Unit 2 Grammar and usage （ppt课件）-2023新牛津译林版（2020）《高中英语》选择性必修第二册.pptx

1、选择必修二选择必修二 Unit2 Sports cultureGrammar&UsageLead in2021.7.23-8.82021.8.24-9.5Tokyo Olympic Games had been closed by August 8th.Tokyo Paralympic Games was being held on September 2nd.By the end of this section,students will be able to:1.identify the use of the passive voice in the past continuous and

2、 past perfect tenses;2.work out the rules of the passive voice in the past continuous and past perfect tenses;3.use the right tenses to finish related tasks.4.apply the passive voice in the past continuous and past perfect tenses in new contexts.Nicole wrote a blog post about the city half-marathon

3、she took part in.Read the blog and fill in the following table.six weeks agoOver the past six weeksOn the day of the city half-marathonNicole agreed to take part in a city half-marathon for amateurs.Nicole started her training very gently on the first day,and gradually increased the distance in each

4、 training session.Nicole ran her race relaxed and confident.Find the sentences that use the passive voice in the past continuous and past perfect tenses and fill in the table below.Passive voice in the past continuous tensePassive voice in the past perfect tense.I reflected on what had just been ach

5、ieved.Exploring the rulesPassive voice in the past continuous tensePassive voice in the past perfect tense.I reflected on what had just been achieved.a city half-marathon was being organized to help.even though my limits were being tested like never before.a lot of money had been raised for charity.

6、Working out the rulesThe passive voice in the past continuous tense is used to refer to an action being done at a specific time in the past.The verb form is“_”.The passive voice in the past perfect tense is used to express an action completed before a past action.The verb form is“_”.was/were being+过

7、去分词过去分词had been+过去分词过去分词语态的概念语态的概念1.英语中动词有主动语态英语中动词有主动语态(Active Voice)和被动语态和被动语态(Passive Voice)之分。如果主语是动作或状态的发出者，动词就用主动语态；之分。如果主语是动作或状态的发出者，动词就用主动语态；如果主语是动作或状态的承受者，动词就用被动语态。被动语如果主语是动作或状态的承受者，动词就用被动语态。被动语 态的基本结构是：态的基本结构是：助动词助动词be/get+及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词”。2.被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有及物动词才被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说

8、来，只有及物动词才 有被动语态。有被动语态。基本时态基本时态被动语态被动语态一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时一般将来时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去将来时过去将来时各种时态的基本形式(以肯定式动词do为例):do/doesdidwill/shall doam/is/are doingwas/were doinghas/have donehad donewould/should doam/is/are donewas/were donewill/shall be doneam/is/are being donewas/wer

9、e being donehas/have been donehad been donewould/should be doneu 八大时态的被动语态：八大时态的被动语态：1.一般现在时的被动语态构成：一般现在时的被动语态构成：(am/is/are done)The Olympic Games are held every four years.2.一般过去时的被动语态构成：一般过去时的被动语态构成：(was/were done)The 2018 Olympic Games were held in Beijing.3.一般将来时的被动语态构成：一般将来时的被动语态构成：(shall/will

10、be done)The 2024 Olympic Games will be held in Paris.4.过去将来时的被动语态构成：过去将来时的被动语态构成：(should/would be done)The news would be sent to him as soon as it arrived.5.现在完成时的被动语态构成：现在完成时的被动语态构成：(has/have been done)The old rules have been done away with（废除）废除）by us.6.过去完成时的被动语态构成：过去完成时的被动语态构成：(had been done)By

11、September 2nd,75 gold medals had been achieved by Chinese athles in Tokyo Paralympic Games.7.现在进行时的被动语态构成：现在进行时的被动语态构成：(am/is/are being done)The Tokyo Paralympic Games is being held now.8.过去进行时的被动语态构成：过去进行时的被动语态构成：(was/were being done)A boxing game was being held when I arrived.过去完成时过去完成时的被动语态的被动语态过

12、去进行时过去进行时的被动语态的被动语态过去进行时的被动语态过去进行时的被动语态u 过去进行时的被动语态的概念：过去进行时的被动语态的概念：1.表示过去某个时刻正在进行或者发生的被动性的动作。表示过去某个时刻正在进行或者发生的被动性的动作。2.过去进行时的被动语态构成：过去进行时的被动语态构成：was/were being done 1)They were planting trees at this time yesterday.(主动语态主动语态)Trees were being planted by them at this time yesterday.(被动语态被动语态)2)Compu

13、ter was being majored by him during his college.3)Another bridge was being built over the Changjiang River then.3.过去进行时态的被动语态的否定式为：过去进行时态的被动语态的否定式为：was/were not being donee.g.The movie star wasnt being stalked(跟踪跟踪)by a fan.过去完成时的被动语态过去完成时的被动语态u过去完成时的被动语态：过去完成时的被动语态：（一）基本形式：（一）基本形式：1.过去完成时的被动语态的肯定式为

14、：过去完成时的被动语态的肯定式为：had been done如：如：The task had been finished before 12:00 yesterday.The boy was reminded that his homework had not been handed in.2.过去完成时的被动语态的否定式为：过去完成时的被动语态的否定式为：had not been done如：如：The task hadn t been finished before 12:00 yesterday.The classroom hadnt been cleaned before the te

15、acher came.（二）用法（二）用法:1)表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的被动动作，常与表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的被动动作，常与by the time,before 等引导的时间状语连用。等引导的时间状语连用。By the time we got there，all the tickets had been sold out.2)表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去另一时间的被动动作，表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去另一时间的被动动作，常与常与 for，since 等引导的时间状语连用。等引导的时间状语连用。It was reported that the sale

16、 had been advertised for several weeks.3)用在宾语从句中，常放在用在宾语从句中，常放在told，said，knew，heard,thought，wondered 等动词过去式的后面，表示在这些动作之前已经发生等动词过去式的后面，表示在这些动作之前已经发生 的被动动作。的被动动作。He told us that the project had been completed.4)在在“It was the first/second/.time+that从句从句”句型中，句型中，当从当从 句主语为动作的承受者时，从句用过去完成时的被动语态，表句主语为动作的承受

17、者时，从句用过去完成时的被动语态，表 示示“这是第一这是第一/二二次次”。It was the first time that he had been awarded.5)在在“Hardly/Scarcely had.when.”和和“No sooner had.than.”句型中，当主句主语是动作的承受者时，主句用过去完句型中，当主句主语是动作的承受者时，主句用过去完 成成 时的被动语态，表示时的被动语态，表示“一一就就”。Hardly had the front door been opened when we could smell something burning.6)在虚拟条件句中

18、，表示与过去事实相反，当主语是动作的承受在虚拟条件句中，表示与过去事实相反，当主语是动作的承受 者时，用过去完成时的被动语态。者时，用过去完成时的被动语态。If I had been invited there，I would have gone with you.Finish off the exercises on page 21.B1 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets.1.It was an amazing achievement for a player who_ (in

19、jure)so recently.2.The swimming pool _(clean)thoroughly the day before the competition began.3.He felt that his talents_(waste)as a basketball player and was eager for a change.4.Tom was told that his teammate won the race while he _(treat)by the team doctor.5.Photos of the riders _(take)before they

20、 got on their horses.had been injuredhad been cleanedwere being wastedwas being treatedhad been taken B2 Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in the box below.make train blow place carry cheer By the time Cathy and I,together with other volunteers for the city half-marathon,arriv

21、ed at 4:30 a.m.,tables_(1),on both sides of the road.Bottles of water and paper cups(2)_to different tables,and Cathy and I immediately went to help.Then,we took our place at the table and quickly started to arrange the bottles and cups so that they looked like an army of soldiers standing in line f

22、or inspection.had been placedwere being carriedI took a step back,and looked at the soene with satisfaction.For the previous couple of weeks,I(3)_on how to be avolunteer at the half-marathon.I decided to volunteer for this years half-marathon after the chairman of the organizing committee visited my

23、 school.We were told that the competitors would be raising money for charity and,while I didnt feel that I had a strong constitution to run that far,I thought the next best thing would be to help those who could.After all the preparations(4)_,the exciting half-marathon began.Cathy and I waited patie

24、ntly until the word spread that the first runners would be arriving soon.As the tired,thirsty runners ran had been trainedhad been madealong,they(5)_ by the crowds.Cathy and I quickly poured water into the cups for them.After the last runner passed,I found paper cups and plastic bottles everywhere.T

25、he litter(6)_around by the wind as I bent over to pick up a plastic bottle.Cathy and I started clearing up.We were tired and wet with sweat but it felt really vivotsyohat we had been able to help others.were being cheeredwas being blown Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in the b

26、rackets.【课后课后C】1.This interview was a follow-up to the one that _ (conduct)two weeks previously.2.It was so noisy that I couldnt hear what_(say)on the phone.3.I was still waiting at noon because no message of any kind _ (receive).4.You took a taxi to the office yesterday.Why didnt you drive your car

27、?Oh,it _(repair)because of a flat tyre.had been conductedwas being saidhad been receivedwas being repaired5.Charles Dickenss novels _(make)into many films over the past decades.6.Despite efforts made by both sides,the differences were too great and no agreement_(reach)by the end of the talks.7.Local

28、 residents were relocated to temporary accommodation while the construction work_(do).8.The price of the products went down partly because a new technlque _(introduce)to increase production.have been madehad been reachedwas being donehad been introducedThink about a sporting event you took part in o

29、r watched.Describe the experience using the passive voice in the past continuous and past perfect tenses.school sports meetingAthletes had been trained before the sports meeting.The opening ceremony was being held in the playground.Sticks were being passed from one runner to another in the relay rac

30、e.Athletes took part in different events and competed for the glory of their classes.The athlete were being chased by other athletes.Tips for describing a sporting eventThe time and place of the sporting event.You should use past tenses to describe what happened in the sporting event.You can describ

31、e the rules of the event and how well the athlete performed.What you can learn from the sporting event.1.The flowers _(water)by them now.2.I _(give)a new book by my father on my birthday.3.Some interesting stories _ often _(tell)to us by Tom in English.4.He _(hear)to say goodbye to his friend.5.He _

32、(see)playing basketball on the playground at 5:30 yesterday afternoon.6.I suggest that you lock your bicycle in the future,and then it wont get _(steal).are being watered was given are told was heard was seenstolen1.在主动语态中，有些使役动词和感官动词后接在主动语态中，有些使役动词和感官动词后接不带不带to的不定式的不定式作宾语补足语。作宾语补足语。但在被动语态中，要改为但在被动语

33、态中，要改为带带to的不定式的不定式(省略的省略的to要还原要还原)。如。如:see/hear/make sb.do sth.u 知识拓展知识拓展:1)这些花闻起来很香。这些花闻起来很香。The flowers _(smell)sweet.2)这件毛衣很好洗。这件毛衣很好洗。This sweater _(wash)well.3)这种布料易干。这种布料易干。This kind of cloth _(dry)easily.4)你的外套该洗洗了。你的外套该洗洗了。Your coat needs _(wash).5)这本书值得一看。这本书值得一看。This book is worth _(read).

34、2.主动表被动：主动表被动：washessmelldrieswashingreading1)连系动词连系动词+表语（表语（adj.）2)当当“open,shut,wash,clean”等等动词用来表示事物的某种属性时，动词用来表示事物的某种属性时，通常主动形式表被动含义。通常主动形式表被动含义。3)在在need,want,require,deserve等等表示表示“需要，值得需要，值得”的词后的词后+doing，主动表被动。，主动表被动。4)be worth doing，主动表被动。，主动表被动。6)The rescue is difficult to carry out.7)The fine

35、 1,000 each is not easy to accept.5)Sth.+is+adj.(for sb)to do句式中句式中,to do主动表被动，主动表被动，常用的形容词有常用的形容词有“hard,important,possible,heavy,interesting”等。等。8)Which driver was to blame for the accident?9)Another ship was to rent.5)be to blame(受到指责受到指责)，be to rent（出租）（出租）;主动表被主动表被动动1.As my breathing returned to

36、 normal,I reflected on what had just been achieved.reflect on:To form or express carefully considered thoughts about 思索思索eg She reflects on her countrys place in history.eg The excuses you gave reflect disappointingly on you.To give evidence that(one)has acted in a given way:证明（某人）以某种方式行动证明（某人）以某种方式

37、行动2.Over the next six weeks,I gradually increased the distance I ran in each training session and also made sure to allow my body enough time to rest and recover after each run.定语从句修饰定语从句修饰distance两个并列谓语两个并列谓语3.I ran my race relaxed and confident,even though my limits were being tested like never be

38、fore.形容词形容词relaxed和和confident在句中作状语，描述主语的状态。在句中作状语，描述主语的状态。e.g.He arrived home,hungry and tired.1)_(Lucky),he survived.2)_(Unite),we can get through all the difficulties.3)_(Obvious),the athlete devoted himself to the race.4)_(Curious),we looked around for other guests.5)_(Sudden),he saw a light in the dark cave.【语境应用语境应用】用所给单词的正确形式填空。用所给单词的正确形式填空。SuddenlyUnitedObviouslyCuriousLuckily