英语考证练习3讲解课件.ppt

1、大副英语考证练习大副英语考证练习三三 English Exercises for chief officers 潘盛洪编潘盛洪编7.国际海事公约2451.A vessel emitting排放 harmful substances物质 into the air or spilling oil溢油 into the sea is _.A.Polluter污染船 B.Emitter发射体 C.Spiller使溢出者 D.Oiler 加油工 这是标准航海用语第2章术语中的定义。本题考词汇：polluter2452.Most minor小的 spills of oil products are cau

2、sed by _.A.equipment failure故障 B.human error 人为失误 C.major casualties大的伤亡事故 D.unforeseeable circumstances无法预见情 况 根据国际海事组织调查统计，80%以上的海上事故是由人为失误造成的。2453.LAND-BASED岸基 AUTHORITY机构 CONDUCTING进行 AND CO-ORDINATING协调 SEARCH AND RESCUE OPERATIONS IN A DESIGNATED指定的 AREA defines _.A.RCC 营救协调中心 B.OSC 现场指挥船 C.CS

3、S 海面搜寻协调船 D.GPS RCC：rescue coordination centerOSC：on-scene commanderCSS：coordinator of surface search本题考词汇：RCC2454.Which agency机构 assigns分配 an official number官方编号 to a vessel?_ A.Bureau of Shipping船检局B.Collector of Customs 关税收集人 C.Treasury Department 贵重物品部D.Coast Guard 船舶运行之前必须向政府海事主管机构登记注册，给予编号。它赋予

4、船舶以国籍和权利义务。这是美国题。2455.In _ convention,a vessel which carries more than 12 passengers shall be deemed as被看作 a passenger ship.A.COSCO B.STCW C.SOLAS D.MARPOL 安全是客船最重要的要求。2456.Instructions说明on how to conduct进行 search and rescue are given in the _ which is primarily主要 designed for use by merchant ship.A

5、.MARPOL B.IRPCS国际海上避碰规则公约C.SOLAS D.MERSAR商船搜寻与救助手册MERSAR：merchant ship search and rescue商船搜寻与救助手册提供了海空协同搜寻遇险船舶组织、程序和规则。本题考词汇：MERSAR 2457.The maximum draft to which a vessel can legally合法地 be submerged淹没is indicated by the _.A.Load Line mark B.Certificate of Inspection C.Station Bill D.Tonnage mark重载

6、重线是船舶最大吃水的标志。2458.A load line of a ship is assigned被指定 by _ A.Minerals Management Service矿产管理 局B.Department of Energy能源部C.Corps of Engineers工兵部队D.A recognized认可 classification society approved 2459.In the first 24 hours after abandoning a vessel,water should be given only to personnel who are _ A.th

7、irsty B.sick or injured C.wet D.awake 清醒的在救生艇上的淡水是按额定乘员每人3升配备（救生筏1.5升），可供满载人员7天使用（因为最初24小时内不供应淡水）。24小时后，每人每天0.5升。2460._ is not a process of weathering风化过程of the oil spilled in the sea water.A.Biodegradation生物降解B.Dissolution溶解C.Cleaning up by crew with skimmers撇油 器D.Oxidation including photooxidation

8、光氧 化作用油的风化是一个化学变化过程，是受水、大气、气温等因素作用后产生变化的过程。本题考词汇：weathering/skimmer2461.The agency机构which assigns指定load lines and issues Load Line Certificates in US is The _ A.American Bureau of Shipping美国船检局B.Secretary of Commerce商业秘书C.U.S.Customs D.U.S.Coast Guard 船舶载重线证书一般由政府海事主管机构授权给船级社之类颁发。2462.Load lines ind

9、icate the _ depth to which the ship may be loaded under various circumstances各种情况_ in different seasons季节.A.smallest/and B.greatest/or C.greatest/and D.smallest/or 2463.When a vessel violates违反an oil pollution act法令,who may be held responsible?_ A.Master only B.Owners only C.Licensed officer on watc

10、h D.Any individual connected with the vessel 船舶是一个整体，安全、防污染是每个船员的责任，所以，每个船员都被要求接受安全和防污染培训。2464.The crude oil washing installation装置and associated equipment附属设备and arrangements布置shall _ with the requirements established制定by the Administration主管机关.A.comply B.supply C.provide D.deny否认本题考词汇：comply with

11、符合 2465.As oil pipe line connections接头 were broken,_ quantity of oil was caused to spill onto the wharf and into the dock water.A.A not knowing B.an unknowing C.an unknown D.a not known 注意：分词与被修饰名词之间的逻辑关系：如是主谓关系，现在分词，如是动宾关系，则用过去分词。2466.How many PPM of the oily water can be pumped out within 12 miles

12、 along the China coast line?_ A.at least 15 PPM B.about 15 PPM C.up to 15 PPM D.no less than 15 PPM MARPOL公约规定向船外排放水的含油量不超过15ppm。2467.The document which shows a vessels nationality,ownership,and tonnage is the _ A.Manifest Certificate B.Bill of Lading Certificate C.Certificate of Nationality D.Offic

13、ial Logbook法定航海日志 2468.Oil slick浮油caused by spillage of oil from tanker ship is _ A.a drop of oil B.the emulsion乳化 of oil at sea surface C.the weathered风化的 oil D.the oil floating on the surface of the sea water本题考词汇：oil slick2469.The commander指挥员 of a rescue unit designated to co-ordinate search and

14、 rescue operations within a specified area is the_ A.General commander B.Commander general总指挥 C.Search commander D.On-scene commander现场指挥员这是标准航海通信用语中的定义。本题考词汇：On-scene commander2470.If you must pump bilges while a vessel is in port,you should pump only_ A.if discharge is led to a shore tank or barge

15、 B.during the hours of darkness C.on the outgoing tide D.as much as is necessary 船舶在港内时不允许排放舱底水，只能储存在污水柜内，如果无法储存，只能泵运到岸上污水接受设施。2471.Seaworthiness means _ the vessel with her master and crew is herself fit胜任 to encounter迎战 the perils of the voyage and also that she is fit to carry the cargo safely on

16、 that voyage.A.which B.where C.when D.that 注意：引导表示陈述句的宾语从句先行词一般用that。2472.Heavy fuel oils when spilled are _ A.more harmful to sea life than lighter oils B.easier to clean up than lighter refined oils C.less harmful to sea life than lighter oils D.not a real threat威胁 to marine life海生 物成品油对海洋生物的毒害效应要

17、远远大于等量的原油，主要是因为原油所含的毒性低分子化合物较少。石油污染对海洋生物的危害分2 类：窒息效应和毒性效应。原油中含有大量的高分子碳氢化合物，具有较高的黏度，因此原油泄漏的最大危 害是高分子化合物的窒息效应。第二类是指当生物体内脂肪或体液中油与其他碳氢化合物的摄入量达到一定浓度时，生物体内的代谢机制就会被破 坏。就第二种毒性效应而言，通常认为毒性大小依次为轻质燃料油重质燃料油原油。根据前面的论述，可以略知各类石油的相 关毒性。汽油、柴油等精炼石油中碳氢化合物的分子量一般较低，因此窒息或涂 敷效应可以忽略不计。但是由于精炼油中低分子碳氢化合物的含量比原油高，所 以在海洋生物摄入量相等的情

18、况下，精炼油比原油的毒性效应更为显著。2473.Any discharge into the sea of oil or oily mixtures from ships to which this Annex附则 of MARPOL 73/78 applies shall be _ except when special conditions are satisfied令人满意.A.required B.requested C.promoted D.prohibited 2474.Where a charter-party stated规定that errors过失 of navigatio

19、n were excluded除外的,it was held被认为 that these words referred to指 non-negligent无疏忽errors,and _ not wide enough to embrace包括 negligent errors.A.be brouhgt B.had C.are D.were注意句子中时态的一致性。这是指承运人的过失无责条款。2475.The carrier is entitled有权 to limit his liability责任 to the stated规定的 sum总数 per package or unit even

20、if he failed to exercise due diligence克尽职责to make the vessel _ A.to be seaworthy B.being seaworthy C.be seaworthy D.seaworthyLimit sth to 把某事限制在范围Make sb/sth+形容词/介词短语：使某人/某物.中远提单第12条：承运人对货物的灭失或损坏的赔偿责任应限制在每件或每计费单位不超过人民币700元，但承运人接受货物前托运人以书面申报的货价高于此限额，而又已填入本提单并按规定支付了额外运费者除外。2476.While loading bunkers加油

21、,you notice oil on the water near the vessel.What should you do first?_ A.Stop loading B.Notify the Port Authority C.Notify the terminal superintendent码头 监督员 D.Determine if是否 your vessel is the source源头 2477.A VESSEL,OTHER THAN除了之外 A RESCUE UNIT,DESIGNATED被指定 TO CO-ORDINATE协调 SURFACE SEARCH AND RESC

22、UE OPERATION WITHIN A SPECIFIED AREA is known as _ A.salving vessel B.Co-ordinator surface search C.MERSAR D.the vessel being salved 2478.Regardless of无论 local requirements/regulations,when in a.U.S.port,all oil spills must be reported to_ A.Environmental Protection Agency环境保护局 B.Minerals Management

23、 Service C.National Response Center 应对中心(USCG)D.All of the Above MARPOL公约规定，在SOPEP中，应有油污事故报告程序，报告对象是最近沿岸国主管机关。2479.You detect oil around your tank vessel while discharging.The FIRST thing to do is _ A.try to find out where the oil is coming from B.call the Master C.have the pumpman check the dischar

24、ge piping D.shut down operations 2480.Temporary Certificates of Inspection临时检验证书are effective until the _ A.SOLAS Certificate is issued B.Load Line Certificate is renewed C.classification society approval is issued D.permanent永久 Certificate of Inspection is issued 当船舶发生海损、机损，改变航区，改变用途，更改船名、船籍港或船舶所有人

25、，要求证书展期，以及其他原因影响船舶航行安全时，应申请临时检验。临时检验后，验船机构应发给相应的证书。本题考词汇：temporay/permanent 2481.A fuel line燃油管 breaks破裂,sprays飞溅 fuel on the hot exhaust manifold排气总管,and catches fire着火.Your FIRST action should be to _ A.batten down封闭 the engine room B.start the fire pump C.apply使用 carbon dioxide to the fire D.shut

26、 off the fuel supply 2482.The Tanker has in operation,except as provided for in Regulation 15(5)and(6)of Annex A of MARPOL 73/78,an oil discharge monitoring and control system and _as required A.an IGS 惰性气体系统 B.a scriber C.a P/V 通风管道 D.a slop tank污油舱 arrangement MARPOL公约附则I中防油污结构要求：机舱要有残油舱（sludge ta

27、nk)，油轮货区要有专用压载舱、污油水舱。放油污设备要求：机舱要有油水分离器，油轮货区要有排油监控系统、原油洗舱等。注意：has 的宾语在后面2483.Every oil tanker operating with dedicated专用的 clean ballast tanks shall be_ with a Dedicated Clean Ballast Tank Operation Manual手册 detailing详细说明 the system and specifying operational procedures A.complied B.replied C.divided

28、D.provided MARPOL73/78公约附录I第十三A条4：每艘采用清洁压载舱办法的油船，均应备有一本详细说明该系统并列有操作程序的清洁压载舱操作手册，该手册应使主管机关认为满意，并应包括本条（2）所述技术条件中开列的全部资料，如果进行了对清洁压载舱系统有影响的变更，则操作手册也应作相应的修订。本题考词汇：provided with2484.The government of PR China _ that the above-mentioned ship complies with 符合 the provisions of the regulations annexed附则 to t

29、he Convention referred to above上面提及的as regards 关于 radiotelegraphy and radar.A.certifies （用证书）证明 B.confirms C.contains D.construes 解释本题考词汇：certify2485.In the case of new crude oil tankers,the additional ballast permitted shall be carried in cargo tanks only if such tanks have been _ before departure

30、from an oil unloading port or terminal.A.inerted 充注惰性气体 B.crude oil washed C.diluted 稀释 D.cleaned MARPOL73/78公约附录I第十三条4：对于新原油油船，本条（3）所许可的额外压载水应只装载在该船驶离卸油港或卸油站之前业已按本附则第13B条以原油清洗过的货油舱内。2486.The total quantity of oil discharge into the sea _for existing tankers 1/15000 of the total quantity of the part

31、icular cargo or which the residue formed a part.A.does not exceed B.should exceed C.should be up to D.should be no more than MARPOL73/78公约附录I第九条1(a)(v)：排入海中的总油量，对于现有油船而言，不得超过这项残油所属的该种货油总量的1/15000，对于新油船而言，不得超过这项残油所属的该种货油总量的1/30000。2487.After an occurrence发生 of oil pollution,what shall be done first b

32、y a vessel in Chinese port?_ A.use oil dispersant消油剂 B.try to collect the oil on deck C.report to Harbor Master and try to collect the spilled oil D.wait for investigation调查 by Harbor Master 根据MARPOL公约附则I中油污应急计划（SOPEP），一旦出现油污染事件，要马上向沿岸国报告。2488.A 30,000 DWT tankship is required to have an IOPP certif

33、icate when_ A.engaged in the coastwise trade近海航行 B.going foreign C.calling at ports in another country signatory 签约国 to MARPOL 73/78.D.carrying cargoes listed in the MARPOL regulations.MARPOL公约规定凡航行前往其他缔约国所辖港口的船舶必须持有IOPP证书。以下三种情况IOPP证书失效：未许可对船舶做重大改变；未进行规定的期间检验；船舶改挂另一国国旗。本题考词汇：country signatory2489.T

34、he oil residues which cannot be discharged into the sea in compliance with根据 MARPOL-73/78 shall be _ A.discharged to into special area B.discharged into national waters C.discharged into the designated zone D.retained保留 on board or discharged to reception facilities接收设施MARPOL公约规定，400总吨以上货船如果焚烧炉无法工作，

35、渣油不能排放，只能储存在渣油舱内，到港后排放到岸上接受设施。2490.SOLAS is the abbreviation of _ A.International Maritime Dangerous Goods Carried by Sea B.International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Gases in Bulk C.International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea D.International Regulations for P

36、reventing Collisions at Sea 2491.This is to certify that at an intermediate survey required by regulation 10 of chapter I of the Protocol议定书of 1978 relating to the International Convention far the Safety of Life at sea,1974,this ship was _ to comply with the relevant provisions of that Protocol.A.fo

37、und B.detected C.shown D.seen 2492.You discharge garbage overboard at sea.When recording your vessels position as required,you must include _ A.latitude,longitude and estimated distance from shore B.latitude,longitude and approximate depth of water C.latitude,longitude,course,speed and a copy of tha

38、t days noon position D.Latitude and longitude only 垃圾必须在MARPOL公约规定的离岸3海里以上才能入海，并且记录在垃圾记录本。2493.Whenever visible traces of oil油迹are observed on or below the surface of the water in the immediate vicinity of ship or its wake尾流,Governments of Parties to the Convention should,to the extent到程度 they are r

39、easonably able to do so,promptly快速地_ the facts bearing on与有关 the issue问题 of whether there has been a violation违反 of the provisions of this Regulation or Regulation 10 of this Annex of MARPOL 73/78.A.observe B.investigate C.see D.look MARPOL公约附则I第九条3：凡在紧邻船舶或其迹流的水面上或水面下，发现有明显的油迹时，在合理可行的范围内，缔约国政府有权对有无违

40、反本条或第10条规定的有关事实立即进行调查。2494.You are the Captain of a 30,000-DWT tanker.The vessel is engaged in trade with another country signatory签约国to MARPOL 73/78.Which statement is TRUE?_ A.The Certificate of Inspection检验 serves as prima facie evidence初步证据 of complying with MARPOL 73/78.B.The IOPP Certificate i

41、s valid for 4 years.C.An IOPP Certificate is invalidated失效 if the ship carries cargoes outside the classes authorized thereon被批准的类别.D.An IOPP Certificate is renewed at each inspection for certification.2495.In case of a ship of less than 400 tons gross tonnage other than an oil tanker whist outside

42、the _Administration shall ensure that it is equipped as far as practicable and reasonable with installations to ensure the storage of oil residues with the requirements of MARPOL 73/78.A.special area B.national waters C.the designated zone D.the designated channels MARPOL公约附则I第九条2：小于400总吨的非油船，当其在特殊区

43、域以外时，主管机关应保证该船在合理和可行的范围内设有将残油留存在船上并能将其排入接收设备或按本条（1）（b）规定的要求排放入海的各项装置。2496.Every new crude oil tanker of 20000 tons deadweight and above and every new product carrier成品油船 of 30000 tons deadweight and above shall be _ with segregated ballast tanks.A.complied B.provided C.divided D.supplied 2497.The Ch

44、arterers shall have the privilege特权 to ship dangerous cargo in accordance with _ Code or any competent authorities regulations,as applicable.A.IMDG B.Hague C.SOLAS D.MARPOL 2498.The Safety Equipment Certificate shows that the vessel conforms to符合the standards of the _ A.MSA B.American Bureau of Ship

45、ping C.American Salvage Association救助协会 D.SOLAS Convention 2499.The Safety of Life at Sea Convention was developed by the _.A.IMDG conferenceB.American Bureau of ShippingC.International Maritime OrganizationD.American Institute of Maritime Shipping2500.Safety of navigation is dealt with被论述 in chapte

46、r V of the SOLAS Convention which identifies标识 certain navigation safety services which should be provided by Contracting Governments缔约国政府and sets forth提出 provisions of an operational nature applicable in general to all ships on all voyages.This is _the Convention as a whole总体上.A.in contrast to 和.形成

47、对比 B.in compliance with C.the essence实质 of D.Representing SOLAS公约第5章论述的航行安全标识了某些缔约国政府应当提供给所有在航行水域航行的船舶的航行安全设备，并且提出了适用于所有船舶的一般的设备操作性质的规定。这在总体上是本公约的实质内容。2501.An oil tanker with dedicated clean ballast tanks shall have adequate tank capacity dedicated solely仅仅 to the carriage of _ as defined根据规定.A.clea

48、n ballast B.crude oil C.fresh water D.fuel oil2502.How is the Master or operator of a vessel required to keep the crew informed of the regulations concerning the discharging of garbage overboard?_ A.Give each crewmember a copy of ANNEX V of MARPOL.B.Call an all hands meeting before sailing.C.Keep pl

49、acards公告牌prominently显著地 posted.D.Have each person read and sign a copy of the regulations.船舶垃圾处理程序应在公共场合张贴明示。2503.Biodegradation生物降解of the oil slick浮油in sea water is assisted被帮助 by all the following marine micro-organisms微生物which are capable of metabolising分解 oil compounds化合物except _ A.bacteria细菌B.m

50、oulds霉C.yeasts酵母（菌）D.seals海豹2504.Gasoline vapor汽油气体tends容易 to collect _ A.above the floor plates机舱花铁板 of the bilges B.above the carburetor化油器level C.at the lowest point of the bilge areas D.at no particular level 由于汽油、柴油等可燃气体比重比空气大，所以容易下沉。2505.How many GMDSS operators are needed/required on board ac