高中英语《现在完成时》课件.ppt

1、*现在完成时现在完成时*构成：现在完成时是由助动词构成：现在完成时是由助动词have（has）过去分）过去分词词否定句：在否定句：在have/has后加后加not.一般疑问句：把一般疑问句：把have/has提到主语前提到主语前.动词的过去分词：规则变化（和过去时一样）动词的过去分词：规则变化（和过去时一样）不规则变化不规则变化现在完成时现在完成时不规则变化：不规则变化：am/is-was-been are-were-been begin-began-begun break-broke-broken do-did-done draw-drew-drawn drink-drank-drunk d

2、rive-drove-driven eat-ate-eaten fall-fell-fallen fly-flew-flown forget-forgot-forgotten give-gave-given go-went-gone 完成时态的分类完成时态的分类 现在完成时现在完成时：站在：站在现在现在回顾回顾过去过去 1.表示表示“影响影响”2.表示表示“持续持续”过去完成时：站在过去回顾过去的过去过去完成时：站在过去回顾过去的过去 将来完成时：站在将来回顾此前发生的事将来完成时：站在将来回顾此前发生的事件件1“影响影响”表过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响表过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影

3、响或结果或结果.(多数需要结合上下文多数需要结合上下文语境语境）Eg.I have just cleaned my clothes.我刚洗过衣服。我刚洗过衣服。（“洗衣服洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了衣服干净了”）I have just had my breakfast.(对现在的影响：不饿对现在的影响：不饿)影响影响 近的影响近的影响 远的影响远的影响 经历经历 eg.I have visited your factory before.与其搭配的时间状语：与其搭配的时间状语：just（刚刚）（刚刚）,already（已经）（

4、已经）,before,yet（一般（一般疑问：已经；否定句：还）疑问：已经；否定句：还）never,ever I have never heard of that before.Have you ever ridden a horse?She has already finished the work.Have you milked the cow yet?Yes,I have done that already.Ive just finished my homework.He has not come yet.2.“持续持续”表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作

5、或状态，并可能继续下去的动作或状态。作或状态，并可能继续下去的动作或状态。Eg.I havent seen her these days.She has learnt English for 3 years/since 3 years ago.They have lived here since 1990.What has happened to the USA in the last 350 years?1.for（段时间）（段时间）,since（过去点时间）（过去点时间）2.到目前为止到目前为止/迄今：迄今：so far,till now,up to now3.最近几个日、月、年以来最近几

6、个日、月、年以来：these days,in/over/during for the last/past few years/months/weeks/days,through years与其搭配的时间状语与其搭配的时间状语(默认的时间结点在现在）默认的时间结点在现在）eg.I have been here for just over two years.He has worked here since 1989.从从1989年，他就在这工作年，他就在这工作了。了。动词动词 延续性动词延续性动词 非延续性动词的非延续性动词的否定时态否定时态 或或转换为延续性动词转换为延续性动词2.非延续性动词

7、非延续性动词也称终止性动词，瞬间动词，表示动作瞬间完成 例如：become,begin,buy,borrow,arrive,come,die,fall,finish,get to know,go,join,leave,marry 3.非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换1.延续性动词延续性动词have，keep等来代替非延续性动词。等来代替非延续性动词。他入党五年了。He joined the Party five years ago.He has been in the Party for five years.电影开始五分钟了。The film began five

8、 minutes ago.The film has been on for five e/go be(in)leave be away borrow keep buy havedie be dead get to know know begin be on open be openclose be closed arrive be here/there marry/get married(to)be married(to)fall asleep/get to sleep be asleepjoin the Party be in the Party/be a member of()()()()

9、()()()()I have bought a new dictionary for a week.I have had a new dictionary for a week.我买一本新词典已有一星期了。我买一本新词典已有一星期了。They have come here for two days.They have been here for two days.他们来这儿已经两天了。他们来这儿已经两天了。He has joined the League member for two years.He has been a League member for two years.他已入团两年了

10、。他已入团两年了。The man has been dead for several years.The man has died for several years.这个人已经死了几年了。这个人已经死了几年了。1.I have borrowed the book for 2 weeks.()2.The film has begun for 5 minutes.()A B CA B CB kept B been on3.这辆自行车我买了两年了。这辆自行车我买了两年了。Ive _ the bike _ two years.4.He left Nanjing two years ago.He _

11、_ _ _ Nanjing for two years.5.The monkey died last month.The monkey _ _ _ for a month.6.A:Hong long _ you _()B:Two weeks.A.did,get ill B.have,fallen ill C.were,ill D.have,been illhad forhas been away fromhas been deadD注意注意一一.常用现在完成时的句型常用现在完成时的句型This/It is the first/last/only+n.+that+现在现在完成时完成时This/I

12、t is the first/secondtime that+现在现在完成时完成时This/It is+adj.最高级最高级(the best/worst/most interesting)+名词名词+that+现在完成时现在完成时二二.have been in,have been to 与与have gone to 的用法：的用法：1、have(has)been in 表示表示“在某地（多长时间）在某地（多长时间）”，现在仍在，现在仍在那里。那里。持续持续Mr.Brown has been in Shanghai for three days.布朗来上海已经有三天了。布朗来上海已经有三天了。

13、They have been in Canada for five years.他们到加拿大有五年了。他们到加拿大有五年了。2、have(has)been to表示表示“曾经去过某地曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里，现在已经不在那里了。了。影响影响I have just been to the post office.我刚才去邮局了。我刚才去邮局了。Mary has never been to the Great Wall.玛丽从未去过长城。玛丽从未去过长城。Have you ever been to Hangzhou before?你以前曾经去过杭州吗？你以前曾经去过杭州吗？3、have(h

14、as)gone to 意为意为“到某地去了到某地去了”影响影响-Where is Tom?-He has gone to the bookshop.他到书店去了。他到书店去了。Jack Johnson has gone to London.杰克杰克.约翰逊到伦敦去了。约翰逊到伦敦去了。三三.一般过去时和现在完成时的区分一般过去时和现在完成时的区分The plane has arrived.飞机已经来了。（说明现飞机已经来了。（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿）在的情况：飞机在这儿）The plane arrived a quarter ago.飞机是一刻中飞机是一刻中以前来的。（强调动作发生的时间在

15、过去）以前来的。（强调动作发生的时间在过去）I have taught here for fifteen years.我在这儿已我在这儿已经教了十五年。（表示十五年前的动作一直延续到经教了十五年。（表示十五年前的动作一直延续到现在，还可能会继续。）现在，还可能会继续。）I taught here for fifteen years.我过去在这儿教过我过去在这儿教过十五年。（表示十五年。（表示“我我“现在已经不在这儿任教了）现在已经不在这儿任教了）用括号中所给的动词的适当形式完成下列句子。用括号中所给的动词的适当形式完成下列句子。1.Mary _(lose)her pen._ you _(see

16、)it here and there?2._ you _(find)your watch yet?3.-Are you thirsty?-NO,I _ just _(have)some orange.4.We _already _(return)the book.5._ they _(build)a new school in the village?6.-Has Tom taught you English?-Yes,he _(teach)us English for two years.7.I _(not finish)my homework yet.Can you help me?8.What _ they _(do)with the newspaper?They have read them.9.-The door is open.Who _(open)it?Do you know?-Sorry,I dont know.10.My father _(read)the novel twice.Thank you 再再 见见