Unit 1 Vocabulary单词讲解（ppt课件）-新人教版（2019）《高中英语》选择性必修第四册.pptx

1、Book 4 unit1SCIENCE FICTIONvocabulary(1)fiction1.fiction fkn:n.小说小说(U.);虚构的事虚构的事(C.)science fictionnovel，fiction，story，tale这些名词均含“小说、故事”之意。novel指任何有情节、人物、对白的虚构长篇散文体故事。fiction指部分或全部虚构的短篇、中篇、长篇小说，也指传奇故事，是小说的总称。story指篇幅较短，常包含一系列情节或事件，口述或书写成文的故事。tale常可与story换用，指以事实为中心作叙述的故事，也指古代流传下来的传说故事或神话故事。fairy tale

2、 童话，神话test sb.on sth.在.方面测试某人test sth.on.sb./sth.在.身上测验.test sb.for sth.为某事检查某人 try out:试用试用;测试测试;试验试验3.test out:检验检验;测试测试It was going to be tested out by Larrys wife,Claire.课文例句常用搭配同义词reward rwd:n.奖励奖励;报酬报酬;悬赏金悬赏金 award wd:n.奖奖;奖品奖品;奖金奖金;奖奖状状allowance lans:n.津贴津贴;补助补助money:n.钱钱cash:n.现金现金currency:n

3、.货货币币4.bonus bns:n.意外收获意外收获;奖金奖金;红利红利year-end bonus5.more like.:更像是更像是;更接近更接近He seemed more like a human than a machine.be like：像：像look like：看起来像：看起来像课文例句同义词ridiculously:adv.荒荒唐地唐地;荒荒谬地谬地;令人惊奇地令人惊奇地It is ridiculous to do.:做做什么是愚蠢的什么是愚蠢的/荒谬的荒谬的/荒唐的荒唐的It is ridiculous that.:.是愚蠢的是愚蠢的/荒谬的荒谬的/荒唐荒唐的的6.ri

4、diculous rdkjls:adj.愚蠢的愚蠢的;荒谬的荒谬的;荒唐的荒唐的Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot.课文例句常用搭配同源词honest nst:adj.诚实的诚实的;正直的正直的honesty:n.诚实诚实;正直正直perfect pfikt:adj.完美的完美的;极好的极好的;理想的理想的;正确正确的的7.integrity nterti:n.诚实正直诚实正直;完整完整;完好完好She gradually admired his wisdom and i

5、ntegrity and began to trust him.她逐渐欣赏托尼的智慧和正直，并且开始信任他。课文例句同义词with dignity:有尊严地有尊严地8.dignity dnti:n.庄重庄重;庄严庄严;尊严尊严 He always treated her with dignity.课文例句常用搭配a salary of 400,000 dollars a year 年年薪薪40万美元万美元wage wed:n.工资工资(小时小时/天天/周工资周工资)income:n.收入收入;收益收益pay:n.工资工资;薪水薪水9.salary slri:n.薪水薪水;薪金薪金 (常指月工常

6、指月工资资,也也可用来表示年可用来表示年薪。薪。)He wanted to improve his social position with a bigger salary.例句常用搭配同义词ridiculous rdkjls:adj.愚蠢的愚蠢的;荒谬的荒谬的;荒唐的荒唐的It is absurd to do.:做做什么是荒谬的什么是荒谬的/荒唐荒唐的的It is absurd that.:.是荒谬的是荒谬的/荒唐的荒唐的10.absurd bsd:adj.荒谬的荒谬的;荒唐的荒唐的常用搭配同义词appoint:v.任任命命;委任委任;约定约定have an appointment with

7、:和和约会约会 (办事情等办事情等)have a date with:和和约会约会 (情人之间情人之间)11.appointment pntmnt:n.预约预约;约会约会;委任委任 She had an appointment to paint her nails，then she went into an expensive clothes shop.课文例句常用搭配同义词同源词hammer hm:n.锤子锤子 v.锤击锤击nail.down:把把.盯牢盯牢/固定固定nail.up:用钉子把用钉子把(门门/窗窗)封住封住/封死封死;用用钉子把什么固定到什么钉子把什么固定到什么上上12.nai

8、l nel:n.指甲指甲;趾甲趾甲;钉子钉子 vt.(用钉子用钉子)钉牢钉牢;固定固定相关词常用搭配salesman:n.男售货员男售货员;男推销员男推销员13.saleswoman selzwmn:n.女售货员女售货员;女推销员女推销员 相关词guilt:n.内疚内疚;犯罪犯罪;罪行罪行 innocence nsns:n.天真天真;单纯单纯;无罪无罪 innocent nsnt:adj.天真无邪的天真无邪的;无无辜的辜的;无恶意无恶意的的14.guilty lti:adj.内疚的内疚的;有有罪的罪的;有过失的有过失的Although it was completely innocent，Cl

9、aire felt guilty.课文例句反义词同源词hang h:v.吊吊;悬挂悬挂 (hung)(经常用主动表示被动经常用主动表示被动)stop:v.使停止使停止;停下停下;停止停止pause pz:v.暂暂停停;停顿停顿delay dle:v.延迟延迟;延期延期;推迟推迟postpone pspn:v.延延迟迟;延期延期put off:推迟推迟;拖拖延延15.suspend sspend:vt.悬悬;挂挂;暂停暂停;暂缓暂缓Claire tried to help by working on a light suspended from the ceiling.课文例句同义词climb

10、up/fall off a ladder:爬爬上上/跌下梯子跌下梯子a flight of stairs:一段楼梯一段楼梯climb the stairs:爬楼梯爬楼梯upstairs:adv./adj.楼上楼上downstairs:adv./adj.楼楼下下16.ladder ld(r):n.梯子梯子;阶梯阶梯常用搭配同义词fire/dismiss sb:解雇某人解雇某人hire/employ sb:雇用某人雇用某人17.dismiss dsms:vt.让让(某人某人)离开离开;解散解散;解雇解雇;消除消除The guests would be arriving soon,so Claire

11、 dismissed Tony for the rest of the night.课文例句同义词declare war on:向向宣战宣战announce:v.宣宣布布;宣告宣告;通知通知;声称声称;宣称宣称claimklem:v.宣称宣称;声称声称;索取索取18.declare dkle(r):vt.表明表明;宣称宣称;公布公布She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day.课文例句常用搭配同义词while:conj.然而然而but:conj.但是但是however haev:adv.然而然而;但是但

12、是regardless/despite of=in spite of =in despite of=despite:不不管管;不顾不顾;尽尽管管19.whereas werz:conj.然而然而;但是但是;尽管尽管 They want a house,_(然而)we would rather live in a flat.whereas/while课文例句同义词start/spread a rumour:制制造造/散布谣言散布谣言20.rumour/rumor rum(r):n.谣言谣言;传闻传闻常用搭配presumption przmpn:n.假设假设;假定假定assume sjum:v.设

13、想设想;假定假定;认为认为suppose:v.假定假定;假设假设;认为认为 (正式正式)imagine:v.想象想象;设想设想;认认为为21.presume przjum przum:vt.&vi.假设假设;假定假定;认为认为同义词同源词suppose/supposing/assuming/provided/providing+that句子句子:假假如如;假假定定 【上结构上结构that 前的词均是连词前的词均是连词】1)Supposing that she doesnt come,we will still go.2)Supposing he is absent,what shall we

14、do?(pay/afford)bus/taxi/train(railway/rail)/air fares(to.):公公共汽车费共汽车费/出租汽车费出租汽车费/火车票价火车票价/飞机票飞机票价价fee:n.服务费服务费;酬金酬金;咨询费咨询费;报报名费名费;会费会费22.fare fe(r):n.车费车费;船费船费;飞飞机机/火车火车/公共汽车公共汽车/出租车票价出租车票价 常用搭配同义词monthly:adv.&adj.每月一次每月一次的的;每每月月=every month n.月刊月刊daily:adv.每天每天;天天天天=every day adj.每天的每天的;每日的每日的 n.日报

15、日报23.weekly wikli:adj.每周每周的的adv.每周每周=every week n.周刊周刊相关词The truck is checked on a regular basis.on a regular/permanent/part-time/temporary basis:以以定期定期/永久永久/兼职兼职/临时性方式临时性方式according(to):根据根据;按照按照24.on a.basis:根根据据;以以的方式的方式(基准基准)例句常用搭配同义词25.calculate klkjulet:vt.计算计算;核算核算;预测预测 calculation n.计算，估算，算计

16、计算，估算，算计calculator n.计算器计算器 同源词 chairman:n.男主席男主席;男董事长男董事长;男委员长男委员长president prezdnt:n.国家主席国家主席;总总统统;校长校长;院长院长;董事长董事长;行行长长26.chairwoman tewmn:n.女主席女主席;女董事长女董事长;女委员长女委员长同义词kilogram/kilo klrm/ki:l n.千克千克;公斤公斤ton tn:n.吨吨pound:n.磅磅 (1 pound=0.454 kilograms)by the gram/kilogram/ton:以以克克/千克千克/吨为单位吨为单位by w

17、eight:以重量为单以重量为单位位27.gramme/ram rm:n.克克(重量单位重量单位)相关词常用搭配 flower fla(r):n.花花28.flour fla(r):n.面粉面粉;(谷物磨成的谷物磨成的)粉粉形近形近词词stadium:n.体育场体育场;运动场运动场sportsground:n.操场操场;运动场运动场playground:n.游乐场游乐场;操场操场gymdm:n.健健身房身房;体育馆体育馆29.venue venju:n.活动场地活动场地(如音乐如音乐厅厅/会会场等场等)相关词30.salesman selzmn:n.售货员售货员;推销员推销员 saleswom

18、an:n.女售货员女售货员;女推销员女推销员相关词 foreign frn:adj.外国的外国的;外来的外来的;陌生的陌生的foreigner frn:n.外国人外国人an alien environment:陌生的环境陌生的环境an alien culture:异域文化异域文化31.alien elin:n.外星人外星人(生物生物);外国人外国人 adj.陌生的陌生的;外星的外星的;外国的外国的常用搭配同义词 You must weigh up the pros and cons of city and country life.32.(the)pros and cons:prz knz 事事物的利与弊物的利与弊;支持与反对支持与反对例句 a blurred image/picture(photo)/memory:模模糊的形象糊的形象/照片照片/记忆记忆33.blurred bld:adj.模糊不清的模糊不清的;难以区分的难以区分的 常用搭配be senior/junior to sb:比比年长年长/年幼年幼;比比.级别高级别高/低低34.(be)superior to.:比比更好更好;更胜一筹更胜一筹 In sci-fi stories,robots often become superior and take over.课文例句常用搭配 谢谢观看