粮食安全省长责任制课件.pptx

1、 粮食安全省长责任制 The System of Provincial Governors Responsibility for Grain Security2内容 Content粮食安全省长责任制一、问题的提出 The proposal of the problem二、提出的背景 The Backgrounds of the Proposal三、省长的责任 The responsibility of the provincial governors四、省长责任制的意义 The significance of the system五、如何落实省长责任制 How to implement the

2、 system3一、问题的提出The proposal of the problemn 1994年以来，中国实行粮食省长负责制，即“米袋子”省长负责制，规定：各省区市的行政首长(省长、主席、市长)负责本地区粮食的供需平衡和粮价的相对稳定。Since1994，China began to implement the system of provincial governors responsibility for grain security,namely,the responsibility for rice bag,which provides that all chief executiv

3、es(governors,chairmen,mayors)should be responsible for the balance of demand and supply of local grain,as well as the relatively stability of grain price.粮食安全省长责任制4n 2010年11月以来，国务院多次强调要落实好“米袋子”省长负责制，细化量化考核指标体系，强化地方政府责任，确保粮食的生产和供应。Since November2010,t he State Council has repeatedly emphasized the sy

4、stem should be implemented,the check-up index system should be detailed and quantitated,the government responsibility must be enhanced,the supply and demand of grain should be guaranteed.粮食安全省长责任制一、问题的提出The proposal of the problem5n 2012年3月5日温家宝总理在政府工作报告中强调指出:“落实好“米袋子”省长负责制和“菜篮子”市长负责制，保障主要农产品供给。”On

5、March 5th,2012,Premier Wen Jiabao pointed in his report on government work,that the system of provincial governors responsibility for rice bag and the system of mayors“basket”responsibility should be fully carried out,that the supply of major farm products should be secured.粮食安全省长责任制一、问题的提出The propo

6、sal of the problem6n 国务院2014年12月31日颁布：国发201469号文国务院关于建立健全粮食安全省长责任制的若干意见 The State Council enacted on Dec 31st,2014:NO.69 Document in 2014 of the State Council Several Opinions on establishing the system of provincial governors responsibility for grain security u意见明确指出：省长在维护国家粮食安全方面承担有责任 Opinions exp

7、ictly pointed that provincial governors are responsible for maintaining the state grain security粮食安全省长责任制一、问题的提出The proposal of the problem7二、提出的背景The Backgrounds of the Proposal粮食安全省长责任制n 1.中国国内粮食生产20042014年实现“十一连增”，一些地方存在放松粮食生产、忽视粮食流通、过度依靠中央的现象，自觉承担维护国家粮食安全责任有所松懈。The production of Chinas grain has

8、 increased in a row for 11 years since 2004 through 2014Chart 1 Total Output of Chinas Grain 2004-2014 Yrear Unit:10 000 tons年份20142013201220112010200920082007200620052004粮食总产量6070360194589585712154648530825287150160498044840246947粮食安全省长责任制l一些地方责任有所松懈具体表现在：The loose responsibility does exist in some

9、 places:（1）相当部分省份、地区偏重工业化和城镇化，忽视农业生产，占用大量耕地，导致粮食生产下滑；Numerous provinces lay more emphasis on industrialization and urbanization,neglect agricultural production,and impropriate a large amount of plow land,which bring about the declines in grain production;二、提出的背景The Backgrounds of the Proposal8粮食安全省长

10、责任制l一些地方责任有所松懈具体表现在：The loose responsibility does exist in some places:（2）过去的主要产粮大省，特别是沿海发达省份、地区，因农业比较利益偏低，导致粮食生产锐减；In the previous major agricultural provinces,especially in the coastal rich provinces and places ,the grain production declines sharply,as the agriculture comparative advantage is low.

11、二、提出的背景The Backgrounds of the Proposal9粮食安全省长责任制l一些地方责任有所松懈具体表现在：The loose responsibility does exist in some places:（3）现在的主要产粮大省，主要是华北、东北地区，因种粮比较利益偏低，出现大量的农业非粮化现象和比较严重的非粮化倾向。North and Northeast are the contemporary major agricultural provinces.As the agriculture comparative advantage is low,there is

12、 much agriculture non-food phenomenon and serious tendency for non-food phenomenon.二、提出的背景The Backgrounds of the Proposal10粮食安全省长责任制n 2.国内粮食生产成本快速攀升，粮食价格普遍高于国际市场，如何在“双重挤压”下创新农业支持保护政策、提高农业竞争力，是必须面对的一个重大考验。As the domestic production costs of grain rose rapidly,and the grain price is usually higher tha

13、n the international one,we are faced with a major test-how to innovate a new policy protecting agriculture,and raise competitiveness in the double pressures.二、提出的背景The Backgrounds of the Proposal11粮食安全省长责任制n3.国内粮食供求长期处于紧平衡，但农业资源尤其是耕地、水资源短缺，开发过度、污染加重，如何在资源环境硬约束下保障农产品有效供给和质量安全、提升农业可持续发展能力，是必须应对的一个重大挑战

14、。The supply and demand of domestic grain has been in tight balance for ages,but the agricultural resources,especially farmland,and water are in shortage,overexploited,and seriously polluted,how to ensure an effective supply of farm products,and how to safeguard products quality safety,enhance the su

15、stained development of agriculture in the environment constraints,we must rise to all the challenges.二、提出的背景The Backgrounds of the Proposal12粮食安全省长责任制n基本国情 basic domestic conditions：l中国是13亿人口的大国，粮食安全是实现经济发展、社会稳定和国家安全的重要基础。大国效应决定必须确保谷物基本自给、口粮绝对安全，把饭碗牢牢端在自己手上。China is a huge country with a population

16、of 1.3 billion people,grain security is the significant foundation of economic development,social stability and national security.Large-country effect must ensure that the grain is generally self sufficient,food is secure,and we are exactly in charge of our own food.二、提出的背景The Backgrounds of the Pro

17、posal1314三、省长承担的责任（8个方面）The responsibility bore by the provincial governors粮食安全省长责任制n 1.稳定发展粮食生产，巩固和提高粮食生产能力；Steadily develop grain production,consolidate and increase food production capacity;n 2.落实完善粮食扶持政策，抓好粮食收购，保护种粮积极性；Implement and perfect the grain supporting policy,put more efforts into grain

18、 purchasing,protect the enthusiasm of farmers to grow grain;15三、省长承担的责任The responsibility bore by the provincial governors粮食安全省长责任制n 3.管好地方粮食储备，确保数量充足、结构合理、质量良好、调用高效；Manage local grain reserves,ensure sufficient amount,reasonable structure,good quality and effective invoking;n 4.实施粮食收储供应安全保障工程，加强粮食流

19、通能力建设；Implement security system of grain purchasing and supply,strengthen the grain circulation capacity;16三、省长承担的责任The responsibility bore by the provincial governors粮食安全省长责任制n 5.深化国有粮食企业改革，促进粮食产业健康发展；Deepen the reform of state-owned grain enterprises,promote the healthy development of grain indust

20、ry;n 6.完善区域粮食市场调控机制，维护粮食市场稳定；Improve the regulating mechanism of regional grain market,maintain the stability of grain market;17三、省长承担的责任The responsibility bore by the provincial governors粮食安全省长责任制n 7.健全粮食质量安全保障体系，落实监管责任；Improve the guaranteeing system of grain quality and safety,implement the respo

21、nsibility forsupervision;n 8.大力推进节粮减损，引导城乡居民健康消费。Vigorously promote saving grain and cutting losses,guide the healthy consumption of urban and rural residents.18四、省长责任制的意义（4个方面）The significance of the system粮食安全省长责任制n1.维护和确保国家粮食安全，即保障国民的粮食有效需求，即口粮、饲料用粮、食品加工用粮、能源化用粮需求；既要保障足够的数量需求，又要确保质量安全需求。n maintai

22、n and ensure national grain security,namely,guarantee the national effective demand for grain,such as rations,grain for fodder and industrial uses，energy-oriented uses.take both quantity and quality into account.粮食安全省长责任制n2.发挥各区域的资源禀赋和优势，如土地、光照、降水、温度以及灌溉等，提高土地的粮食生产能力；如东北的光照时间长，南方的降水充沛、温度高，中原地区可一年两熟等

23、。Eelaborate each places advantage of resources，such as land,light,temperature and precipitation,irrigation.Improve the production capacity of grain,for example,Northeast has long hours of sunlight,the south enjoys abundant rainfall,and high temperature,Central China has two plantings a year.四、省长责任制的

24、意义The significance of the system19粮食安全省长责任制n3.实现各地部分粮食自给，有效减少国内交通运输压力和产地的粮食储备压力和过量储备运输造成不必要的损失。Reach self-sufficiency of some grain in all places,effectively reduce the pressure of transportation,of grain reserves in producing area,and reduce the unnecessary loss caused by excessive reserve transpor

25、tation.四、省长责任制的意义The significance of the system20粮食安全省长责任制n4.通过各地种粮规模化、集约化，可以确保种粮农民增收和粮食加工储运企业等获得规模效益。The farmers income will be increased,the processing and storage and transportation enterprises will gain economy of scale through the scale and intensification of agriculture.四、省长责任制的意义The significa

26、nce of the system21粮食安全省长责任制生产领域总产量=播种面积*单产消费领域口粮、饲料、食品、能源流通领域收购、储运、加工供给方农户、大户、合作社、公司粮食市场市场机制、市场秩序、政府监管田间 餐桌的粮食产业链条 =生产+收购+储运+加工+配送+消费需求方 供给方国企、私企、经纪人食品市场市场机制、市场秩序、政府监管需求方个人、餐饮业、单位团体巩固提高粮食生产能力切实保护农民种粮积极性抓好粮食收购管好地方储备增强粮食流通能力建设促进粮食产业健康发展保障区域粮食市场基本稳定强化粮食质量安全治理推进节粮减损健康消费省长责任领域主体市场中央政府的责任：强化保障措施和监督考核五、如何

27、落实省长责任制（9个方面）How to implement the system22粮食安全省长责任制Production fields 生产领域Total output=sowing area*per unit yield总产量=播种面积*单产Consumption field 消费领域rations 口粮、fodder 饲料、food 食品、energy 能源Circulation Field 流通领域purchasing 收购、storage 储运、processing 加工Supply-side 供给方peasants 农户、major households 大户、cooperativ

28、e 合作社、enterprises 公司Grain market 粮食市场mechanism、order、regulationfarmland 田间 dinning table 餐桌的粮食产业链条=product 生产+purchase 收购+reserve 储运+process 加工+deliver 配送+consume 消费Demand-side 需求方 Supply-side 供给方state-owned enterprise 国企、private enterprise 私企、agents 经纪人Food market 食品市场mechanism、order、regulationDema

29、nd-side 需求方individual 个人、catering industry 餐饮业、groups 单位团体巩固提高粮食生产能力切实保护农民种粮积极性抓好粮食收购管好地方储备增强粮食流通能力建设促进粮食产业健康发展保障区域粮食市场基本稳定强化粮食质量安全治理推进节粮减损健康消费Responsibilities省长责任Fields领域Bodies主体Market市场中央政府的责任：强化保障措施和监督考核Central Governments responsibilities：Reinforce supporting measures/supervision/examinaion五、如何落

30、实省长责任制（9个方面）How to implement the system23粮食安全省长责任制n 1.巩固和提高粮食生产能力（5个措施）Consolidate and increase grain production capacityl（1）严格耕地保护制度，坚决守住耕地红线（18亿亩），确保耕地面积稳定、土壤质量不下降.Tighten the land preservation system，implement the responsibility of 1.8 billion mu of arable land and resolutely defend the red line，

31、ensure the stability of land,and maintain the land quality.五、如何落实省长责任制（9个方面）How to implement the system24粮食安全省长责任制 规范耕地占补平衡：占一补一、先补后占、占优补优；粮食主销区确立种植面积底线；鼓励发展木本油料，减少与粮争地。standardize the balance of occupation and compensation of land:occupy one-acre plot,cultivate one,cultivating comes first,then occu

32、pying the land,both with the same quality;the main sale regions establish the bottom line of planting area,encourage developing wooden edible oil plants.五、如何落实省长责任制（9个方面）How to implement the system25粮食安全省长责任制 加强耕地质量建设，提高耕地基础地力，提升产出能力。占用耕地特别是基本农田：剥离耕作层土壤后再利用，开展补充耕地土壤改良和培肥。Strengthen the quality of cu

33、ltivated land,improve the basic land capability,improve the capacity of output.Cultivated land,especially basic farmland,can not be reused before the soil plough horizon is stripped,soil improvement and soil fertility should be developed.严格执行政府领导干部耕地和基本农田保护离任审计制度。Strict enforcement of the system of

34、government leaders till the land,and the system of protecting basic farmland and audit system when leaders leave post.五、如何落实省长责任制（9个方面）How to implement the system26粮食安全省长责任制l（2）按照总体规划加快建设高标准农田 Speed up the construction of high-standard farmland according to the overall planning 粮食主产区用好中央财政补助资金，落实配套措

35、施，大规模改造中低产田，把产粮大县建成粮食核心产区。Major grain producing areas shall utilize the allocations from the central government budget,actively carry out the matching measures,massively ameliorate medium and low yielding land,develop the major grain-producing counties into core grain-producing areas.五、如何落实省长责任制（9个方

36、面）How to implement the system27粮食安全省长责任制 粮食主销区、产销平衡区建设一批旱涝保收高产稳产口粮田。Develop farmland in the main grain producing regions,in the areas where production and marketing reach a balance,ensure stable yields despite drought or excessive rain,maintain high and stable production 加强农田水利建设，实施节水重大工程，解决灌溉最后1km。

37、Strengthen the construction of irrigation and water conservancy,implement major water saving projects,solve the irrigation problem till the last 1 km.五、如何落实省长责任制（9个方面）How to implement the system28粮食安全省长责任制l（3）加大财政投入引导社会资本参与粮食科技创新、推广运用 Increase financial input,guide social capital to engage in the in

38、novation of grain science and technology,as well as the popularization and application.培育、推广“高产、优质、多抗”粮油品种。Good varieties of cereals and oils with high yield,high quality and multi resistance shall be cultivated and popularized.开展粮食高产创建、增产高效可持续模式攻关，集成推广。Develop grain with high yield,establish a effi

39、cient sustainable mode,integrated promotion shall be put into reality.五、如何落实省长责任制（9个方面）How to implement the system29粮食安全省长责任制 加快发展农业机械化，强化农机农艺深度融合，实现粮食作物品种、栽培技术和机械装备的集成配套。Speed up the development of agricultural mechanization,strengthen the deep integration of agricultural machines and agronomy.Comb

40、ine the varieties of grain,cultivation techniques and machines,keep them integrated.建立基层农技推广机构、人员绩效考核激励机制。Establish institutions to promote basic agricultural skills,develop the performance evaluating system.五、如何落实省长责任制（9个方面）How to implement the system30粮食安全省长责任制l（4）建立新型粮食生产经营体系 Establish new sound

41、grain producing and operating system 培育种粮大户、家庭农场、农民合作社、产业化龙头企业等，给予其晾晒、烘干、仓储、加工等配套设施的建设用地支持。Develop large grain producing households,family farms,farmers cooperatives,and leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization,support them with construction land to dry,reserve,and process grain.五、如何落实省

42、长责任制（9个方面）How to implement the system31粮食安全省长责任制 建立健全承包土地经营权流转市场，鼓励有条件的农户自愿流转，流转要避免“非粮化”、坚决禁止“非农化”。Establish a sound market of the rights of contracting rural land,encourage peasant households with proper conditions voluntarily to transfer land,and during the process,non-food phenomenon of cultivate

43、d land shall be avoided,non-agricultural land shall be prohibited.采取财政扶持、信贷支持、政府购买等，积极发展合作式、托管式、订单式等粮食生产经营公益性、社会化服务模式。Adopt financial support,credit support,government purchasing,actively develop cooperative mode,managed service mode,and order-oriented mode for public welfare and socialized services

44、.五、如何落实省长责任制（9个方面）How to implement the system32粮食安全省长责任制l（5）增强粮食可持续生产能力 Enhance the ability of sustainable development of grain 发展节水、旱作农业，推广节能技术、测土配方施肥，坚决制止过度开发农业资源、过量使用化肥农药农膜、超采地下水。Develop dry-farming and water-saving agriculture,popularize energy-conserving technology,test soil for formulated fert

45、ilization,resolutely prohibit the excessive development of agricultural resources,prohibit overusing chemical fertilizer,agricultural film,as well as the over-draft of groundwater.五、如何落实省长责任制（9个方面）How to implement the system33粮食安全省长责任制l（5）增强粮食可持续生产能力 Enhance the ability of sustainable development of

46、 grain 推广机械化深松整地、保护性耕作、施用有机肥和秸秆还田、循环农业技术，加快实施土壤有机质提升补贴项目。Promote machinery subsoiling and land-preparation,and conservation tillage,apply organic fertilizer,introduce straw application,recycling agriculture.Speed up the implementation of subsidy for improving soil organic matter.加强农业气象灾害防御、病虫害防控等防灾减

47、灾体系建设。Strengthen the system of agricultural meteorological disaster prevention,of controlling pests and diseases.五、如何落实省长责任制（9个方面）How to implement the system34粮食安全省长责任制n 2.切实保护种粮积极性（3个措施）Protect the enthusiasm for grain growingl（1）落实和完善粮食扶持政策。Implement and improve the grain supporting policy.提高补贴政策的

48、精准性、指向性。Improve the precision and directivity of subsidy policy.新增补贴向粮食主产区、主产县、新型粮食生产经营主体倾斜。The new subsidies will emphasizes the major grain producing areas,major grain-producing counties and the new main body of grain production and management.加强监管，确保补贴及时、足额到生产者手中。Stronger regulation,ensure that t

49、he full subsidies are given to producers on time.引导支持金融机构为生产者提供信贷等金融服务。Guide the financial institutions to provide credit and other financial services.对粮食作物保险给予支持。Give support to the grain insurance.五、如何落实省长责任制（9个方面）How to implement the system35粮食安全省长责任制l（2）抓好粮食收购。Pay special attention to the grain

50、purchasing 根据种植布局和交通条件，统筹设立收购网点，方便售粮。According to the growing layout and traffic conditions,establish the purchasing networks.发挥国有粮食企业主导作用，鼓励引导符合条件的多元市场主体参与政策性粮食收购。Exert the leading roles of state-owned grain enterprises,encourage eligible various market body to engage in grain purchasing that is fo