Unit 1 Lesson 1-Grammar不定式语法（ppt课件）-2023新北师大版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、Lesson 1 LifestyleGrammar-InfinitiveInfinitive 不 定 式 to do1234不定式的作用不定式的作用不定式的时态和语态不定式的时态和语态不定式的否定形式不定式的否定形式其他特殊情况其他特殊情况1不定式的作用不定式的作用1.1.作主语作主语:2.2.作作宾语宾语:3.3.作作宾语补足语宾语补足语:4.4.作表语作表语:5.5.作定语作定语:6.6.作状语作状语:To see is to believeHe wants to play computer games now.The teacher asked me to answer that que

2、stion.My belief is to keep it on.She is the first girl to win the match.I will work hard to get what I want.作宾语作宾语want to do sth.想要做某事refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事forget to do sth.忘记做某事need to do sth.需要做某事try to do sth.努力做某事 learn to do sth.学会做某事 like to do sth.喜欢做某事help to do sth.帮助做某事agree to do sth.同意做某

3、事hope to do sth.希望做某事decide to do sth.决定做某事begin to do sth.开始做某事start to do sth.开始做某事口诀：口诀：想要拒绝莫忘记想要拒绝莫忘记需要努力就学习需要努力就学习喜欢帮助也同意喜欢帮助也同意希望决定后开始希望决定后开始作宾语补足语作宾语补足语(带带toto）ask sb to do sth.要求某人做某事tell sb to do sth.告诉某人做某事get sb to do sth.让某人做某事teach sb to do sth.教某人做某事want sb to do sth.想要某人做某事invite sb t

4、o do sth.邀请某人做某事allow sb to do sth.允许某人做某事wish sb to do sth.希望某人做某事advise sb to do sth.建议某人做某事ecpect sb to do sth.期待某人做某事encourage sb to do sth.鼓励某人做某事force sb to do sth强迫某人做某事作宾语补足语作宾语补足语(不带不带toto）feel sb do sth.感到某人做某事感到某人做某事listen to sb do sth.听某人做某事听某人做某事hear sb do sth.听到某人做某事听到某人做某事make sb do s

5、th.让某人做某事让某人做某事let sb do sth.让某人做某事让某人做某事have sb do sth.让某人做某事让某人做某事look at sb do sth.看某人做某事看某人做某事see sb do sth.看到某人做某事看到某人做某事watch sb do sth.看某人做某事看某人做某事notice sb do sth.看某人做某事看某人做某事 口诀：口诀：一感，二听一感，二听三让，四看三让，四看注意：当这种结构变成被动语态时，to必须加上。eg.He was seen to leave the room with a book in his hand.2不定式的时态和语态

6、不定式的时态和语态时态主动语态被动语态一般时to doto be done进行时to be doing完成时to have doneto have been done3不定式的否定形式不定式的否定形式肯定形式：肯定形式：to do否定形式：否定形式：not to doeg.He tells me not to play basketball before I finish my homework.4其他特殊情况其他特殊情况1.在表示“除外”的 but,except 等少数介词的后面，可用带to的不定式；如其前面有 do 的任意形式时，不定式符号 to 需省略。eg.1.He had no ch

7、oice but to work hard.2.She did nothing but cry.2.在 who,which,what,when,where,how 等连接词之后，加动词不定式，构成一种特殊的不定式短语。其相当于一个名词性从句，在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语。eg.I dont know how to do it.We all wonder where to go.口诀：有do去to 无do加to3.有些形容词与不定式构成此结构：be adj.to do sth be eager to do sth.渴望做某事 be happy to do sth.很高兴做某事 be glad t

8、o do sth.很高兴做某事 be likely to do sth.有可能做某事 be sorry to do sth很抱歉做某事 eg.I am sorry to keep you waiting.不好意思，让您久等了！Exercise.单选1.She watched the children _ in the garden.A.to be played B.to play C.play D.to have 2.The teacher asked us _ so much noise.A.dont makeB.not makeC.not makingD.not to make3.Paul

9、 doesnt have to be made _.He always works hard.A.learn B.to learn C.learned D.learning4.I saw him _ out of the room.A.go B.had gone C.has gone D.goes5.Tell him _ the window.A.to shut notB.not to shut C.to not shut D.not shutExercise.填空 Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers of modern China.He was bor

10、n in Shaoxing,Zhejiang Province,in 1881.At first,Lu Xun hoped 6._(help)the Chinese people become healthy and strong,so he decided 7._(be)a doctor.After a few years,he started 8._(write)short stories because he wanted 9._(teach)people about society.One of his most famous stories is The True Story of Ah Q.It describes the hard life of Ah Q and makes people think about society.In the 1920s,people began10._(translate)his work into English.http:/ See you!