Unit 3 Grammar and usage 精讲（ppt课件）-新牛津译林版（2020）《高中英语》选择性必修第三册.pptx

1、Lead-in 表语，属于主语补足语，语法名词，是指说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的词或从句，表语常由名词、形容词、介词短语、动名词、不定式、副词来充当，它常位于系动词之后。系动词：1.be(am,is,are,was,were)2.感官动词：look,sound,touch,taste,feel,touch.3.“变成”：become,get,turn,fall,go 4.“保持”：keep,remain,stay,stand,lay 5.“似乎”：seem,appearLead-in A predicative clause immediately follows the link

2、 verb,which does not express complete predication without the clause.In the case of an adverbial clause,the preceding verb is that of complete predication and the clause may be distant from the verb it modifiesExplore the rules His fathers dream was that one day he could write a great masterpiece re

3、cording what had happened in history.After his father died,Sima Qian succeeded his father as Grand Historian,which facilitated his access to official books and files.However,his work proved difficult,because sorting out all the available resources and checking facts of historical materials required

4、painstaking efforts.His chief concern was whether he could do his job more effectively and efficiently.Underline the sentences containing predicative clausesWork out the rules We can use a noun clause as the predicative of a sentence.We can use that to introduce a predicative clause when the clause

5、is a(1)_.We can use whether to introduce a predicative clause when the clause is a(2)_.We can use what,why,when,where,etc.to introduce a predicative clause when the clause is a(3)_.statementyes-no questionwh-questionExplanation 引导表语从句的词有：从属连词：连接代词：连接副词that/whether/as if/as though/becausewho/whom/who

6、se/which/whatwhen/where/why/how Explanation 1.that 不充当句子成分，无意义，只起连接作用e.g.,What I mean is(that)you may have to face it.One reason why Crystal has become so famous is that he is very quick thinking.2.其他从属连词引导表语从句时有具体的含义,whether表示是否，because 表示因为；as if/as though 表示好像，似乎。e.g.,The question is whether we s

7、hould go on with this work.He says it is because he wanted to do so.It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.Explanation 2.其他从属连词引导表语从句时有具体的含义,whether表示是否，because 表示因为；as if/as though 表示好像，似乎。注：注：as if/as thoughas if/as though和事实相反要虚拟，规则如下：和事实相反要虚拟，规则如下：1 1、如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。、如果从句表示与现在

8、事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。2 2、从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用、从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had“had过去分词过去分词”。3 3、从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用、从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would“wouldcouldcouldmightmight动词原形动词原形 e.g.,It looks as if she were drunk.It appears as if he hadnt met her.Explanation 3.由连接代词who/whom/whose/which/what引导的表语从句连接代词在表语从句中可充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。依据

9、“缺什么补什么”原则确定正确的连词。所谓“缺什么补什么”是指从句与连词之间的关系。如果句子中缺主语，指人用who，指物用what。如缺宾语，指人用whom，指物用what。如缺定语用what或which。Explanation 3.由连接代词who/whom/whose/which/what引导的表语从句The problem is will water my plants when I am away.That is I want to tell you.Things are not always they seem.whowhatwhatThis museum is not _ it wa

10、s ten years ago.whatwhichWhat I want to know is road we should take.Explanation 3.由连接副词when/where/why/how 引导的表语从句连接副词在表语从句中充当状语，可表时间、地点、原因、方式等，因此不能省略。依据“缺什么补什么”原则确定正确的连词。所谓“缺什么补什么”是指从句与连词之间的关系。如缺时间状语用when；地点状语用where。原因状语用why；方式状语用how。Explanation 3.由连接副词when/where/why/how 引导的表语从句e.g.,What he wonders

11、is they can finish their work.This is our basic interest lies.He was ill.Thats he was sent to the hospital.whenwherewhyThat was I was fifteen.whenThats you are wrong.whereThe problem is we can find him.howExplanation 4.特殊规则：特定名词+that+（should）do结构我的建议就是你做出决定之前仔细考虑一下。My advice is that you(should)think it over before you make a decision.When the subject of a sentence is a word like suggestion,advice,order,demand,etc,we often use _ as the verb of the predictive clause and _can be omitted.should+动词原形shouldPracticewhichthatthatwhywhetherhowPracticethatthathowwhyThanks