管理沟通概论课件.ppt
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- 管理 沟通 概论 课件
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1、Management Communication Zhang LiDepartment of Business Administration nIntroductionnCommunication StrategynEffective ListeningnMaking Presentations nNegotiatingnInterviewingnRunning MeetingsnWriting ReferencesnMary Munter,Guide to Managerial Communication,4th edition,Prentice Hall,Tsing Hua Univers
2、ity Press,1999nMichael E.Hattersley,Linda McJannet,Management Communication Principles and Practice,China Machine Press,McGraw-Hill,1998nRon Ludlow,Fergus Panton,Effective Communication,Prentice Hall,1997nKitty O.Locker,Business and Administrative Communication,5th edition,China Machine Press,McGraw
3、-Hill,2000n魏江,管理沟通理念与技能,科学出版社,2001n苏勇,罗殿军,管理沟通,复旦大学出版社,1999n罗锐韧,曾繁正,管理沟通,红旗出版社,1997 GradingnClass Participation 20%nOral Presentation 10%nCases Analysis and Presentation 30%nIndividual Assignment 40%Part 1 IntroductionPart 1 Introduction 第一节 管理沟通的内涵和要素 第二节 沟通的类型 第三节 管理模式与沟通Discussion(1):Background 你
4、是一位宇航员,与另外几位宇航员驾驶一太空船飞向月球,原计划去与已经降落月球、作为基地的太空母船会合。然而,因机械故障,你们的太空船只能迫降在距离太空母船200英里之外的月球表面。降落时许多设备受到损坏,而为了生存你们必须充分利用未受损坏的装备自行到达太空母船。下面列出了15样未受损坏的物资和装备,请依据其重要性分别标出1-15,以供你们出发时酌其重要性决定取舍(比如,你们的体力只能带13件,就只好放弃另外两件)。Discussion(1):Background序号 物资和装备 序号 物资和装备 一盒火柴 星际图 压缩食品 自行充气的救生筏 50 英尺尼龙绳 磁罗盘仪 丝质降落伞 5 加仑水 太
5、阳能携带式加热器 烟火信号枪 2 支 0.45 口径手枪 含注射器的急救箱 1 箱脱水牛奶 太阳能无线电收发器 2 瓶大气氧气 Discussion(1):Group CommunicationnAfter finishing self-judgement,your group uses informative or persuasive communication so as to get access to the common decision.The turn of 15 things should try to get everyones agreement.nAttentions:
6、-No matter informative,or persuasive communication,logic is the fundamental;-Dont change your idea only to avoid the conflict;-Dont make decision only to abide by“the minority and the majority”ruleDiscussion(1):序号 物资和装备 一组 二组 序号 物资和装备 一组 二组 一盒火柴 星际图 压缩食品 自行充气的救生筏 50 英尺尼龙绳 磁罗盘仪 丝质降落伞 5 加仑水 太阳能携带式加热器
7、烟火信号枪 2 支 0.45 口径手枪 含注射器的急救箱 1 箱脱水牛奶 太阳能无线电收发器 2 瓶大气氧气 Discussion(2):Self-assessment What key techniques,you think,decide the success of your career?What are your communication barriers in your job?What are the most effective approaches to improve your communication skills?What do you wish to learn
8、much more in this course?Significance of MCnCo-ordination requires communication.what is an organization?Firstly,it consists of a number of people.Secondly,it involves interdependence.nCommunicative capability heavily influences your career development to some extent.Harold Koontz(哈罗德孔茨):“管理就是设计和保持一
9、种良好环境,使人在群体里高效率地完成既定目标。”Henri Foyol(亨利法约尔):planning计划,organizing组织,coordinating协调,commanding领导,controlling控制Henry Mintzberg(亨利明兹伯格):“Verbal and written contacts are the managers work.”“Managers must be able to communicate easily and efficiently.”约翰约翰奈斯比特奈斯比特:“未来竞争将是管理的竞争,竞争的焦点在于每个社会组织内部成员之间及其与外部组织的有
10、效沟通之上。”松下幸之助松下幸之助:“伟大的事业需要一颗真诚的心与人沟通。”乔丹与皮蓬:“我们两个人在场上的沟通相当重要,我们相互从对方眼神、手势、表情中获取对方的意图,于是我们传、切、突破、得分;但是,如果我们失去彼此间的沟通,那么公牛的末日来临了。”n美国著名学府普林斯顿大学对一万份人事档案进行分析,结果发现:“智慧”、“专业技术”和“经验”只占成功因素的25,其余75决定于良好的人际沟通。n哈佛大学就业指导小组1995年调查结果显示,在500名被解职的男女中,因人际沟通不良而导致工作不称职者占82。n“三个臭皮匠,赛过一个诸葛亮”沟通是个人事业成功的重要因素n只有与人良好的沟通,才能为他
11、人所理解;n只有与人良好的沟通,才能得到必要的信息;n只有与人良好的沟通,才能获得他人的鼎力相助,正所谓“能此者大道坦然,不能此者孤帆片舟”。Why communicate?n It leads to greater effectiveness.n It keeps people in the picture.n It gets people involved with the organization and increases motivation to perform well;increases commitment to the organization.n It makes for
12、 better relationships and understanding between:boss and subordinate;colleagues;people within the organization and outside it.n It helps people to understand the need for change:how they should manage it;how to reduce resistance to change.第一节第一节 管理沟通的内涵和要素管理沟通的内涵和要素 一、管理沟通的概念 Concept of MCn机机沟通n人机沟通
13、n人人沟通 管理沟通是指沟通者为了获取沟通对象的反管理沟通是指沟通者为了获取沟通对象的反应和反馈而向对方传递信息的全部过程应和反馈而向对方传递信息的全部过程 nCommunication depends on the nature of the message to be passed,and on the relationship between the sender and the receiver.nYou are successful only if your message leads to the response of your audience.e.g.“Arthur,I wo
14、nder if youd like to look at your account,its a bit overdue.”“Mr.Jones,your account is very overdue and we are placing the matter in the hands of our solicitors at the end of this week if it is not brought within our normal terms of sale by then”Natures of MC n Media:language or letters;n Content:In
15、formation,Thoughts,Emotion,Aspects,Attitude etc;n Philosophy greatly influences the understanding of motive,behavior and goal;n Special barriers:Information disorder,Philosophy elements(preference,background,experiences and value).管理沟通的内涵:管理沟通的内涵:1.沟通首先是意义上的传递。2.要使沟通成功,意义不仅需要被传递,还需要被理解。3.在沟通过程中,所有传递
16、于沟通者之间的,只是一些符号,而不是信息本身。4.良好的沟通常被错误地理解为沟通双方达成协议,而不是准确理解信息的意义。5.沟通的信息是包罗万象的。Case 1:EC公司工资改革方案的出台Discussion:1人事部主任为了保证工资改革的顺利实施,要解决好沟通问题,从该案例看,他应如何考虑沟通的对象,以及针对不同对象的沟通信息策略和内容等问题?2人事部主任为实施工资改革方案,具体的沟通目的是什么?案例中所述的五点建议,能否保证沟通的顺利实现?3在工资改革方案酝酿过程中出现各种不同的意见和说法,这些非正式信息产生的原因是什么,应如何看待这些信息对工资改革方案出台的影响?余平认为应加强工资改革方
17、案出台前的保密工作,你对此如何看?4公司在全面推行新的工资改革方案之前,选择公司技术开发中心作为试点部门。该部门试点的成功是否一定能说明在整个公司推行工资改革方案的成功?你对余平实行的沟通过程作何评价?二、管理沟通的过程 Process of MC 图1.1 管理沟通的过程 三、管理沟通要素三、管理沟通要素(Elements of MC)n信息源信息源 Information Source(Who is initiating action?)n听众听众 Audience(positive,neutral,or negative;key or secondary audiences)n沟通目标沟
18、通目标 Communication Objective(solving problem)n环境环境 Environment(internal&external)n信息信息 Message(Consider how much information they need,what doubts theyre likely to have,how your proposal will benefit them?)n媒介媒介 Media(speak,write,call,E-mail,meet,fax,produce a videotape,or hold a press conference)n反馈
19、反馈 Feedback (Communication is not an act,but a process.)Successful business communication depends on answering a few crucial questions:n Have you mastered and organized all the relevant information?n Have you taken into account the personal and organizational context?n Have you defined a clear,achie
20、vable objective?n Have you considered the needs of your audiences?n Have you expressed yourself as clearly,vividly,and forcefully as possible?n Have you chosen the right communication channels?有效管理沟通的检核表你是否已经掌握并组织好沟通过程中所有相关的信息?你是否了解或掌握好了有关个体和组织的背景资料和环境状况?你是否明确要实现和能实现的目标?你是否清楚听众的需要?你是否清晰、生动和有说服力地表达你的
21、观点?你是否选择了正确的沟通渠道?什么妨碍了沟通?什么妨碍了沟通?方式一:“小刘,你接电话的方式真是太唐突了,你需要从现在开始接受职业化的训练。”方式二:“小刘,我正在关注你在电话中与顾客的交谈方式,我想和你讨论一下。我注意到你讲话的速度相当快,因而,我担心对一些顾客来说,可能很难理解你所表达的,毕竟你比顾客更了解、更熟悉情况。”Barriers to communication:nstatus effects 地位影响nsemantic problems 语义问题nperceptual distortions 感觉失真ncultural differences 文化差异 nphysical
22、distractions 环境混乱 npoor choice of communication channels 信息渠道选择不当nno feedback 无反馈 Barriers to communication can be classified into three groups:1.Barriers to reception:n environmental stimulin the receivers attitudes and valuesn the receivers needs and expectations2.Barriers to understanding:n langu
23、age,semantic problemsn the ability of the receiver to listen and receive,especially messages which threaten his or her self-conceptn the length of the communicationn status effects3.Barriers to acceptance:n prejudicesn interpersonal conflicts between sender and receiver Dealing with barriers:Sender
24、(5W1H)nWHO:To whom should the message go?nWHY:Why am I communicating?What are my motives?nWHAT:Decide what to communicate.Be clear about what you need to communicate.nWHEN:Choose the best time for optimum reception.nWHERE:Choose a location which will not interfere with the reception,understanding an
25、d acceptance of the message:privately?In a group?At work or outside?nHOW:Use language the receiver will understand and which is unambiguous.nKeep checking with receiver.ReceivernBe fully attentive to sender.nListen actively to the message being sent.nAsk for clarification,repetition where necessary.
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