高三英语《主谓一致 特殊句式》课件.pptx

1、Subject-verb Agreement主谓一致1.(2018全国卷全国卷)While running regularly cant make you live forever,the review says it _(be)more effective at lengthening life than walking,cycling or swimming.2.Leaving the less important things until tomorrow _ (be)acceptable.（2016全国卷全国卷I）isis主谓一致 定义：定义：句子中的句子中的谓语谓语部分必须部分必须和

2、和主语主语在在人称和数人称和数上保持一致上保持一致。重要性重要性：1.语法填空中所给动词作谓语时，要考虑语法填空中所给动词作谓语时，要考虑主谓一致主谓一致。2.短文改错中也常有主谓一致错误。短文改错中也常有主谓一致错误。主谓一致与高考主谓一致与高考 定义定义一、一、谓语动词用单数形式谓语动词用单数形式的情形的情形序序号号主语形式主语形式谓语形谓语形式式备注备注1单数名词、不可数名词、单个动词不定式短语、单个单数名词、不可数名词、单个动词不定式短语、单个动名词（短语）以及单个主语从句作主语时动名词（短语）以及单个主语从句作主语时单数单数 2用用and连接的两个名词表示同一人、同一物或同一概连接的

3、两个名词表示同一人、同一物或同一概念（后一个名词前无冠词）作主语时念（后一个名词前无冠词）作主语时单数单数 3each，every，no+单数名词作主语，即使有单数名词作主语，即使有and连接连接时。时。如，如，every boy and(every)girl单数单数each做同做同位语时谓语位语时谓语动词与主语动词与主语保持一致保持一致4“more than one 或或many a+单数名词单数名词”作主语时作主语时单数单数意义为复数意义为复数序序号号主语形式主语形式谓语形谓语形式式备注备注5“the number of复数名词复数名词”作主语时作主语时单数单数与与a number of

4、对比对比6表示距离、长度、价值、金额、重量等的复数名词常表示距离、长度、价值、金额、重量等的复数名词常作为一个整体作主语时作为一个整体作主语时单数单数 7有些以有些以s结尾表示学科名称的词，如结尾表示学科名称的词，如physics,mathematics,economics,politics等，以及用作书名、等，以及用作书名、地名、国名的复数名词作主语地名、国名的复数名词作主语单数单数.高考与单句填空高考与单句填空.1-1.It is important to remember that success _(be)a sum of small efforts made each day and

5、 often _(take)years to achieve.(湖南卷，单选改编湖南卷，单选改编,27)1-2.The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby.(辽宁卷，改错辽宁卷，改错)2.A teacher of English and class teacher often _（tell）us something about volunteer workers.（2020江西省余江一中高三第四江西省余江一中高三第四次模考，单选改编次模考，单选改编)3-

6、1.-Did you go to the show last night?-Yeah!Every boy and every girl in the area _ (invite).3-2.We each_(have）strong points，but each of us on the other hand _（have）weak points.istakeshastellswas invitedhavehas【高考链接与经典试题高考链接与经典试题】12/3/2022 4.It is reported that many a new house _(build)in the disaster

7、 area now.5.The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities have been rising steadily since 1990.(单句改错单句改错)6.I suppose twenty dollars _(be)a big sum to her.7-1.The teacher together with the students is discussing Reading Skills that are newly published in America.(单句改错单句改错)7-2.Mathemat

8、ics _(be)the language of science.7-3.The United States of America _(be)one of the most developed countries in the world.is being builtishasisisis二、谓语动词用复数形式的情形序号序号主语形式主语形式谓语形式谓语形式备注备注1复数名词复数名词,以及以及由连接由连接词词 and 或或 both and 连接连接的名词的名词复数复数 2有些名词，如有些名词，如people,cattle，police等没有单等没有单数形式，作主语时，谓语动词只能用复数。数形式

9、，作主语时，谓语动词只能用复数。复数复数形式上形式上是单数是单数3“a number of复数名词复数名词”作主语时作主语时复数复数【高考链接与经典试题高考链接与经典试题】1.Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky.(陕西陕西卷，改错卷，改错)2.Usually cattle _(allow)to eat grass in this area.3.A great number of visitors _(attract)to my hometown,and the number of foreigners there is

10、quite large.are allowedwereare attracted三、谓语动词既可以是单数形式也可以复数形式的情形三、谓语动词既可以是单数形式也可以复数形式的情形序序号号主语形式主语形式谓语形式谓语形式备注备注1“名词名词/代词代词+as well as,with,together with,along with，but,except,besides,in addition to,including,like,rather than,+名词名词”结构作主语结构作主语时，时，取决于其前面取决于其前面的名词的名词/代词代词常被称常被称为为“就就远原则远原则”2当当eitheror；n

11、eithernor；not onlybut also；notbut;or；nor等并列连词连接两个等并列连词连接两个主语以及主语以及there be句型句型取决于跟谓语取决于跟谓语动词最近的名动词最近的名词词/代词代词常被称常被称为就近为就近原则原则三、既能跟单数又能跟复数的情形序序号号主语形式主语形式谓语形式谓语形式备注备注3由由“a lot of,lots of,plenty of,the rest of,the majority of+名词名词/代词代词”构成的短语以构成的短语以及由及由“分数或百分数分数或百分数+of+名词名词”构成的短语构成的短语作主语时作主语时取决于取决于of后后的

12、名词的名词4“one of+复数名词复数名词+who/which/that”引导引导的定语从句中，的定语从句中，who/which/that 做主语时做主语时复数复数one前有前有the only、the very修修饰时用单饰时用单数数【高考链高考链接接】1.The famous musician，as well as his students，_（invite）to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.2.Onethird of the country _(cover)with trees and t

13、he majority of the citizens _(be)black people.3.-Is everyone here？-Not yet.Look,there _(come)the rest of our guests!4.Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _(wear)evening dress.5.Either you or one of your students _(be)to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.was invit

14、edis coveredarecomewearsis需要根据需要根据所代表词来所代表词来决定谓语的单复数形式的情形决定谓语的单复数形式的情形序序号号主语形式主语形式谓语形式谓语形式备备注注1all、what、such等充当主语时等充当主语时取决于所指代取决于所指代之词之词 2在定语从句中，关系代词在定语从句中，关系代词 that,who,which等作主语时等作主语时取决于先行词取决于先行词【高考链接与经典试题高考链接与经典试题】1-1.All we need_(be)a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit

15、 trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.1-2.What we need _(be)hard work.What we need _(be)suitable materials.2-1.The factory used 65 percent of the materials,the rest of which _(be)saved for other purposes.2-2.Any student who _(be)interested is welcome to participate.isisarewereis 序序号号主语形式

16、主语形式谓语形式谓语形式备备注注1由由“kind/form/type/sort/species/series+of+名词名词”作主语时；作主语时；“复数复数名词名词+of this kind/form/type/sort/species/series 作主语时作主语时取决于取决于of 前前的词的词 2“a large quantity/large amount of+名名词词”作主语时；作主语时；“large quantities of,large amounts of +名词名词”作主语时作主语时取决于取决于quantity和和 amount 1.All kinds of difficult

17、ies_(have)to be overcome.This kind/sort of questions _(be)very difficult.Questions of this kind/sort _(be)very difficult.2.With more forests being destroyed,huge quantities of good earth _(wash)away each year.haveisareare being washed【高考链接与经典试题高考链接与经典试题】集合名词作主语的情形序序号号主语形式主语形式谓语形式谓语形式备注备注 集合名词，如集合名词，

18、如public，family,enemy,audience，government，group，committee，team，media，staff，crew等作主语时，等作主语时，取决于这取决于这些词的意些词的意义义整体意义整体意义时用单数；时用单数；个体（成个体（成员）意义员）意义时用复数时用复数【经典试题】【解析解析】答案：答案：is；are。第一空第一空中中 family 指代指代 整体整体,第二空第二空中中 family 指代指代 家庭成员家庭成员The family _(be)a big one.The family _(be)all music lovers.单复数同形的名词作主语

19、的情形序序号号主语形式主语形式谓语形式谓语形式备注备注 单复数同形的名词单复数同形的名词sheep，deer，fish，means，species，Chinese，Japanese，series作主语时作主语时取决于其前取决于其前面的修饰词面的修饰词every+单数单数名词；名词；all+复数名复数名词词 Every+单数名词单数名词，所以，所以主语主语 means 为为单数单数，且，且根根据句意判断用据句意判断用现在完成时现在完成时。Every possible means _（use）to prevent the air pollution,but the sky is still not

20、 clear.has been used【经典试题】the+形容词作主语的情形形容词作主语的情形序序号号主语形式主语形式谓语谓语形式形式备备注注1“the+形容词或过去分词形容词或过去分词”表示一表示一类人时类人时复数复数 2“the+形容词形容词”表示一种抽象概念表示一种抽象概念或品质时或品质时单数单数 the wounded 表表一类人一类人，谓语动词用，谓语动词用复数复数；The beautiful 表表抽象事物抽象事物用用单数单数形式。形式。The wounded _(save)by the villagers at last.The beautiful _(be)not always

21、 the good.were savedis【经典试题】【一、易错点汇一、易错点汇总总】1.Our class _ a big one.Our class _ fond of English.（be)2.The trousers _ mine.This pair of trousers _ mine.(be)3.Apples of this kind_ well.This kind of apples _ well.(sell)3.The population of China _ far larger than that of Japan.Eighty percent of the popu

22、lation in China _ farmers.(be)4.Every means _ been tried to solve the problem.All means _ been tried to solve the problem.(have)5.The aged _ being cared for in the community.The unknown _ always something to be feared.(be)6.A singer and dancer _ been invited to the party.A singer and a dancer _ been

23、 invited to the party.（have)isareareissellsellsisarehashaveareishashave 7.Tom is one of the workers who _(be)fired by the company last week.Tom is the only one of the workers who _(be)fired by the company last week.8.A large quantity of water _wasted every year.Large quantities of water _wasted ever

24、y year.(be)areisisare【一、易错点汇一、易错点汇总总】【二、用所给词的正确形式填空并熟读二、用所给词的正确形式填空并熟读。】My seatmate James,whose parents 1._ (teach)English in Changsha for ten years,2._(come)from the United States,which 3._(be)one of the most developed countries in the world.He as well as his parents 4._(enjoy)living in Changsha be

25、cause neither James nor his parents 5._(find)it difficult to adapt to the life in China.In their opinion,many a custom here 6._(be)easy to understand and ten years 7._(be)enough for them to get used to all the customs.I,together with James,extremely 8._(like)English but physics 9._(seem)rather diffi

26、cult for us.Besides,both he and I 10._(be)very fond of reading story books,and the Arabian Nights 11._(be)one of the most interesting books that 12._ (read)by us.have been teachingcomesisenjoysfindisislikeseemsareishave been read Our class 13._(be)united as a big family.Now the class 14._(be)prepari

27、ng for the coming sports meet,so large quantities of our recent time 15._(spend)on it.What we need 16._(be)a qualified coach because being trained properly 17._(be)of great importance.We each 18._(be)all aware that each of us 19._(play)an important role in our class.We have decided to hold a celebra

28、tion if getting a good result but when and where we are going to hold it 20._(not decide).isarehave been spentisisareplayshasnt been decided【二、用所给词的正确形式填空并熟读二、用所给词的正确形式填空并熟读。】【三、单句改错三、单句改错。】1.Tom have been reading that book all the morning so he is tired now.2.As everybody knows,politics are now tau

29、ght in all schools.3.Kate,one of my good friends,come from Guangzhou.4.As we all know,people speaks English all over the world.5.The teacher,together with his students,are planting trees on the street.6.Not only the students but also the teacher wish for a holiday.7.It is the parents and their son t

30、hat wants to buy the bicycle.8.Many a student have been sent to plant trees.9.Bill was standing at the side of the car,talking to two men who was helping him to repair it.10.To read English aloud every morning do you a lot of good.hasiscomesiswisheswanthasweredoesIt is Mrs Li who is teaching you Eng

31、lish today.It is the coronavirus that has made people panicked.强调句型强调句型What kind of sentences are they？用强调句型帮助强调用强调句型帮助强调 1.构成构成(structure)It is/was+被被强调部分强调部分+that(who)+其他成分其他成分强调强调除谓语以外除谓语以外的句子成分的句子成分强调强调人人只能是只能是单数单数They will have a meeting in the hall tomorrow.强调主语强调主语It is they that/who will hav

32、e a meeting in the hall tomorrow.强调宾语强调宾语It is a meeting that they will have in the hall tomorrow.强调地点状语强调地点状语It is in the hall that they will have a meeting tomorrow.强调时间状语强调时间状语It is tomorrow that they will have a meeting in the hall.把把“It is/was-that”去掉，如果剩余部分句子结去掉，如果剩余部分句子结构仍然完整，那么这个句子就是强调句；如果句子构仍然完整，那么这个句子就是强调句；如果句子不完整，则不是强调句。如：不完整，则不是强调句。如：1.It is true that he once went to America.2.It was at 8 oclock that he came back.3.It was 8 oclock _ he came back.A.that B.when C.where主语从句主语从句强调句型强调句型2.强调句型的判断强调句型的判断时间状语从句时间状语从句when