Unit5 定语从句关系副词（ppt课件）-新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、Unit 5 Discovering Useful Structures 定语从句关系副词(where,when,why,prep.+which)In this section,you are going to:learn the structure and usage of restrictive relative clauses;use the restrictive relative clauses to make sentences.What is an attribute?用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的词或短语。(1)a quality or feature of sb

2、./sth.(2)定语（语法概念）属性属性/特征特征的1.an honest partner2.a lonely teenager3.the present building4.an excellent basketball player5.a river flowing through Qinghai province6.a boy named Tom一位诚实的搭档一位孤单的青少年现存的建筑物一位优秀的篮球运动员一条流经青海的河流一位叫做汤姆的男孩What is an attributive clause?在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。The girl is Mary.Th

3、e girl is standing there.The girl who is standing there is Mary.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词。关系词：引导定语从句的词。先行词关系词The lady who is smiling is Taylor Swift.关系代词指代先行词，充当从句的主语定语从句先行词What is an attributive clause?The lady is Taylor Swift.The lady is smiling.Jay Chou is a singer comes from Taiwan.Jay Chou is a singer son

4、gs are popular.Jay Chou likes Bubble tea makes him happy.whowhosewhich/thatJay Chou is a singer I admire for many years.whom/who关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose等。引导定语从句的关系代词有三个作用：1)连接作用：把从句和它所修饰的内容连接起来；2)替代作用：在从句中替代被从句所修饰的先行词；3)在从句中充当成分：作主语、宾语、定语。一、关系代词引导的定语从句在复合句中,修饰某一 _ 或 _ 的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫 _,定语从

5、句一般放在先行词的_,引导定语从句的词叫做 _。先行词后面关系词名词代词先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句+指代先行词指代先行词连接主句和从句连接主句和从句在从句中充当成分在从句中充当成分指代人 指代事物 所属关系 指地点 指时间 指原因 who whom thatwhich thatwhosewherewhenwhy关系代词关系副词Relative Words 关系词（状语）（状语）Enjoy the song and fill in the blanks.When will my reflection show何时我的倒影才能显示出Who I am inside?真正的自我。I am

6、 now in a world我此时身在一个世界，Where I have to hide my heart在这里我不得不掩饰我的内心世界。And what I believe in 以及我所信仰的。But somehow但无论如何，I will show the world我将告诉这世界，Whats inside my heart 我心中的秘密，And beloved for whom I am我爱这样的我。Must I pretend that难道我必须Im someone else for all time?一直都扮演一个非我的角色？Theres a heart that must be

7、 free to fly有一颗心需要自由飞翔，That burns with a needTo know the reason why 它迫切地需要知道must we all conceal what we think,how we feel?为何我们都得隐瞒自己在想什么，自己的真正感受Must there be a secret of me难道有一个秘密，Im forced to hide?必须要我隐藏？I wont pretend that Im someone elseFor all time我不会一直去扮演另一个身份角色。I am now in a world where I have

8、 to hide my heart.To know the reason why we must all conceal(隐藏)what we think.关系副词Mulan would never forget the day _ she joined the army.when 引导定语从句时,先行词为表示时间的名词(time,day,year,moment),关系词在从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词+_。when the dayon二，关系副词引导的定语从句whichHer father was old and weak.That was the reason _ Mulan took t

9、he place of him.why 引导定语从句时，先行词通常是reason,关系副词在从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词+_”。the reasonforwhy二，关系副词引导的定语从句whichThe battle field was the place _ Mulan brought honor to her family.where引导定语从句时,先行词为表示地点的名词(place,spot,house,room,city,town,country),关系词在从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词+_”。in the placewhere二，关系副词引导的定语从句whichMulans cou

10、ntry was in the situation _ a war would break out at any time.Mulan and the soldiers tried their best to change the situation _ worried the emperor a lot.当先行词是一些表示抽象地点的名词，如situation,stage,point,case,position,condition等，定语从句缺少状语时用where引导。wherewhich/that二，关系副词引导的定语从句二，关系副词引导的定语从句when,where,why 1when 指

11、时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。I can never forget the day when I first saw you.我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。2where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。He returned to the small town where he grew up.他回到了儿时成长的那个小镇。他回到了儿时成长的那个小镇。3why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。Unsuccessful people can always find reasons why theyre not doing well.不成功的人总能找到自己表现不

12、好的理由。不成功的人总能找到自己表现不好的理由。关系副词关系副词指代指代在在从句从句中充当的成分中充当的成分例句例句when The time when I arrived.was late at night.where The factory where I worked.were 9 km from my home.whyThe reason why I got a job.was because of my hard work.关系副词关系副词time时间状语时间状语placereason地点状语地点状语原因状语原因状语作状语，即从句成分齐全，不缺主，宾，表，定语。作状语，即从句成分齐全

13、，不缺主，宾，表，定语。1.Fill in the blank with where,when or why.Practice 1.Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held?2.Please tell me the reason _you missed the plane.3.Ill never forget the day_ we met each other last week.4.I still remember the night _I first came to the house.5.I dont know the reason he

14、 looks unhappy today.whywherewhenwhenwhyUnderline the restrictive relative clauses and circle the antecedents(先行词)指原因关系代词指代事物指时间指地点所属关系指代人关系副词Restrictive relative clausesSummarywho,whom,thatwhich,thatwhose wherewhenwhy=介词(in/on/at)whichOnce upon a time,there was a girl l._ name was Hua Mulan.The cou

15、ntry 2._Mulan and her family lived was under attack.That was the reason 3._Mulan joined the army for her father.Mulan had a very hard time 4._ she fought bravely on the battlefield.However,no matter how fierce the enemy was,Mulan stood up without any fear.She was an amazing girl 5._we all should lea

16、rn from.whosewherewhywhenthat/who/whom如何区分关系代词和关系副词引导的定语从句：表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时,关系词在定语从句中作状语时,应用关系副词;若关系词在定语从句中作主语、宾语和表语时,则应用关系代词。方法：分析从句句子成分Tips：关系副词：关系副词(when,where,why)的选取的选取 1.当先行词指当先行词指时间、或地点、或原因时间、或地点、或原因，2.且在从句中充当且在从句中充当状语状语时时(即从句即从句完整完整，不缺主语、宾语不缺主语、宾语)，关系词选择相应的关系副词关系词选择相应的关系副词:when(时间时间),where

17、（地点）（地点）,why（原因）（原因）判断先行词在从句中的成分，用正确的关系词填空。This is the reason _ he went.The reason _ he gave us was quite reasonable.This is the place _ we visited last year.This is the place _ he works.That was the time _ he arrived.Do you still remember the time _ we spent together?which/that where when that/whic

18、h why/for which that/which 定语从句三步解体法：定语从句三步解体法：一、先找出主句；一、先找出主句；二、确定先行词二、确定先行词三、判断关系词在从句中作的成分三、判断关系词在从句中作的成分定语从句的引导词关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词指人指人指物指物that(主语主语/宾语宾语),which(主语主语/宾语宾语),who(主语主语/宾语宾语),whom(宾语宾语),whose(定语定语)that(主语、宾语主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语主语、宾语),whose(定语定语)where(地点状语地点状语)when(时间状语时间状语)why (原因状语原因状语)关系

19、词关系词在从句中做在从句中做状语状语时，连接词有时时，连接词有时可以用可以用介词介词+which/whom+which/whom来替换关系副词来替换关系副词二、二、“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导的定语从句引导的定语从句关系副词关系副词when,where,why引导定语从句时引导定语从句时,关系副词也可用关系副词也可用“介词介词+关系关系代词代词”代替。代替。1.关系代词的确定关系代词的确定在在“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导的定语从句中引导的定语从句中,关系代词关系代词只能用只能用which或或whom,先行词指物时先行词指物时,用用which;先行词指人时先行词指人时,用用whom。

20、He is the man in whom you can believe.(1)(1)看介词与定语看介词与定语从句中动词或形容词从句中动词或形容词的搭配的搭配。He gave me some books with which I am not very familiar.(2)(2)看介词与看介词与先行词先行词搭配。搭配。This is our classroom in which there is a teachers desk.The farm on which my father works is far from the town.(3)(3)根据根据句子的意思句子的意思而定。而定。

21、The soldier,without whom I wouldnt have survived the earthquake,retired last week.2.介词的确定介词的确定The patient whom she is looking after is her father.并非所有介词都可以放到关系代词前并非所有介词都可以放到关系代词前有些有些“动词动词+介词介词”被视为一个被视为一个固定的词组固定的词组,不可分割不可分割,这时不能把介词置这时不能把介词置于关系代词前于关系代词前,如：如：look for,look after,pay attention to,take ca

22、re of,look forward to,go through等。等。The patient after whom she is looking is her father.特别提示：特别提示：1.The film star _ we talked a lot yesterday will give us a speech tomorrow.2.The West Lake _ Hangzhou is famous in the world will be more beautiful.3.This is my glasses,_ I cant see clearly.about whomfo

23、r whichwithout which用用“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”填空填空4.The reason _ he could not go there was that his grades was too low.5.Who is the person _ you just shook hands?6.Could you tell me the day _ you arrived?7.I will treasure the days _ I lived here.with whomon whichin whichfor whichII.用适当的关系词填空。Tai Dong is a sm

24、all city in southeast Taiwan _ I grew up.My family moved there from Taipei the summer _ I was born.The house in _ I grew up is on a main street in Tai Dong.My father sold tea,and my mother had a small restaurant across from our house.A cousin of mine _ family I visited every summer lived with us.whe

25、nwherewhosewhichExercisesComplete the passage with the correct relative adverbs or pronouns.Add a preposition where necessary.When I started studying German,it was a struggle.The words felt strange on my tongue,and the grammar would not stay in my head.I told my mum that I wanted to give up,and that

26、 I would never live in a country _ German was spoken.My mum told me that studying a language was not just for my future.It was exercise for the brain;the more I learnt of a language,the more my brain would grow.And I remember that day _ I suddenly felt like German was no longer a foreign language.It

27、 felt like my brain had doubled in size.I had finally come to a place _ I could think in this foreign language,and I could see the world from a different point of view.I felt as if I had reached the goal _ I had been fighting for.I could open a book and see meanings,not just a sea of words.I finally

28、 understood the reason _ my mum had encouraged me not to give up.Thanks,Mum!where/in whichwhen/on whichwhere/at whichwhich/thatwhy读读句子句子，(1)画出画出定语从句定语从句 (2)找出先行词并阐明先行词在从句中的成分。找出先行词并阐明先行词在从句中的成分。1.Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing sys

29、tem began to develop in one direction.where引导的定语从句修饰先行词引导的定语从句修饰先行词one unified country，先行词在从句中作状语。，先行词在从句中作状语。从句传达的信息为从句传达的信息为“the Chinese writing system began to develop in one directionin the unified country”。2.Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China s present is connecte

30、d with its past.by which引导的定语从句补充说明先行词引导的定语从句补充说明先行词means，which指代先行词指代先行词means，从句，从句传达的信息为传达的信息为“Chinas present is connected with its past by an important means(written Chinese)”。3.People in modern times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times.which引导的定语从句解释说明先行词引导的

31、定语从句解释说明先行词the classic works，先行词在从句中作主语。，先行词在从句中作主语。从句传达的信息为从句传达的信息为“the classic works were written by Chinese in ancient times”。读读句子句子，(1)画出画出定语从句定语从句 (2)找出先行词并阐明先行词在从句中的成分。找出先行词并阐明先行词在从句中的成分。读读句子句子，(1)画出画出定语从句定语从句 (2)找出先行词并阐明先行词在从句中的成分。找出先行词并阐明先行词在从句中的成分。4.China is widely known for its ancient civ

32、ilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times,despite the many ups and downs.which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句解释解释说明先行词说明先行词ancient civilisation，先行词在从句中作主，先行词在从句中作主语。语。从句传达信息为从句传达信息为“ancient civilisation has continued all the way through.”。5.There are many reasons why this has been possible.

33、why引导的定语从句解释说明先行词引导的定语从句解释说明先行词reasons，先行词在从句中作状语。关系副词，先行词在从句中作状语。关系副词why=for which，从句传达的信息为，从句传达的信息为“this has been possible for many reasons”。读读句子句子，(1)画出画出定语从句定语从句 (2)找出先行词并阐明先行词在从句中的成分。找出先行词并阐明先行词在从句中的成分。6.It dates back several thousand years to the use of longguanimal bones and shells on which s

34、ymbols were carved.on which引导的定语从句解释说明先行词引导的定语从句解释说明先行词bones and shells，which指代先行词指代先行词bones and shells，从句传达的信息是，从句传达的信息是“symbols were carved on bones and shells”。7.It was a time when people were divided geographically.when引导的定语从句解释说明先行词引导的定语从句解释说明先行词time，先行词在从句中作状语。从句传达的，先行词在从句中作状语。从句传达的信息是信息是“a time for people were divided geographically”。