热力学电子教案第8章理想气体的热力过程课件.ppt

1、 TT VRT1122gppp常数101CnTcsv01expvcCsTvsT0001expvvvvcTccCssT1212102120212121,2112)(0uuwuuqtctcdTcTdsqppvvdpwpdvwvvtvtvvvvtv常数pRTvg201CnTcsp02exppcCsT0002expppppcTccCssT00vpcc 12,121021202121,2112120)(hhwhhqtctcdTcTdsqvdpwppvpdvwptptptpppptpTtggTggTtggTwppnTRvvnTRwppvvppnTRdppTRvdpwvvnTRdvvTRpdvw,21122

2、112212121,21211211112112)(ssTTdsqT21121211ppnRvvnRssggTtTTwhhwuuq,1212TtTTwwq,0Tpdvduds0 pdvdusswqdu0)(,sgssLsssqqwqwpdvqsgsqq,0,sgsqqsvopogvogpogvogpovppvccdvvRdTTcdppRdTTcdvvRdTTcdsdppRdTTcds000)(00vpcc 和)(0常数常数常数0000/)1(1pTTvpv常数pdpvdv0)1(00000000/112101211012110112111212111111111111ppTRvvTRvvvpv

3、dvvpdvvvppdvwggsooopdvvdp0000/112100121100210210,1111ppTRvvTRwpdvvdpwggsst21201CnpRdTTcsgp210112012TTgpppnRdTTcss201012001TTgTTppppnRdTTcdTTc为常数CRCspCnpRsgTrrgT00exp11200112ppnRssgTTTTTpsdTTc000 1212111ppnRCnpRCnpRgrgrg121211ppnRppnRgrrg1212pppprr210112012TTgvvvnRdTTcss101CnvRdTTcsgv0121120TTggpvvnR

4、dTTRc0111212021vvnRTTnRdTTcgTTgp211212001112vvnRTTnRssggTT为常数exp100CRCsTvCvTnRsgTrrgT121211221111vvnRTTnRCvTnRCvTnRggrgrg1212vvvvrr0pcrrTvps和以及rrTvps和、121212121111vvnRTTnRvvnRTTnRggrrgg21,21hhwuuwshs常数npvnnnnppTTTvvvpp1121212112常数10、当n时当 n0时和01n0由n1n当常数vnplglgplgvlgnvdpdlglgvp lglg 常数vnplglg常数常数TdTc

5、TqsnnnnnTsTdTqcnncsTnTcs常数常数exp10snrncccc以及nnvvpp/112122111111TTRnvpvpnwgnnngnppTRnw112111121,vdpwnt21pdvwnnpdvvdp21,wnpdvnwnt10ncnccpvon00vnpnccccndTRnwgn11nnnwdudTcqdTcduv0dTnRdTcdTcgvn10110000ncccnRccvpvgvn100ncnccpvn00vnpnccccn21dTcqnn12TTcqnn21001dTncncqpvn12001TTncncqpvnpnccn,0时当ncn,1时当0,ncn时当

6、vnccn,时当常数pv121212;ppTTvv211212;vvppTT211212;vvppTT11212121122112ppTTvvTTvvppnnnnppTTvvTTvvpp11212121122112w21221111TTnRvpvp或21221111TTRvpvp或12121TTnRcTTcVn12111vvnvp0q0 pdvw0w0p)(0定容过程dv0p0pdv0wwwpdvL)(0比体积增大dvduwduq12uuq21120TTcqv210dTcqv0tw0 vdpwt0v)(0定压过程dp0tLtwwwvdp0vdp0v)(0压力降落dpdhwdhqt12hhq21

7、0dTcqp120TTcqp0q210TTcwv常数的规律0pv210TTcwpt常数的规律npv00n0nnnppTT112120nngppTRw11210111nngtppTRw1121001100Tdspdvduq0T定熵过程0ds0qqqwwdupdvduTdsgL0Tds熵增加0ds0T0twdhwduqdhwduwt21uuw21hhwt210210dTcwdTcwptvniimm1niiVV1UQniiniiUUUUU110niiivivTcmTmc1,00niivivTcmTmc1,00niivivcmmc1,00niiviniiivicmTcmT1,01,0niiigniii

8、MwVTmRpMwM111niiiMwVmRTp1iigiivniiniiVVnRTTncmSS11,011mTmTniii1MMcciviv,0,0VMmRTp 1011011111CmVnRnTcmCmVnRnTcmSSSiigivniigvniiiigivniigvmVnRnTcmmVnRnTcmS11110101011CmVnRnTcmSgvSCmVnRnTcmCmVnRnTcmCmVnRnTcmSSgvgvgv10101021112211222112021211221120021nmRVVnRTTncmVVnRTTncmSSSggvgv022112211101021CmVnRnTcm

9、CmVnRnTcmSSSSgvgvniimimniimimhqhqhqhqH110nimimqq1niipmipmTcqTcq1,00niipmipmcqcq1,00niiipmipmTcqTcq1,00 ipniipminiiipmicqTcqT1,01,0iniimiiminiiiiiiMqMqpMwMwppxp11niiiigiipminiimippnRTTncqSqS1,0111mniimiqTqT1niigipmigpmniimimCnpRnTcqCnpRnTcqsqsqS1202011111niigipmigpmnpRnTcqnpRnTcqS1001111 012112200120

10、121122001200120000112212hmmumumQvpmmummumumQvpmmvpmWmmumumumemeumumUUUEQQintotinininoutout0012101202TcmmTcmTcmpvv0001122111222TccTRVpTRVpTTRVpTTRVpvpgggg0121122hmmumum00111210022TpTppTTpT112212TpTpRVmmg002TT4.10000121012TcmmTcmmQpv001012TTcmmQv10100112TTTVppQ0010121TTcppTRVQvg11212TRVppmmg 212121212

11、1112211220112212mmmmmmmmouttotmmoutininoutouthdmumumQpvdmudmumumQpvdmdmpvmpvWudmdmumumemeumumUUUEQQ211122mmhdmumum210101202mmpvvTdmcTcmTcm2101122mmTdmTmTm001122ppTT0011212ppTT0001121112112222ppTRVpppTRVpTRVpmggg011212ppmm001121111212111ppTRVpppmmmmgVppQTRVpTRVpTRmmTRTccmmmmTcTcmmQggggpvpv21121112111001212101012