《计算机专业英语》课件.ppt

1、Professional English in Computer FieldChapter One The Fundamental of Computers 内容内容l正文lComputers Types lThe Year 2038 Problem l阅读材料lHistory of Electronic Digital Computers lCable vs.DSL 1-1 Computers Types lComputer sizes and power lSupercomputer and Mainframe lMinicomputer lWorkstation lPersonal co

2、mputer Key Wordslmanipulate v.操作，控制lwell-definedadj.明确定义的lstorev.存储lretrieve v.获取,获得lmachineryv.机械装置lgeneral-purpose computers 通用计算机lintermediateadj.中间的lconduit n.导线管loverlap n.重叠lmainframe n.大型计算机lmoderate adj.中等的,适度的lspreadsheet n.电子表格程序lsurf v.浏览，专指上网浏览，和internet连用lfray n.竞争lonslaught n.猛攻lclone

3、n.克隆，仿制，仿造lpin down 确定，明确lhigh-end adj.高端的llow-end adj.低端的 NoteslIn addition to these components,many others make it possible for the basic components to work together efficiently.lMainframe was a term originally referring to the cabinet containing the central processor unit.lFor nearly every other

4、component,including the operating system,there are several options,all of which fall under the rubric of PC.除了那些组成元素之外，还有一些其它的部分使得这些基本的组成元素能够一起有效的工作大型机这个词最早是指包含中央处理器单元的柜子。包括操作系统在内的几乎每个组成元素都有多个符合PC规定的选项。1-2 The Year 2038 Problem Key Wordslpun n.俏皮话 lwrap around 回卷lodometer n.里程表lhaywire adj.混乱的llurk

5、v.潜伏lpooh-pooh v.轻视limpending adj.即将发生的lplague v.折磨Key Wordsllegacy code 难以替换的代码 lscratch n.什么都没有lbackward compatibility 向后兼容lblindly adv.盲目地lcomputer-illiterate 不懂计算机的lscenario n.方案ldoomsday n.最后的审判日NoteslA later generation of UNIX authors,fearful that stuffy,humorless corporate drones would remove

6、 this cherished pun,added a programmers comment inside the documentations source code that read,Take this out and a UNIX demon will dog your steps until the time_ts wrap around!ltime_t is never,ever at fault in any Year 2000 bug.一个后期的UNIX作者由于担心那些自命不凡、没有幽默感的企业里的“雄蜂”们会删掉这段他心爱的俏皮话，于是在源代码文档上加了一段程序员的注释,“

7、删掉它，UNIX demon将会跟踪你所作的一切直到time_t函数发生回卷”。time_t从来都不是一个“千年虫”问题。NoteslIt would be too tedious to check everywhere;and besides,the extremely rare conditions that result in the functions failure would hardly ever happen in the real world.lAnd the larger,more complex,and more important any program is,the

8、better are its chances that that itll be one of these old 32-bit programs.每个地方都检查是非常使人厌倦的，并且在现实生活中这种导致函数失败的极端情况是很难发生的。并且一个程序越庞大，越复杂，越重要，它越有可能是旧的32位的程序。Exercises 1.A computer is a machine that can be programmed to _.2.The actual machinery(wires,transistors,and circuits)of a computer is called _;the i

9、nstructions and data are called _.3.A small,single-user computer based on a microprocessor is call _.4._ is an extremely fast computer that can perform hundreds of millions of instructions per second.5.Today,the world of personal computers is basically divided between Apple _ and _.6.A modern 32-bit

10、 computer stores a _ data type,such as time_t,in 32 bits.7.The maximum number of a 32-bit signed integer is _.8.The MS-DOS layer at the heart of Microsofts Windows 98 and Windows ME was first written in the year of _.9.In a 64-bit program,a time_t could represent any date and time in the future out

11、to _ A.D.10.For a 32-bit unsigned integer,the maximum year can be represented is _.questionslWhat are the principal characteristics of a computer?lPlease list the hardware components of general-purpose computers.lGive some different types of computer according to its size and power.lDescribe the general hardware requirements of a workstation.lWhat will people usually do on a personal computer for business use and home use?