat and made _9_ to those around us about having to sit by my yellingbuthappy baby. The flight attendant came over and told me a gentleman was waiting to _10_ seats，” she wrote.

21、 “You were giving up your comfortable, firstclass seat to us. Not able to _11_ tears, I cried my way up the _12_ while - 4 - my daughter Lucy _13_！ She felt it in her bones too . real, pure goodness. I smiled and thanked you as we switched but didnt get to _14_ you properly，” the mom continued. “So

22、. thank you. Not just for the seat itself but for _15_. For seeing us and realizing that maybe things are not _16_ easy. For deciding you wanted to show a random act of _17_ to us. I cant wait to tell Lucy someday. In the meantime . we will pay it _18_.” Zwicks story touched the hearts of many, givi

23、ng rise to _19_ comments on the post that has since been _20_ over 164,000 times. 1A.recovers Bsuffers Cresults Dbenefits 2A.test Bhealth Csurvival Dsupport 3A.playing Bflying Csleeping Dgrowing 4A.astonished Bamused Clucky Danxious 5A.man Battendant Cassistant Dguide 6A.somewhere Banywhere Cnowhere

24、 Deverywhere 7A.filling Bpumping Cfollowing Ddragging 8A.booked Breserved Cpreboarded Dquit 9A.complaints Bcomments Coffers Djokes 10A.choose Bswitch Caccept Doccupy 11A.burst into Bgive back Chold back Dbreak into 12A.passage Bairport Cflight Dpilot 13A.shouted Bcrawled - 5 - Ctalked Dlaughed 14A.m

25、eet Bthank Crecognise Dgreet 15A.noticing Bdonating Creminding Dforgiving 16A.just Bright Calways Dever 17A.forgiveness Badvantage Ckindness Ddonation 18A.forward Bdownward Cbackward Dtoward 19A.passive Bsupportive Cpossible Dnegative 20A.made Bchosen Cresearched Dshared .书面表达 2020河南五校上学期联考假定你是李华，近期

26、你校要举行以“古韵展新风(Ancient Art and New Stage)”为主题的校运动会开幕式，请你写一封电子邮件邀请留学生朋友 Peter 来观看。要点如下： 1写信目的； 2开幕式时间； 3特色节目(太极拳表演等)。 注意：1.词数 100 左右； 2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _ _ _ _ 课时作业课时作业( (三十八三十八) ) .阅读理解 体裁：说明文 题材：科技 主题：无人驾驶“飞行出租车” 【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了奥地利航空公司和它的中国合作伙伴首次展示的无人驾 驶“飞行出租车”的相关情况。 - 6 - 【难句分析】 Machtlinger said. “It

27、 can travel between 50 and 70 kilometers depending on the load.” The passenger capsule is small, with leg room that taller passengers might find less than adequate, an Austrian photographer who took part in a demonstration (演示) flight told Reuters. (Para. 3) 分析： that 引导定语从句， 先行词是 leg room； who 引导定语从

28、句， 先行词是 an Austrian photographer。 译文： 乘客舱非常小， 个子高的乘客可能会发现上面带有的供腿脚活动的空间不太充足， 一位参加了一次飞行演示的奥地利摄影师告诉路透社。 1B 考查细节理解。本题问的是“EHang 216 处于什么发展阶段？”。根据题干中的 关键词 the EHang 216 定位到原文第三段第一句中的“The EHang 216, which can seat two passengers, has been tested comprehensively and is essentially ready for mass production”

29、可知，正确答案为 B。 2B 考查细节理解。本题问的是“关于 EHang 216 我们知道什么？”。由此可定位到 原文第三段第一句中的“The EHang 216, which can seat two passengers”可知，正确答 案为 B。 【干扰项分析】 飞机本身重 750 磅，而不是飞机最大装载量是 750 磅，故 A 项错误； 该飞机以每小时最多 150 千米的速度可以飞行大约半小时而非 1 个小时，故 C 项错误；该飞 机根据装载量可以在 50 千米到 70 千米之间飞行，故 D 项错误。 3C 考查细节理解。本题问的是“对于更广泛地使用飞行出租车的一个大的障碍是什 么？”。

30、根据题干中的关键词 a big barrier 定位到原文最后一段中的“What is stopping us from going into larger volumes(量) is regulation”可知，C 项“Lack of related rules” 的信息与此对应，由此可知正确答案为 C。 【技巧点拨】 间接类事实细节题考法 该类试题的选项不出现原文的直接信息，而是借助同义转换、概念解析、归纳事实等方 法对原文信息进行适当变换。如第 3 题，文章中指出“飞行出租车”的一个大障碍是规则， 即缺乏相关的规定。 4C 考查推理判断。本题问的是“作者是如何介绍 EHang 216 的

31、？”。根据文中第三 段的内容可知，作者是通过提供具体的载客量和飞行的具体距离和所需时长等数据来介绍 EHang 216 的，由此可知正确答案为 C。 .七选五 体裁：说明文 题材：社会生活 主题：缓解假期忧郁 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了缓解假期忧郁的四种策略。 1D 承接上文“The key point is that sadness and other tough emotions are not what we should try to avoid”可知， 负面情绪不是我们应该试图避免的， 且与下文中的“Here - 7 - are four strategies to

32、help you make your own happiness recipe this holiday season” 衔接，并结合下文介绍的策略可推知，此处表示负面情绪反而有助于健康、快乐地生活，故 选 D。 2E 结合本段小标题 Dont force cheer 和对本段的整体理解可推知，强颜欢笑会适 得其反，故选 E。 3G 根据上文中的“negative feelings like sadness or anger only increase when we try to control them”和下文中的“We dont like contradictory behavior”可

33、推知， 此处表示当我们的外表和内心的情感不一致时我们会感觉不开心，故选 G。 4F 根据本段小标题 Respond cautiously 以及空前一句中的“When you respond cautiously”和空后一句“Besides, it is associated with less anxiety, and may even carry physiological benefits”可推知，F 项符合语境，其中的“cautious response”也 是提示。 5B 根据空处所在位置可知，空处是段落小标题；根据对本段的整体理解可推知，本 段主要讲的是享受混合情绪，故选 B。 .完

34、形填空 体裁：记叙文 题材：个人经历 主题：让座善举 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。Zwick 带着 11 个月大的患病的女儿乘坐飞机，一位 陌生的男士跟她换座位，Zwick 非常感激他，并决心把这种乐于助人的行为传递下去。 【高频词回顾】 board v登上(公共汽车、飞机、火车等) switch v交换，调换 random adj.随意的 post n帖子 1B 根据空后的“from severe lung disease as a result of a complication(并 发症) of that”可知，Zwick 的女儿患有严重的肺病。suffer from“患有病”为固定

35、用 法。 2D 根据下文中的“Lucy needs oxygen at night”可知，这个勇敢的女婴目前一直 靠氧气维持生命。support“维持”。 3B 根据语境可知，女婴在飞机上需要氧气维持生命。 4C 根据下文可知，一位男士给她们让座。一个小小的善举提醒 Zwick 她和她的丈夫 Yuri 是多么幸运(lucky)。astonished“惊讶的”；amused“逗乐的”；anxious“焦虑的”。 5A 根据下文中的“told me a gentleman was waiting to _10_ seats”可知 A 项正确。 6A 根据上文中的“I dont know you”和

36、下文那位男士给 Zwick 让座可推知，此处 表示“我不认识你，但是我想你肯定在某个地方见过我们”。 7D 根据上文中的“Lucy needs oxygen at night”可推知，Zwick 推着婴儿车，胳 膊下面夹着一包尿布，还为女儿拖着一个氧气瓶。pump“涌出”；drag“拖，拉”。 - 8 - 8C 根据上文的内容可知，由于 Zwick 女儿的特殊情况，他们提前登机。 9D 根据语境可知，Zwick 坐在靠窗的座位上，和周围的人开玩笑说不得不坐在大喊 大叫但快乐的婴儿旁边。 10B 根据下文中的“I smiled and thanked you as we switched”中的“

37、switched” 可知，有一个绅士正等着和 Zwick 换座位。 11C 根据空后的“I cried”可推知，Zwick 不能控制自己的眼泪。burst into“突 然爆发”；give back“归还”；hold back“抑制，控制”；break into“突然开始”。 12A 根据语境可知，Zwick 因为这位男士和她换座位的善举忍不住哭了，在去那位男 士座位的走廊里哭。passage“走廊”。 13D 根据空后一句“She felt it in her bones too . real, pure goodness” 并结合空前的“while”可知，Zwick 在哭泣，而女儿笑了。

38、14B 根据空前的“I smiled and thanked you as we switched but didnt get to” 和空后的“properly”可知，当换座位的时候，Zwick 笑着感谢那位男士，但没有充分地表达 感谢。 15A 根据上文中的“but I imagine you saw us _6_”可推知，Zwick 不仅仅感谢 那位男士让的座位，更感谢那位男士的留心。notice“注意，留意”。 16C 根据语境可知，此处表示“看见我们这个样子意识到事情不总是容易的”。故 选 C 项。 17C 根据上文提到的一位男士给 Zwick 让座的举动可知，此处表示感谢你的善举。

39、 18A 根据语境可知，Zwick 受到了别人的帮助，并将把这个善举传递下去。故选 A 项。 19B 根据上文可知，这是一个正能量的故事，得到了网上很多人的支持。 20D 根据上文的内容可知，Zwick 的帖子得到了网上很多人的支持，还被分享了 164 000 多次。故选 D 项。 .书面表达 【范文赏读】 Dear Peter， Our school sports meet will take place next month. So Id like to invite you to come and enjoy its opening ceremony with the theme of

40、Ancient Art and New Stage. The opening ceremony is to be held on 15th March. It will be much different from previous ones since it is aimed to promote sportsmanship through traditional Chinese culture. Chosen students dressed in costume will perform Tai Chi, which must be one of the most attractive parts. In addition, traditional Chinese drums will be played. These special performances are sure to impress everyone present. - 9 - I do hope youll accept my invitation. Look forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely， Li Hua