小学英语语法总结及练习(课堂)课件.ppt

1、121.口诀：我用我用am,你用你用are,is用在他她它，用在他她它，复数全用复数全用are。2.肯定句：I am Sarah.He is a teacher.She is in the room.It is a dog.My hair is long.We are family.They are friends.Her eyes are small.1.Be 动词的用法动词的用法33.否定句否定句：I am not Sarah.Im not Sarah.He is not a teacher.She is not in the room.It isnt a dog.My hair isnt

2、 long.We are not family.They are not friends.Her eyes arent small.4.一般疑问句一般疑问句：Am I Sarah?Yes,you are.No,you arent.Is she Sarah?Yes,she is.No,she isnt.Are they friends?Yes,they are.No,they arent.Be 动词的用法动词的用法4用am,is,are 填空1.I _ a boy._ you a boy?No,I _ not.2.Where _ your mother?She _ at home.3._ you

3、r brother in the classroom?4.Mike and Liu Tao _ at school.5.The man with big eyes _ a teacher.6.Whose book _ this?7._ these books Sarahs?Be 动词的用法动词的用法51人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前，宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。2物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。2.人称代词和物主代词人称代词和物主代词6人称代词和物主代词人称代词和物主代词7人称代词和物主代词人称代词和物主

4、代词8一.用所给词的适当形式填空1.Is this _watch?(you)No,its not _.(I)2.That is not _ book.That book is very small,but _ is very big.(I)3.The book is _.Give it to _.(you)4.I have a beautiful cat._name is Mimi.These cakes are _.(it)人称代词和物主代词人称代词和物主代词95._ is my brother._ name is Jack.Look!Those books are _.(he)6._sis

5、ter is ill.Please go and get_.(she)7.Where are _?I cant find _.Lets call _ parents.(they)8.Can _ have a look at that classroom?That is _classroom.(we)9._dont know her name.Would you tell _.(we)人称代词和物主代词人称代词和物主代词103.名词复数规则名词复数规则1一般情况下，直接加一般情况下，直接加-s，如：如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2以以s.x.sh.

6、ch结尾，加结尾，加-es，如：如：bus-buses,box-boxes,watch-watches.3.黑人，英雄，土豆，西红柿变复数后面加黑人，英雄，土豆，西红柿变复数后面加es，其他以，其他以o结结尾的单词变复数后加尾的单词变复数后加s,如：如：photo-photos,hero-heroes,negro-negroes,potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes.4以以“辅音字母辅音字母 y”结尾，变结尾，变y为为i,再加再加-es，如：如：day-days,family-families.5以以“f或或fe”结尾，变结尾，变f或或fe为为v,再加再加-es，如：

7、如：knife-knives，leafleaves.11 5不规则名词复数不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth fish-fish,deer-deer,sheep-sheep,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese.名词复数规则名词复数规则12练习：写出下列各词的复数book_ bag_potato_ tomato _photo _ box _ dress _ bus _ peach_ sandwich _ dish _ tooth_ 名词复数规则

8、名词复数规则13 diary _ day_ strawberry _ family_ leaf _ knife_ tooth_ foot _ sheep_ people_ man_ woman _ child _ deer _ Chinese_ Japanese_名词复数规则名词复数规则 144.动词三单的变化规则动词三单的变化规则当主语为第三人称单数（he,she,it等）时，谓语动词需变成三单结构。1一般情况下，直接加一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks.2以以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加结尾，加-es，如：如：guess-guesses,wash-washes.3以以“辅音

9、字母辅音字母+y”结尾，变结尾，变y为为i,再加再加-es，如：如：stay-stays,study-studies.4.have变成has,do变成does.15练习:一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink _ make _ look _ have_ plant_ come_ go _ watch_fly _ stay _ study_ carry _ brush_ teach_pass_ guess_ 动词三单的变化规则动词三单的变化规则16二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.He often _(have)dinner at home.2.Su Hai and Su Yang _(ha

10、ve)eight lessons this term.3.The girl _(teach)us English on Sundays.4.She _(go)to school from Monday to Friday.动词三单的变化规则动词三单的变化规则17用括号内动词的适当形式填空。5.Liu Tao _(play)sports to_ (stay)healthy.The child often 6._(fly)kites on Sundays.7.Mike_(like)cooking.8.What day _(be)it today?Its Saturday.动词三单的变化规则动词三单

11、的变化规则181、there be句型与句型与have(has)的区别：的区别：there be（is，are）表示在某地有某物（或人），表示在某地有某物（或人），主语主语是某地是某地；have(has)表示某人拥有某物，表示某人拥有某物，主语是某人主语是某人。2、在在there be 句型中，句型中，be 动词的形式根据离动词的形式根据离be 动词最动词最近的那个名词决定，如果是近的那个名词决定，如果是单数单数，be 动词动词用用is;如果是如果是复数复数，be 动词动词用用are。There is a book and three pens.There are three pens and

12、 a book.3.have,has：主语是第一、二人称，或者复数，用：主语是第一、二人称，或者复数，用have.主语是第三人称单数，用主语是第三人称单数，用has。I have a book.He has a book.5.There be 句型与句型与have,has的区别的区别195、否定句，一般疑问句的区别：、否定句，一般疑问句的区别：There isnt a book and three pens.There arent three pens and a book.I havent a book.He hasnt a book.Is there a book and three pe

13、ns?Are there three pens and a book?Do you have a book?Does he have a book?6.There be 句型与句型与have,has的区别的区别206.肯定句中出现肯定句中出现some或或and，在，在否定句或疑问句中要分否定句或疑问句中要分别变成别变成any,or。7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：How many+名词复数名词复数+are there+介词短语？介词短语？How much+不可数名词不可数名词+is there+介词短语？介词短语？There be 句型与句型与have,has的区别的区别21练习：F

14、ill in the blank with“have,has”or“there is,there are”1.I_a good father and a good mother.2.What do you_?3.They_a nice garden.4._some maps on the wall.5._a map of the world on the wall.There be 句型与句型与have,has的区别的区别22练习：Fill in the blank with“have,has”or“there is,there are”6.What does Mike_?7.My paren

15、ts_a story-book.8.How many students_in the classroom?9.How much water _on the desk?There be 句型与句型与have,has的区别的区别23一般现在时的功能一般现在时的功能1.1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.The sky is blue.2.2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every I get up at six every day.day.3.3.表示客观现实。如：表示客

16、观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.The earth goes around the sun.一般现在时的构成一般现在时的构成1.be1.be动词：主语动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：其它。如：I am a boy.I am a boy.2.2.行为动词：主语行为动词：主语+行为动词行为动词(+(+其它其它)。如：。如：We study English.We study English.3.3.当主语为第三人称单数当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加时，要在动词后加-

17、s-s或或-es-es。如：。如：Mary likes Chinese.Mary likes Chinese.6.一般现在时一般现在时24一般现在时的变化一般现在时的变化1.be动词的变化。动词的变化。否定句：否定句：主语主语+be+not+其它。其它。如：如：He is not a worker.一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Be+主语主语+其它。其它。如：如：-Are you a student?-Yes.I am./No,Im not.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：疑问词疑问词+一般疑问句。一般疑问句。如：如：Where is my bike?一般现在时一般现在时252.行为动词的变化。行为动词的变

18、化。否定句：否定句：主语主语+dont(doesnt)+动词原形动词原形(+其它其它)。如：如：I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。构成否定句。如如He doesnt often play.一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语主语+动词原形动词原形+其它。其它。如：如：-Do you often play football?-Yes,I do./No,I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。构成一般疑问句。如：如：-Does she go to wor

19、k by bike?-Yes,she does./No,she doesnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。一般疑问句。如：如：How does your father go to work?一般现在时一般现在时26一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.He often _(have)dinner at home.2.Daniel and Tommy _(be)in Class One.3.We _(not watch)TV on Monday.4.Nick _(not go)to the zoo on Sunday.5._ they _(like)the World Cup

20、?6.What _they often _(do)on Saturdays?7._ your parents _(read)newspapers every day?8.The girl _(teach)us English on Sundays.9.She and I _(take)a walk together every evening.10.There _(be)some water in the bottle.一般现在时一般现在时27二、按照要求改写句子。1.Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)_2.I do my homework ever

21、y day.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)_3.Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_一般现在时一般现在时28 对划线部分提问。4.John like taking photos in the park every morning._5.John like taking photos in the park every morning._6.John like taking photos in the park every morning._7.John like taking photos in the park every mor

22、ning._一般现在时一般现在时29三、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1.Is your brother speak English?_2.Does he likes going fishing?_3.He likes play games after class._4.Mr.Wu teachs us English._5.She dont do her homework on Sundays._一般现在时一般现在时301现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为现在进行时的肯定

23、句基本结构为be+动词动词ing。Im reading now.He is doing his homework now.3现在进行时的否定句在现在进行时的否定句在be后加后加not。He isnt doing his homework now.4现在进行时的一般疑问句把现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。动词调到句首。Is he doing his homework now?5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+be+主语主语+动词动词ing?What is he doing now?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+

24、be+动词动词ing?Who is reading now?7.现在进行时现在进行时311一般情况下，直接加一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不发音的以不发音的e结尾，去结尾，去e加加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping动词动词加加ing的变化规则的变化规则32一、写出下列动词的现在分词：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _ make

25、_go_ like_ write_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_ put_ 动词加动词加ing的变化规则的变化规则33写出下列动词的现在分词：写出下列动词的现在分词：love_ live_ take_ come _ get_ stop_ sit _ begin_ see_ buy _ listen_ visit_动词加动词加ing的变化规则的变化规则34用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _(draw)a picture now.2.Listen Some girls _(sing)in the classroom.3.My mother _(cook)som

26、e nice food now.4.What _ you _(do)now?5.Look!They _(have)an English lesson.现在进行时现在进行时356.They _(not,water)the flowers now.7.Look!The girls _(dance)in the classroom.8.What is our daughter doing?She_(listen)to music.9.Its 5 oclock now.We_(have)supper now.10._Helen_(wash)clothes?Yes,she is.现在进行时现在进行时36

27、一、一般将来时的概念：表示一、一般将来时的概念：表示将要发生的动作将要发生的动作或存在的状态及或存在的状态及打算、计划打算、计划或准备做某事或准备做某事。句中一般有以下句中一般有以下时间状语时间状语：tomorrow,next day(week,month,year),soon，the day after tomorrow（后天）等。（后天）等。二、二、基本结构：基本结构：be going to+do；will+do.三、三、否定句：否定句：在在be动词（动词（am,is,are）l后加后加not，变成，变成amnt,isnt,arent.或情态动词或情态动词will后加后加not变成变成wo

28、nt。例如：例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon.Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、四、一般疑问句：一般疑问句：be或或will提到句首，提到句首，some改为改为any,and改为改为or，第一二人称互换。，第一二人称互换。例如：例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend.Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?8.一般将来时一般将来时37五、对划线部分提问：一般情况，一般将来时的

29、对划线部分有三种情况。五、对划线部分提问：一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1.问人。问人。Who 例如：例如：Im going to New York soon.Whos going to New York soon？2.问干什么。问干什么。What 例如：例如：My father is going to watch TV with me this afternoon.What is your father going to do with you this afternoon？3.问什么时候。问什么时候。When.例如：例如：Shes going to go to bed at

30、nine.When is she going to bed?六、同义句：六、同义句：be going to=will I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）（明天）.=I will go swimming tomorrow.一般将来时一般将来时38练习：用练习：用be going to和和will分别填空。分别填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.或或I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水

31、果。你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _?Yes,she _.She _ _ _ buy some fruit.或或_ your mother go shopping this _?Yes,she _.She _ buy some fruit.一般将来时一般将来时39改句子：改句子：5.Sarah is going to go shoping.（改否定）（改否定）Sarah _ going to go shoping.6.Ill go and join them.（改否定）（改否定）I _ go _ join t

32、hem.7.We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）（改一般疑问句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30?8.She is going to buy some fruits after school.（对划线（对划线部分提问）部分提问）_ _ she _ _ _ after school?一般将来时一般将来时401一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经

33、常或反复发生的动作。或反复发生的动作。2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt）如：I was ill yesterday.I wasnt ill yesterday.are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent）如：They were at Beijing last month.They werent at Beijing last month.带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把一般疑问句把was或或

34、were调到句首调到句首。如：Was he ill yesterday?Were they at Beijing last month?9.一般过去时一般过去时413句中没有句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子动词的一般过去时的句子否定句：否定句：didnt+动词原形动词原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑问句：疑问词特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语主语+动词原形？动词原形？如：What did Ji

35、m do yesterday?疑问词当主语时：疑问词疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?一般过去时一般过去时42动词过去式变化规则：动词过去式变化规则：1一般在动词末尾加一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：look-looked,cook-cooked2结尾是结尾是e的，直接加的，直接加d，如：taste-tasted3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped,visit-visited.4

36、以以“辅音字母辅音字母+y”结尾的，变结尾的，变y为为i，再再加加-ed，如：study-studied,pay-payed.一般过去时一般过去时435不规则动词过去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,have-had,go-went,say-said,get-got,see-saw,give-gave,come-came,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,make-made,sit-sat,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-sw

37、ept,swim-swam,put-put,read-read.一般过去时一般过去时44过去时练习：写出下列动词的过去式isam_ are _ do _does_ have_ go_say_ fly_ put_plant_ play_ drink_make _ dance_ask_worry_ eat_ taste_ draw_pass_ throw_ kick_ 一般过去时一般过去时45Be动词的过去时练习动词的过去时练习一、用一、用be动词的适当形式填空。动词的适当形式填空。1.I _ an English teacher now.2.She _ happy yesterday.3.The

38、y _ glad to see each other last month.4.Helen and Nancy _ good friends.5.The little dog _ two years old this year.6.Look,there _ lots of grapes here.7.There _ a sign on the chair on Monday.8.Today _ the second of June.Yesterday _ the first of June.It _ Childrens Day.All the students _ very excited.一

39、般过去时一般过去时46一、用动词的适当形式填空。1.It _(be)the 2nd of November yesterday.Mr White _(go)to his office by car.2.Gao Shan _(put)the book on his head a moment ago.3.Dont _ the house.Mum _ it yesterday.(clean)4.What _ you _ just now?I _ some housework.(do)5.They _(make)a kite a week ago.6.I want to _ apples.But m

40、y dad _ all of them last month.(pick)7._ he _ the flowers this morning?Yes,he _.(water)8.She _(be)a pretty girl.Look,she _(do)Chinese dances.9.The students often _(draw)some pictures in the art room.10.What _ Mike do on the farm?He _ cows.(milk)一般过去时一般过去时47二、句型转换。1.There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_三、中译英。1我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。_2他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。_3一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。_一般过去时一般过去时48Byebye!