2021高考英语一轮复习Module4GreatScientists课后提能练外研版必修4.doc

1、 - 1 - Module 4Module 4 Great ScientistsGreat Scientists .阅读理解 2019郑州市高三第三次质量预测For as long as weve known about it, humans have searched for a cure for cancer. Across the world, countless amounts of time and money have been spent on researching a way to stop this terrible disease. But now, it seems l

2、ike the answer could have been inside our own bodies the whole time. Recently, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the US, a government agency thats responsible for health care, approved a new form of gene therapy that could mean the end of a certain type of cancer. The therapy allows scientis

3、ts to “train” the immune(有免疫力的) cells of sick patients to fight leukemia a form of blood cancer that mostly affects young people. The exciting new treatment works by removing healthy immune cells from the patient, known as Tcells, which are then changed to be able to “hunt down” cancer cells. The ce

4、lls are then put back into the patient before they begin to get rid of the patients leukemia over time, similar to how the body fights off other illnesses. “This is truly an exciting new day for cancer patients，” Louis J. DeGennaro, president of The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society, said in a news releas

5、e. Up until now, a long and painful marrow transplant(骨髓移植) was the only option for many leukemia patients. In this procedure, healthy blood cells are taken from a donor and placed into the sick patient, who also has to go through chemotherapy (化疗) to allow their body to adjust to the new cells. But

6、 with a recovery rate of around 83% according to a news release published by the FDA its hoped that the days of painful trips to the hospital, or even death, are over for leukemia sufferers. “Were entering a new frontier in medical innovation with the ability to reprogram a patients own cells to att

7、ack a deadly cancer，” FDA representative Scott Gottlieb said in the release. “New technologies such as gene and cell therapies hold the potential to transform medicine and our ability to treat and even cure many incurable illnesses.” - 2 - 1What is the authors main purpose in writing the passage? AT

8、o compare different ways of curing leukemia. BTo report on a breakthrough in cancer treatment. CTo explore the potential of gene and cell therapies. DTo show scientists efforts in search of a cure for cancer. 2How does the new treatment for leukemia work? ABy using changed Tcells to destroy cancer c

9、ells. BBy replacing sick blood cells with healthy ones. CBy removing sick blood cells during a marrow transplant. DBy using chemotherapy to improve the patients immune system. 3What can be inferred about the new therapy for leukemia sufferers? AIt can save them many more trips to the hospital. BIt c

10、an improve their ability to fight off all kinds of cancer. CIt can give them a better chance of survival and recovery. DIt can reduce their pain in the process of the marrow transplant. 4What is Scott Gottliebs attitude toward gene and cell therapies? ADoubtful. BOptimistic. CWorried. DCasual. .完形填空

11、 2020长春市质量监测一I discovered the power of fear when I became stuck on my driveway. As much as I tried, I could not move my feet, _1_ they were crazyglued to the ground. The realization that my daughters were playing in Nancys house, just onehalf block away, paralyzed(使麻痹) my _2_， making me unable to mo

12、ve, Black _3_ was rising from behind the trees on the other side of the street and was enveloping three houses, making them barely _4_. Nancys house was one of them. I tried to _5_ to my daughters, hoping to see them run safely to my arms, but my voice was _6_ stuck stuck in my throat with no _7_ of

13、 coming out. There I stood, _8_， paralyzed and silenced by _9_， unable to protect the two little girls I loved _10_ even I had realized. Although _11_ in a body that couldnt move or speak, I could still hear. I could hear other mothers _12_ calling their children. I could hear a _13_ silence that co

14、vered the neighborhood instead of the usual happy voices of children. And, finally, I could hear the alarm of the fire engine. As the alarm _14_， “Were on our way，” it instantly _15_ the crazy glue that had _16_ my feet to the ground - 3 - and it _17_ the soundproof(隔音的) box that had silenced my voi

15、ce. As I continued down the driveway, two little girls, my two little girls, ran toward me from _18_ the street. They had come home to tell me about the fire in the garage next to Nancys house.Not only did my feet and voice _19_ now, but my eyes were also in good working order and had no trouble pro

16、ducing _20_. 1A.even if Bas if Cthough Das 2A.legs Barms Cears Deyes 3A.fog Bwater Csmoke Dcloud 4A.visible Bpossible Cresponsible Dcomfortable 5A.call on Bcall off Ccall in Dcall out 6A.yet Bseldom Calso Dstill 7A.trouble Bintention Cpatience Dpleasure 8A.selfless Bcareless Chomeless Dhelpless 9A.d

17、isease Benvy Cfear Dlife 10A.more than Brather than Cless than Dother than 11A.absorbed Btrapped Cinvolved Dincluded 12A.angrily Bconfidently Ccalmly Danxiously 13A.tiring Bboring Cfrightening Drelaxing 14A.sang Bannounced Ctold Dwhispered 15A.removed Bbrushed - 4 - Cput Draised 16A.adapted Bpainted

18、 Cexposed Dheld 17A.lifted Bunlocked Cfilled Dcarried 18A.across Bbehind Cover Dabove 19A.speak Bmove Cwork Dhear 20A.voices Bsteps Cthoughts Dtears .语法填空 2019成都第三次诊断Who built the first canal? Perhaps some people long ago, living in 1._ dry country, discovered that they could dig ditches (沟) 2._ (ir

19、rigate) their fields with the river water. And naturally in the days 3._ boats were the most important means of transport, canals were the easiest means of reaching a place. Furthermore, a ditch 4._ (join) two rivers proved efficient for boat travel. Today, most countries in the world have canals. E

20、ven in the 21st century, goods can be moved more 5._ (convenient) by boat than by some other means of transport. Some canals, such as the Suez or the Panama, 6._(save) ships weeks of time by making their voyage a thousand miles 7._(short). Other canals permit boats to reach cities that 8._(situate)

21、inland. Still other canals drain lands where there is too much water, help farmers irrigate fields without enough water, and provide water power for 9._ (factory) as well. Most of the canals have a long history. Canals existed in Egypt thousands of years ago. And the Grand Canal of China was begun a

22、bout 2,500 years ago, and took centuries to finish. During the seventeenth century, France built many canals that are still 10._ use today. .短文改错 石家庄市 2019 届高三模拟考试(二)I went to buy some traditional Chinese medicine on last Sunday. Just before leaving the drugstore, I noticed that some foreigners seem

23、s to have difficulty communicate with the assistant. I went over to ask if I needed. The assistant told me that she couldnt make herself understand about - 5 - how to boil the mixture correctly. Learning that I could give them the hand, they were relieved. Without some trouble, I translated that the

24、 assistant wanted to say. Both sides expressed thanks to me. I was delighted to help other. More importantly, as a Chinese, I felt proudly to see foreigners try traditional Chinese medicine. 课后提能练课后提能练( (二十二二十二) ) .阅读理解 【语篇解读】 治愈癌症是医学界的难题，大量的时间和金钱投入到研究一种阻止这种 可怕疾病的方法上。现在一种新的基因疗法给人们带来了治愈白血病的希望。该疗法通过培

25、养病人体内的有免疫力的细胞来对抗白血病。 【熟词生义】 treat (Para. 10. line 5)常用义：vt.对待，看待 例句：Dont treat me as if I were an idiot.别把我当傻瓜。 文章义：vt.医治，治疗 例句：She was treated for sunstroke.她因中暑接受治疗。 【难句分析】 Recently, the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) in the US, a government agency thats responsible for health care, approved a

26、new form of gene therapy that could mean the end of a certain type of cancer. (Para.2) 分析：句中“thats responsible for health care”为 that 引导的定语从句， 修饰先行词“a government agency”； “that could mean the end of a certain type of cancer”为 that 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词“a new form of gene therapy”，that 在从 句中作主语。 译文：最近，美国食品和药

27、物管理局，一个负责医疗的政府机构，批准了一项新的 - 6 - 基因疗法，该疗法可能意味着某种类型的癌症的终结。 1 B 考查主旨大意。 根据第二段“Recently, the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) in the US, a government agency thats responsible for health care, approved a new form of gene therapy that could mean the end of a certain type of cancer”并结合 全文其他内容可知，本文主要介绍了治疗癌症

28、的一项突破一种新的基因疗法，故 B 项正 确。 2A 考查细节理解。根据第四段的内容可知，该疗法通过改变后的 T 细胞来对抗身体 内的癌症细胞，从而达到治疗目的。 3C 考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段“But with a recovery rate of around 83%according to a news release published by the FDAits hoped that the days of painful trips to the hospital, or even death, are over for leukemia sufferers”可 知，根据美国食

29、品和药物管理局发布的新闻，利用这一方法的白血病患者的治愈率约为 83%， 据此可推知，这一方法有望给白血病患者带来更好的存活和康复机会，故 C 项正确。 4 B 考查推理判断。 根据尾段尾句 Scott Gottlieb 所说的话“New technologies such as gene and cell therapies hold the potential to transform medicine and our ability to treat and even cure many incurable illnesses”可知，Scott Gottlieb 认为，像基因 和细胞疗法

30、这样的新技术有可能改变医学，改变我们治疗甚至治愈许多无法治愈的疾病的能 力。据此可推知，Scott Gottlieb 对基因和细胞疗法的态度是乐观的，故 B 项正确。 干扰项分析：A 项意为“怀疑”，C 项意为“担心的”，D 项意为“不在乎的”，都与 文意不符。 .完形填空 【语篇解读】 这是一篇记叙文。当作者突然发现女儿待的地方被浓烟笼罩时，恐惧使 作者双脚动不了，也说不出话。听到消防车的警报声后作者终于恢复了正常，之后作者看到 自己的孩子飞奔而来。 1B 根据语境可知，作者拼命努力，但是双脚好像(as if)疯了似的，被粘在地上无 法移动。此处用 as if 引导方式状语从句。 2A 上文

31、说的是作者被困在车道上，脚不听使唤，且下文说作者不能移动，因此这里 应是说作者的双腿麻痹了。 3C 根据空后的“rising from behind.enveloping three houses”并结合语境可 知，此处表示黑色的烟(smoke)笼罩了三座房子。 4A 根据上文描述的黑色的烟升起，笼罩了三所房屋可知，这里表示烟使这三所房屋 几乎看不见了。visible“可见的”符合语境。 5D 根据上文内容可知，作者女儿待的房子被黑烟笼罩，作者应是想大声呼喊她们。 call out 表示“大声呼喊”。 - 7 - 6 C 文章开头说作者的双脚无法移动， 这里是说作者的声音也被卡住了， 因此用

32、also 表示“也”。 7B 根据语境并结合选项可知，此处表示作者的声音卡在喉咙里发不出来。 intention“打算”符合语境。 8D 根据上文对作者的描述可知，作者站在车道上，双脚动不了，说不出话，此时的 作者应是无助的(helpless)，因此选 D。 9C 根据文章首句中的“the power of fear”，并结合语境可知，此处为原词复现， 因此选 C。 10A 根据上文内容并结合语境可知，此处是说作者爱自己的两个女儿比自己意识到 的更多。more than“比多”符合语境。 11B 作者站在那里不能动，也说不出话。与前面多次出现的“stuck”呼应可知此处 选 B 项“受困的”。

33、 12D 根据上文的描述可知，在发生火灾这样紧急的情况下，其他孩子的母亲应是焦 虑地(anxiously)呼唤自己的孩子。 13C 作者此时心情焦虑，而且周边平时孩子快乐的声音没有了，整个街坊一片可怕 的(frightening)寂静。因此选 C。 14B 警报声宣告着消防车的到来。这里用 announce 来描述行进中的消防车发出的让 人避让的声音。 15A 根据下文提到的作者继续行进去接孩子可知，这里应表示消防车发出的声音立 刻就把粘住作者双脚的疯狂的胶水去除(removed)了。 16D 根据上文中的“stuck”、“glued”和“glue”，并结合语境可知，此处表示 的是把作者的双脚

34、保持(held)在地上的疯狂的胶水。 17B 根据语境以及该句中的“soundproof(隔音的)box”可知，此处表示警报声打开 (unlocked)了使作者发不出声音的隔音的箱子。 18A 根据上文中的“on the other side of the street”可知，此处与前面内容呼 应，应用 across 表示“在对面”。 19C 这里表示作者双脚能动了，也能开口说话了。故 work“运转”符合语境。 20D 根据上文的内容以及该句中的“my eyes”可知，此处表示眼睛也能流泪了。 .语法填空 【语篇解读】 文章主要讲述了运河的重要作用。 1a 考查冠词。此处泛指“一个干旱的国家

35、”，且 dry 的发音以辅音音素开头，故填 不定冠词 a。 2 to irrigate 考查非谓语动词。 这里表示挖沟壑的目的。 故用动词不定式表示目的。 3when 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为“days”， - 8 - 空处在从句中作时间状语，故用 when 引导该定语从句。 4joining 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，join 与主语 a ditch 为逻辑上的 主谓关系，故此处要用其现在分词形式作定语。 5conveniently 考查副词。此处修饰“can be moved”要用副词形式。 6save 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处

36、表示通过缩短行程能节省 船只时间，为一般性描述，应用一般现在时；句子的主语“Some canals”为复数，故填 save。 7shorter 考查形容词的比较级。根据语境可知，此处含有比较的含义，故填形容词 的比较级。make sb./sth.adj.为固定用法，意为“使某人/某物”。 8are situated 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处为一般性描述，应用一般 现在时；be situated 意为“坐落在”；此处表示位于内陆的一些城市。that 引导定语从句， 先行词为 cities，that 在从句中作主语，表示复数概念，故填 are situated。 9factories

37、考查名词的数。根据语境以及前面的“fields”可知，这里表示不止一 座工厂。故填 factories。 10in 考查介词。be in use 为固定用法，意为“在使用中”。故填 in。 .短文改错 I went to buy some traditional Chinese medicine on last Sunday. Just before leaving the drugstore, I noticed that some foreigners seems seemed to have difficulty communicate communicating with the as

38、sistant. I went over to ask if I was needed. The assistant told me that she couldnt make herself understand understood about how to boil the mixture correctly. Learning that I could give them the a hand, they were relieved. Without some any trouble, I translated that what the assistant wanted to say

39、. Both sides expressed thanks to me. I was delighted to help other others . More importantly, as a Chinese, I felt proudly proud to see foreigners try traditional Chinese medicine. 删除 last Sunday 前的 on。考查介词。表示“上周日”直接用 last Sunday，其前不 加介词 on。 seems 改为 seemed。考查动词的时态。根据文章内容可知，本文谈论的是上周日发生 的事情，应用一般过去时，故

40、将 seems 改为 seemed。 communicate 改为 communicating。考查固定句式。have difficulty(in) doing sth. 为固定用法，应用 communicating。 - 9 - needed 前加 was。考查动词的语态和时态。根据语境可知，此处指“我走过去问是否 需要我”，I 和 need 之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；且由语境可知，此处讲的是上周日发 生的事，应用一般过去时。 understand 改为 understood。考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处指她不能把自 己的意思说清楚，herself 和 understand 之间是

41、逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用 understood。 the 改为 a。考查冠词。此处表示帮他们的忙，应用固定短语 give sb. a hand。 some 改为 any。考查限定词。根据语境可知，此处表示“没有任何困难”，故应将 some 改为 any。 that 改为 what。考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导宾语从句，在从句中 作动词 say 的宾语，表示“的东西”，所以用 what 引导该从句。 other 改为 others。考查代词。此处表示“帮助他人”，应用 others，相当于 other people。 proudly 改为 proud。考查形容词。系动词 felt 之后应用形容词，所以用 proud。