（2010-2019）十年高考英语真题分类汇编专题23 阅读七选五 （解析版）.doc

1、 十年高考真题分类汇编（十年高考真题分类汇编（2010-2019） 英语英语 专题专题 23 阅读七选五阅读七选五 (2015北京) This Way to Dreamland Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of whats happening around them. They

2、 can seem forgetful and clumsy._71_They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things. But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. _72_ Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and i

3、nventions? So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool? First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams._73_ And if you want to i

4、mprove your chances of having a creative idea while youre daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another taskpreferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings. Its also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you real

5、ly need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep._74_ Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away._75_ Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clou

6、ds. A. Having interesting things to think about also helps. B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves. C. Without wandering minds, we wouldnt have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes. D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses. E. It involves slow, stead

7、y breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive. F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand. G. Therefore, its a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when youre in the daydream zone. 【解析】试题分析:文章说明了

8、“白日做梦”现象事实上有很有助于创造性思维的开 发。 71.第一段说的是大众印象中的白日做梦有哪些弊端， 选项在文章前后句中起到段内 逻辑连接的作用。故选 B。 72.本段话峰一转说到了白日做梦其实有着很多的好处。选项前后依然是顺承关系， 故选 C。 73.本选项中的 it 指代前句的动名词短语 feeling safe and relaxed,解题线索明显。 故选 E。 74.本段主要讲如何避免不合时宜的白日做梦，且选项中有 also 为提示词。故选 A。 75.本选项中有逻辑词 therefore, 可为做题线索之- - ;前句讲好的想法随时会出现， 所 以选带个本子随时记，合情合理。故选

9、 G。 (2015陕西) 根据短文内容，从下框的 AF 选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项，并在答题 卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。 A. The mistaken belief B. The need for tolerance C. Unpunctuality at dinners D. Punctuality and confidence E. Self-discipline and punctuality F. Avoid anxiety by being punctual 61. A There is the belief that, if you arrive at a

10、n appointment late, you will be considered important. This is a mistaken view. Being unpunctual, we are not respectful of others ; we are interfering (扰乱)with another mans time. We must realise that keeping appointments or being punctual is a contract that is silently agreed and we are expected to r

11、espect this contract. It is only natural that we lose faith, trust and confidence in a person who is tardy(延迟的). 62. E To be punctual one has to have self-discipline(自律), and the lack of it affects others. A school boy or girl is unpunctual because he or she does not have the necessary human virtue

12、of self-discipline. It is also a mark of disrespect for a system or an institution. Unpunctual people seldom realise that their habit cause problems to others. A salesman who is not punctual may not make a sale if he arrives late for an appointment. If one is late for a job interview, it is not like

13、ly that he will get the job. 63. F Being punctual, we can avoid anxiety. Imagine the anxiety if you do not want to be considered unpunctual. You will be anxious if you set out for a dinner late. The person who sets out late might be careless in driving. He will ignore traffic rules. A traffic jam, f

14、lat tyres, etc. can delay him further. Happy and calm is the man who takes all these possibilities into consideration and arrives at the appointment either early or on time. 64. C Many of those who attend dinners are notorious (声名狼藉的)for unpunctuality. They ignore the appointed time and leave their

15、homes only after the fixed time. They are indifferent to the inconvenience caused to others. If the self-centred guest arrives late, the nine others at the table set for ten will have to wait. The host is put in an unpleasant situation and this man seldom thinks of the inconvenience caused to all -t

16、he waiters, the management staff, etc. It is necessary for us to think of others and be considerate to them. 65 B However, we cannot always be intolerant (无法容忍的) of tardiness, for ordinary living requires some tolerance. There can be a busy executive who fights to keep to his schedule. Such a person

17、 may be forgiven if he is late, but not those who are deliberately late to create impression. In modern society, punctuality is a necessary virtue. It is a recognition of the importance of other people. 【解析】 试题分析：文章介绍的是人际交往中守时和自律的重要性，并介绍如何做到守时和 自律。 61.考查段落大意：根据这段的句子： There is the belief that, if you

18、 arrive at an appointment late, you will be considered important. This is a mistaken view.可知这段的 大意是：错误的观念，所以选 A. 62.考查段落大意： 根据这段的句子： To be punctual one has to have self-discipline(自 律), and the lack of it affects others.可知这段的大意是：自律和守时，所以选 E。 63.考查段落大意：根据这段的句子： Being punctual, we can avoid anxiety. I

19、magine the anxiety if you do not want to be considered unpunctual.可知这段的大意是：避免守 时造成的焦虑，所以选 F。 64.考查段落大意：根据这段的句子： Many of those who attend dinners are notorious (声名狼藉的)for unpunctuality.可知这段的大意是：就餐时不守时，所以选 C。 65.考查段落大意：根据这段的句子： However, we cannot always be intolerant (无法 容忍的) of tardiness, for ordinar

20、y living requires some tolerance.可知这段的大意是：需 要容忍，所以选 B。 (2015新课标全国 II)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳 选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs. 36 , buy the best-fitting running shoes you can find. No one can say which bra

21、nd will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit. 37 . As always, you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before eac

22、h run to prevent injuries. During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day. 38 , it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run. 39 . After two weeks, start timing yourself. 40 . Depending on t

23、he kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race. A. After six days B. For a good marathon runner C. Before you begin your training D. With each day, increase the distance by a half mile E. If they still feel good, you can begin running in them F.

24、 Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training G. Now you are ready out a goal of improving distance and time 【解析】 试题分析：本文是以如何锻炼马拉松为话题，提到从长期的角度说应该做到精心准 备，循序渐进。这样才能达到锻炼的目的。 36. C 考查对上下文的理解。上文提到跑马拉松，下文说买一双合脚的鞋子。所以 这里应该是 Before you begin your training 训练前的准备工作。故选 C。 37. E 考查对上下文的理解。上文提到：穿着鞋

25、走走路以确保合适，下文提到跑。所 以这里应该说 If they still feel good, you can begin running in them 如果穿着的感觉很 好，就可以跑了。故选 E。 38. A 考查对上下文的理解。上文提到练习的第一周怎么做，下文提到第二周，所 以这里应该是 After six days，练习一周后稍做休息，一周是 6 天，故选 A。 39. D 考查对上下文的理解。这里在讨论逐渐加长跑步的距离，每天增加一定的距 离才合理，故选 D With each day, increase the distance by a half mile。 40. G 考查对

26、上下文的理解。最后是提速。在规定的距离内如何训练自己跑得快。 这样才能参加比赛。故选 G Now you are ready out a goal of improving distance and time。 (2015新课标全国 I)根据短文内容， 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选 项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Building Trust in a Relationship Again Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences, 36 .Trust is a risk. But you cant

27、be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake. Unfortunately, weve all been victims of betrayal. Whether weve been stolen from, lied to , misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losi

28、ng trust. Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore, 37. Its understandable, but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there. 38 having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome wo

29、uld be for your well-being. 39 If youve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But theres a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, well have our trust tested or violated. You didnt lose “everything”. Once trust is l

30、ost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 40 instead, its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness. A. Learn to really trus

31、t yourself. B. It is putting confidence in someone. C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim. D. Remember that you can expect the best in return. E. Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again. F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationship

32、s. G. Seeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened. 【解析】 试题分析：文章主要讲述了人们一旦失去了信任，如何再次建立信任。 36. B 根据前一句 Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences 信任是 我们从以往经历中获得的学习行为。 选项 B 中的 it 代指上文刚出现的 trust。 故选 B。 37. E 根据前句 Sometimes people simply cant trust anymo

33、re.可知他们受到严重的伤 害且不能忍受再次发生。可知选 E。 38. A 根据后句 having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.可知此段主要讲述要 学会信任自己。可知选 A。 39. C 根据后句 If youve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance.可知此 段主要讲述不要认为自己是受害者。故选

34、C。 40. G 根据前一句 Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life和后一句instead, its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.可知既要看到事情的积极面，也不要忽视所发生的事情。故选 G

35、。 (2016全国新课标 I) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项 中有两项为多余选项。 Secret codes (密码)keep messages private。Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer. People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking neve

36、r lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography. There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” Spell out the hidden message “Meet me.” 38 You might represent each letter w

37、ith a number, For example, Lets number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 20 13 5.” A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a cod

38、e book. 39 For example “bridge“ might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.”40 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently. A.It is very hard to break a code without the code book.

39、 B.In any language, some letters are used more than others. C.Only people who know the keyword can read the message. D.As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them. E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. F.With a code book, you might writ

40、e down words that would stand for other words. G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. 36.D 考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。后句内容可以判断该空应该和密码的破译有关，故判断 D 项内容 As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.符合语境逻辑， 可以承 接上下文。 37.E 考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。后

41、面举的例子是来证明人们设置密码时往往会利用一些 单词的第一个字母来作为密码，由此判断 E 选项内容符合语境逻辑。 40.A考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。 根据空后内容的转折可知尽管利用密码书可以破译密码， 但 是 一 本 密 码 书 也 不 会 使 用 很 久 的 时 间 ， 故 判 断A选 项 It is very hard to break a code without the code book.符合语境。 (2016全国新课标 II) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项 中有两项为多余选项。 A garden thats just right for you

42、 Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和) of its parts? 16 . But it doesnt happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and h

43、ow you approach the gardening process. _17 Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料). 18 . However, there are a number of other reasons that m

44、ight explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years. Recall(回忆)your childhood memories Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandmas rose garden and Dads vegetable garden might be good or bad, but thats not whats important. 19 -how being in th

45、ose gardens made us feel. If youd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 20 then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun. A. Know why you garden B. Find a good plac

46、e for your own garden C. Its our experience of the garden that matters D. Its delightful to see so many beautiful flowers E. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants F. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too G. For each of those gardens, writer d

47、own the strongest memory you have 【解析】试题分析:本文属于说明文，美丽的花园能给我们带来美好的视觉享受，文章中给出了 两个自己建设花园的的具体建议。 16F 根据前两句提出:你是否参观过那些让你感觉非常好的花园?你也可以自己搞一一个属于你 自己的花园。故 F 项“你也可以把你自己的花园搞得那么美好”符合上下文串联。 17.A 根据本段前两句 “Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, paterns and massesof color. Others are c

48、oncerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer frtilizers(肥料)”可知不同人对花园有不同的看法，再倒数第二句“然而,有很多能够解 释你为什么想做园艺的原因”可知我们首先要搞清楚为什么要做园艺。故 A 项正确。 18E 本段前两句提出有些人认为花园只是一些花花草草，有些人关心少用水少用废料。本句仍 然在说明人们对园艺的不同看法。故 E 项“还有其他人只是喜欢在户外接触植物”与上下文- 致，也是人们对于园艺的观点。 19.C 根据前句“_那些都不重要”可知划线句强调的是在园艺中对我们来说真

49、正重要的是什么。 故 C 项“重要的是我们搞园艺的经历”符合上下文串联。 20.G 本部分介绍如果我们自己建一个花园，要回忆一下年轻的时候所看到的那些花园，并把这 些花园的优点写下来，然后制定计划并把自己的计划变成美丽的花园。故 G 项与上下文一致。 (2016全国新课标 III) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选 项中有两项为多余选项。 Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 16 But it seems that many people dont cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isnt difficult. 17 This text is about