(全国通用)中考英语复习专题十六词语运用(试卷部分)课课件.ppt

1、专题十六词语运用中考英语中考英语(全国版)一、(2018陕西)用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,使短文完整正确。he,happy,baby,save,arm,volunteer,clean,quick,work,turnWang Ping is a cleaner.He has1 in a park for 5 years.He is also a good father.Nothing can make him2 than playing with his little daughter in his free time.Last Tuesday afternoon,while he was3

2、 the park,suddenly,he heard a woman crying for help.He ran up4 to see what happened.The womans 15-month-old baby girl choked(窒息)on a small piece of pear and her face5 purple.The baby was too young to save herself,and the mother was so nervous that she didnt know how to save her daughter properly.Luc

3、kily,Wang Ping knew what to do.He took the baby in his6 without thinking twice.With the mothers help,Wang Ping held the baby upside down and gave her a few pats(轻拍)on the back.After a A组 2018年全国中考题组五年中考short while,he succeeded in getting the piece of pear out of her mouth and the baby began to cry.H

4、er mom was so thankful because her daughter was7 .Wang Ping tried his best and saved the8 life.In his mind,helping others is just helping 9 .He hoped more people could10 to help the people in need if possible.答案语篇解读王平是一位清洁工,也是一位好父亲。空闲时间没有什么比和他的小女儿一起玩耍更能使他开心了。一次工作中他帮一位母亲救了她15个月大的孩子。在他心里,帮助别人就是帮助自己,他希

5、望更多的人能够主动帮助需要帮助的人。1.worked句意:王平在一个公园工作五年了。根据句意和时态可知应用动词的过去分词形式。2.happier由句中than可知应用形容词比较级。3.cleaning王平是清洁工,所以他的工作是“清扫”公园。描述的动作在过去某个时间正在进行,用过去进行时,其构成为was/were+v.-ing。故用现在分词。4.quickly设空处修饰ran,故用副词。5.turned表示颜色变化用turn。文章说的是过去的事,故用一般过去时。6.arms句意:他不假思索就把孩子抱住。take sb.in ones arms把某人抱在怀里。7.saved设空处为一般过去时的被

6、动语态,其构成为was/were+过去分词。8.babys设空处后有名词,故用名词所有格。9.himself句意:在他看来,帮助别人就是帮助自己。由句意可知用反身代词。10.volunteer情态动词could后跟动词原形。volunteer to do sth.意为“志愿(主动)做某事”。二、(2018浙江杭州)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Next time you hold a book in your hands,stop and think.Like most other things in the modern world,it is th

7、e result of thousands of years of human invention.First came the invention of writing,1 (probable)about 5,500 years ago.With writing,people did not have to remember everything in their heads.They could communicate with people that they never 2 (see)and share their knowledge with future generations.L

8、ater,the Greeks were well-known for their literature(文学)and science,but their“books”looked very different 3 the books of today.They were called scrolls(卷轴).They were difficult to use and took a lot of space in a library.About 2,000 years ago,books with lots of pages 4 (invent).For more than a thousa

9、nd years,the pages of books were made from animal skin.That changed in 5 thirteenth century,when Europeans learned about a very 6 (use)Chinese invention:pa-per.But the biggest change for books in Europe came in 1439,when Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press.Before that,books in Europe were

10、 copied by hand,so they were very expensive.Many more people could afford the books 7 were produced on a printing press.These days it is difficult 8 (imagine)a world without books.But human invention does not stop.Every year,more 9 (story)are bought as e-books and read on a screen.Will anyone turn t

11、he pages of a traditional book in the future,10 will books,like scrolls,soon disappear?答案语篇解读本文讲述了文字及书的发明为交流提供了极大的便利,随着科技的进步书本会继续存在还是消失呢?1.probably句意:首先是字的发明,可能大约在5,500年以前出现了。probably可能。2.saw句意:他们可以和他们从来都看不到的人交流并且和后代分享他们的知识。3.from/to/than句意:后来,希腊人因文学和科学而出名,但他们的“书”看起来和今天的书非常不同。be different from/to/th

12、an与不同。4.were invented句意:大约2,000年前,有许多页的书被发明出来。5.the句意:当欧洲人得知了一种非常有用的中国发明纸,那种情况在十三世纪改变了。the thirteenth century十三世纪。6.useful句意同上。useful有用的。7.that/which句意:更多的人可以支付得起用印刷机生产出来的书。此处设空处引导定语从句,并在从句中作主语。8.to imagine句意:现如今很难想象没有书的世界(是怎样的)。imagine想象。9.storiesstory为可数名词,前有more修饰,故用复数形式。10.or句意:未来会有人翻着看传统的书,还是像卷

13、轴那样的书会很快消失呢?三、(2018广东)请用适当的词完成下面的短文。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。Will Johnson has worked his way up the list of most popular stars in his country.In fact,it is not surprising that Will is so successful if we know about his early life.Some valuable lessons he learnt as a child have strongly influenced him 1

14、 his later life.One of them was from his father 2 was strict with him and his brother.Once,Will and his brother Harry 3 given a job to rebuild a broken brick(砖)wall in the yard.The wall was fifty feet 4 and around sixteen feet high.The boys had to mix concrete(水泥)and place only one brick at a time.T

15、hey didnt know why their father gave them 5 a huge job.6 ,with the attitude(态度)of“one brick more”,both Will and Harry rebuilt the wall in 7 period of six months.Each time they were about to give up,their father 8 them up patient-ly.Both brothers were so sad about the job at 9 ,but after completing t

16、he task,they felt a sense of pride,and so did their father.Even today when Will thinks that he wont be able to do some-thing,he will look back to this experience and keep telling 10 ,“one brick at a time”.答案语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个非常受欢迎的明星Will Johnson小时候的一段经历:爸爸让他和哥哥砌墙,从而让他认识到坚持的重要性。1.in句意:小时候他吸取的一些宝贵的教

17、训对他以后的生活有很大的影响。in ones life 在某人的生活中,固定搭配。2.who/that句意:其中一个(教训)来自对他和他哥哥要求严格的爸爸。根据句子结构可知此处考查定语从句的关系代词。此处要用关系代词who/that指代表示人的先行词his father,在从句中作主语。3.were句意:有一次,Will和他哥哥Harry被给予了一份工作,要重建院子里的一堵破砖墙。根据句意可知Will和Harry两人与give 存在被动关系,并根据时间状语once可知此处要用一般过去时,故答案为were。4.long/wide句意:这堵墙有五十英尺长/宽,大概十六英尺高。根据下文的high“高

18、度”,并结合句意可知此处表示这堵墙的长度/宽度。5.such句意:他们不知道为什么他们的爸爸会给他们这么艰巨的一份工作。根据句意可知此处要用“such a/an+形容词+单数可数名词”结构强调爸爸给了他们如此艰巨的一份工作。6.However句意:然而,抱着“再加一块砖”的态度,Will和Harry两人在六个月的时间内重修了这堵墙。由语境可知此处表转折关系,根据设空后的逗号可知此处要用副词,因此排除连词but,故答案为However。7.aa period of.一段的时间,表示“期间”。8.cheered/backed句意:每次当他们要放弃时,他们的爸爸都会耐心地鼓励/支持他们。cheer

19、sb.up使某人振奋,固定短语;back sb.up支持某人,固定短语。9.first两兄弟最初对这份工作都感到很难过,但完成了任务以后,他们和爸爸都感到自豪。at first最初,首先,固定短语。10.himself句意:甚至到了今天当Will认为他不能做某事时,他会回顾这次经历并不断告诉自己“一次加一块砖”。根据句意可知此处要用反身代词himself指代他自己。四、(2018吉林)从方框中选择正确选项,完成短文(方框中有两个选项是多余的)。A.happilyB.sadC.everythingD.whatE.butF.parkG.nothingH.toI.whyJ.walkingK.howL

20、.putThere was a time when I had some difficulties in my life.I felt 1 all day long.Nobody could make me cheerful.One thing that happened made me change.One day,I went to the 2 for a rest.There was an empty bench and I sat down.Suddenly,a young boy came around.“Did you see 3 I found?”he asked in exci

21、tement.I looked down and saw a small withered(枯萎的)flower lying in his hands.Seeing this,I felt even more de-pressed(沮丧的).I wanted him to go away,so I smiled to him and then turned my back.However,instead of 4 away,the boy sat next to me.“It smells good and its beautiful,too!Thats 5 I picked it up,”h

22、e said.“Here,its for you.”I knew I had to take it,or he might never leave.So I reached for the flower and said,“Thank you!”I waited,but the boy didnt 6 the flower in my hand.He just held the flower and didnt move.It was not until then that I no-ticed the boy could see 7 .I took the flower with tears

23、 and said,“Thanks a lot!You have picked up the best one.”“My pleasure,”the boy replied 8 ,and then ran away.The boy couldnt see,9 in his imagina-tion(想象),the world was beautiful.I saw a withered flower,while he“saw”a beautiful flower.I held the flower up 10 my nose and took a deep breath.I smelt the

24、 fragrance(香味)of it.It was indeed(的确)the most beautiful flower.答案语篇解读故事中的小男孩是个盲人,但是却有着一颗真善美的心,这给了心情糟糕的作者极大的鼓舞。1.B上文说有一段困难时光,下文说没有人能让我开心,所以此处是感到难过。2.F下文说作者坐在了空凳子上,结合选项可知作者走进了公园。3.D设空处引导宾语从句且在从句中作found的宾语,结合选项只有what符合题意。4.J根据下文小男孩坐在我旁边可知他没走开。walk away 走开。5.I此处需要用连接词引导从句,且该连接词在从句中作状语,结合句意排除how,故选why。6.

25、L下文说小男孩只拿着花并没有动,所以此处是小男孩并没有把花放在我的手里。7.G直到那时我才注意到小男孩看不见东西。nothing没有东西。8.A此处需用副词来修饰replied,结合句意应该用happily。9.E根据语境可知,此处应该使用表示转折关系的并列连词。10.H我把花举到了鼻子处深吸了一口气。此处用to表示方向。五、(2018江西,B)请先阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。每个词限用一次。knowlifedifferentbackandinterestingsignrealfindtheyThe planet Mars is the closest and

26、most similar planet to Earth.It is very1 to scientists.For ex-ample,Mars has seasons with2 weather,but other planets have the same temperatures all year round.Was there3 on Mars?To find out,scientists need 4 if Mars ever had water.In 2004,two robot explorers(探测器),orrovers,called Spirit and Opportuni

27、ty were sent to look for5 of water.These rovers can drive over rocks6 all kinds of rough ground.They can also use cameras and send photos7 to Earth.First,the two rovers found chemicals and patterns(图纹)in the rocks that were probably made by water.Then,they moved to another area and8 other rocks whic

28、h may have been cre-ated by water.Now scientists think there was probably water on the planet long ago.Today9 are still not sure if there was life on Mars.They10 need more information to decide.The dis-coveries of the two rovers answered some old questions,but they also brought up many new ones.答案语篇

29、解读本文为说明文,介绍火星的情况以及人类对于火星的探测。1.interesting下文讲到科学家一直在探索火星,所以科学家对火星很感兴趣,故填interesting。2.different根据后文but other planets have the same temperatures可知,设空处要填与the same意思相反的词。3.life根据下文可知,科学家发射漫游者“勇气号”和“机遇号”就是为了探寻火星上是否有生命存在的迹象,故填life(生命)。4.to know要想知道是否有生命,首先要知道是否有水。此处用need to do sth.的结构,故填to know。5.signs寻找水

30、存在的迹象。sign迹象,可数名词,故加-s。6.and此处rocks(岩石)和all kinds of rough ground(各种崎岖的地面)是并列成分,故用and。7.back短语send sth.back to 把送回到。拍到的照片当然要发送回地球供科学家研究。8.found这句话是承接上一句话,都表示发现的结果。前句有found,本句也用found。9.they今天科学家还是不确定火星上是否有生命。用they代替scientists。10.really句意:他们真的需要更多的信息来做出决定。really真正地。因为目前证据不足,所以非常需要更多的证据。六、(2018江苏南京)请根据

31、短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词。As youve just found out,opening a book doesnt require much effort.However,even that would be i1 if you spent the night on the streets.After lying for hours on cold ground,with only a thin sleeping bag to protect you from rain or ice,your fingers would probably be so numb(麻木的)that y

32、ou could hardly m2 them.Youd most likely spend the day trying to find something to eat and somewhere to shelter from the freezing cold.You might be surprised to hear that the number of people sleeping rough(露宿)in London has dou-bled in the last five years and has i3 by 30%across the rest of the coun

33、try during the last two years.Once we bring a homeless person out of the freezing cold,we need your help to give him a w4 welcome at St Mungos very much.Will you please give a Christmas gift of 25,which could p5 a homeless person with a St Mungos welcome pack?It could have a towel,shampoo and soap(肥

34、皂),so a homeless person can have a hot s6 and a proper clean-up.The difference you could make wont end there.You see,welcoming someone into warmth and safety is just the b7 .You really could enable someone to change their life for good.For Harvey,it was losing his job that led to him becoming homele

35、ss.Since Harvey was welcomed into St Mungos,he has received t8 for his health and so much more.After he took courses in useful life skills,he recently moved into his own flat.With your gift,you could help us offer a warm welcome to someone l9 Harvey whos come in from the freezing streets.Im sure you

36、ll a10 that thats a wonderful present to give at Christmas.I hope you will send 25,or as much as you can,today.1.i 2.m 3.i 4.w 5.p 6.s 7.b 8.t 9.l 10.a 答案语篇解读本文是一份倡议,文章呼吁人们为无家可归、露宿街头的人提供一份圣诞节礼物。礼物内容是将露宿街头的人从寒冷中解救出来并为他们提供可用于洗一次热水澡的礼包等。1.impossible虽然你知道打开一本书不需要很费力,然而,如果你在大街上过夜,那将是不可能的。根据However及首字母可知,

37、填impossible。2.move在冰冷的地面上躺几个小时,你的手指将可能会麻木得几乎不能动。根据首字母和句意填move。情态动词后用动词原形。3.increased 听到这些你可能会吃惊,在刚刚过去的五年中伦敦露宿街头的人口数量已经翻倍,而近两年,国内其他地方的数量增加了30%。根据句意及首字母,填increased。注意要用过去分词和has构成现在完成时。4.warm一旦我们将一个无家可归的人带出严寒,我们需要你的帮助,在St Mungos给他一个非常温暖的欢迎。根据语境及最后一段第一句中.offer a warm welcome to.可知填warm。5.provide你能否给一个25

38、英镑的圣诞节礼物?这个礼物可以为一个无家可归的人提供一个St Mungos的欢迎礼包。此处为provide sb.with sth.结构。情态动词后用动词原形。6.shower这个礼包将包括一块毛巾、洗发水和肥皂。这样,一个无家可归的人就能洗一个热水澡并做一些适当的清洁。根据包裹里的物品及首字母可知,这些都是洗澡用品,故填shower。7.beginning你明白的,把一个人带入温暖和安全只是一个开始,你是完全有能力使他们的生活变好的。根据后句及首字母填入beginning。8.treatment接着,倡议者举Harvey的例子来佐证。Harvey失业后就无家可归,来到St Mungos 后他

39、已经接受了健康治疗等。根据句意及首字母填treatment。9.like用你的礼物,你能够帮助我们为像Harvey一样来自冰冷大街的人提供一个温暖的欢迎。此处like为介词。10.agree/accept我确信,你会认同那是一个绝妙的圣诞节礼物。倡议者希望公众认同他的建议。故填agree或accept。长难句With your gift,you could help us offer a warm welcome to someone like Harvey whos come in from the freezing streets.你可以用你的礼物帮助我们为像Harvey一样来自冰冷大街的

40、人提供一个温暖的欢迎。本句是主从复合句。With your gift为方式状语,like Harvey介词短语和定语从句whos come in from the freezing streets一起作后置定语修饰someone。重点词汇provide sb.with sth.为某人提供某物;make a difference有影响,起(重要)作用;take courses in修课程词汇积累shelter from sth.躲避(风雨或危险);freezing adj.极冷的,冰冻的,冰点以下的七、(2018江苏苏州)根据下列句子及所给汉语注释或通过上下文,写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每空只

41、写一词。1.Come on!Suzhou Museum is only a few (步)further.2.How (幸运的)they are to have such a good teacher!3.Mr Sigmund Friend is used to (处理)with all kinds of problems.4.Confidence is an important (条件)if you want to achieve success.5.A long time ago it was (广泛地)believed that there was life on Mars.6.With

42、 all her efforts,the children finally (接受)her as one of the family.7.When talking to British people,we should (避免)subjects like age,weight or money.8.Can we put another bed in this room?Sure.It is big for a third one.9.Is this your English book?No,it isnt.is in my schoolbag.10.Keep your hair away fr

43、om fire,Lucy.I see,Mum.Hair fire easily.答案1.steps考查名词。a few后要用可数名词复数形式。2.lucky考查形容词拼写。lucky“幸运的”。3.dealing考查固定短语。be used to doing习惯做;deal with处理。4.condition考查名词。由上文的不定冠词an可知,应用名词的单数形式。5.widely此处需用副词修饰动词。6.accepted根据句意可知,事情已经发生,应用一般过去时。7.avoid情态动词后用动词原形。8.enough根据Sure可知,房间足够大。9.Mine考查名词性物主代词。用mine等同于

44、my English book。注意首字母大写。10.catches此处表示头发的性质,容易烧着,用动词的主动形式,catch fire着火。主语Hair为不可数名词,谓语动词应用第三人称单数catches。八、(2018天津)根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。How do we know the time?A clock,a watch or a cell phone can help us.However,many years a-go there were no clocks and knowing the time was not so easy.O

45、ver the centuries,people have de-veloped different w1 of telling the time.About 5,500 years ago,the Egyptians i2 the sun clock.This was a tall stone structure.Its shadow(影子)showed the movement of the s3 .They were able to determine(测定)midday.About 3,500 years ago,the Egyptians made a sundial.It was

46、smaller than the sun clock and could measure(测量)the time for half a day.On c4 days or at night it was impossible to tell the time with a sun clock or a sundial.Water clocks were the f5 clocks not to use the sun.The idea is simple.Water flows(流动)from one container(容器)to another.When the water reaches

47、 a certain l6 ,it moves a lever(控制杆)and this shows the hours.The Egyptians used water clocks about 3,400 years ago.These clocks were popular in the Middle East and China but they f7 to keep accurate(精确的)time.In the 13th century,the mechanical clock was invented.This was more accurate,b8 was ex-pensi

48、ve to make.Over the next few centuries it was developed.For example,springs(发条)were added around 1500.This i9 accuracy and allowed clocks to be smaller.In 1927,the first quartz clock was developed.Clocks became cheaper to build and own.People began depending on them more and more to run businesses,m

49、arkets and so on.More recently,in 1956,came the digital clock.And nowadays satellites(人造卫星)send our cell phones the time to the exact second.There has been a lot of progress in timekeeping but some things never c10 .Many of us still have trouble getting out of bed on time and not missing ap-pointmen

50、ts.答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,介绍了从古至今钟表的演变发展,包括古代的太阳钟、日晷、滴漏、机械钟表、石英钟、数码钟表及手机。1.ways句意:几个世纪以来,人们已经发展了断定时间的不同方法。此句是第一段的中心句,引起下文,通过下文每一段介绍一个钟表类型、记录时间的方法可知是ways。2.invented句意:大概5,500年前,埃及人发明了太阳钟。根据上文语境可知答案。3.sun句意:它的影子展示了太阳的移动。根据本段中提到的sun clock可知此处指“太阳的移动”。4.cloudy句意:在阴天或夜晚时,用太阳钟或日晷辨别时间是不可能的。根据at night猜测是不见阳光的时候,根据首