IVUS-血管内超声基础和临床课件.ppt
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- IVUS 血管 超声 基础 临床 课件
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1、The CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New York血管内超声基础和临床应用进展血管内超声基础和临床应用进展IVUS 培训 The CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New YorkIVUS 培训 The CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New
2、 York血管内超声基础和进展血管内超声基础和进展一、一、血管内超声基础二、血管内超声和冠脉造影的关系二、血管内超声和冠脉造影的关系三、主要适应症三、主要适应症四、什么是四、什么是VHIVUS 培训 Rotating ElementDrive ShaftMulti-element ArrayThe CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New YorkThere are two types of imaging systems:Mechanical(rotating transduc
3、er)and Electronic ArrayIVUS 培训 The CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New YorkIVUS 培训 ALThe CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New YorkIVUS 培训 Low dynamic rangeHigh dynamic rangeThe CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox
4、 Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New YorkIVUS 培训 Intimal disease(plaque)is dense and will appear whiteMedia is made of homogeneous smooth muscle cells and does not reflect ultrasound(appears dark)Adventitia has sheets of collagen that reflect a lot of ultrasound(appears white)The CardiovascularR
5、esearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New YorkIVUS 培训 The CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New YorkIVUS 培训 The CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New YorkCalciumBright echoes(brighter than the adv
6、entitia)Obstructs the penetration of ultrasound(acoustic shadowing)only the leading edge is detected and thickness cannot be determined.Results in reverberations-the oscillation of ultrasound between transducer and calcium causing repeating arcsIVUS 培训 The CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill
7、 Heart and VascularInstitute of New YorkIVUS 培训 The CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New YorkFibrotic PlaqueAs bright or brighter than the adventitia(hyperechoic)Majority of atherosclerotic lesions are fibroticVery dense,fibrous plaques may cause so much aco
8、ustic shadowing that they could be misclassified as calcifiedIVUS 培训 The CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New YorkSoft PlaqueNot as bright as the adventitia(hypoechoic)“Soft”refers to the low echogenicity,generally due to high lipid content in a mostly cellu
9、lar lesion.Reduced echodensity may also be due to:necrotic zone within plaqueintramural hemorrhagethrombusIVUS 培训 The CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New YorkVulnerable PlaqueIVUS 培训 The CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitut
10、e of New YorkMixed PlaqueIVUS 培训 The CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New YorkExample of ThrombusIVUS 培训 The CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New YorkExamples of ThrombusIVUS 培训 The CardiovascularResearch FoundationL
11、enox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New YorkBasic Measurements(I)External elastic membrane(EEM)cross sectional area(CSA)=total arterial CSA =media areatracing the boundary between the dark media and thebright adventitia(i.e.,the apparent outer edge of the media stripe)Lumen CSAMax and min lumen
12、 diametersStent CSA Max and min stent diametersPlaque+media(P+M)CSA=EEM-Lumen CSA in non-stented lesions=EEM-stent CSA in stented lesionsIntimal hyperplasia CSA=Stent-Lumen CSAIVUS 培训 The CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New YorkBasic Measurements(II)Eccentr
13、icity=maximum/minimum P+M thicknessPlaque Burden(=cross-sectional narrowing or%plaque area)=P+M/EEM CSARemodeling Index=Lesion/Reference EEM CSAArea Stenosis=(Reference-Lesion)/Reference Lumen CSAArc of calciumLesion lengths measured using motorized transducer pullback,ideally at 0.5 mm/secIVUS 培训 T
14、he CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New YorkNon-stented arteryEEMGuidewiresIVUS catheterPlaque+mediaLumenIVUS 培训 The CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New YorkStented ArteryEEMLumenStentGuidewireIVUS catheterPlaque+me
15、diaIntimal hyperplasiaIVUS 培训 The CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New YorkIVUS 培训 The CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New YorkIVUS 培训 The CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of N
16、ew YorkIn-Stent RestenosisIVUS 培训 The CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New York血管内超声基础和进展血管内超声基础和进展一、血管内超声基础一、血管内超声基础二、二、血管内超声和冠脉造影的关系三、主要适应症三、主要适应症四、什么是四、什么是VHIVUS 培训 The CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New YorkLim
17、itations of Coronary AngiographyFocal Disease50%Lesion50%LesionDiffuse DiseaseAngiogram SilhouetteIVUS 培训 The CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New YorkAngiographically Silent DiseaseIVUS 培训 The CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularIn
18、stitute of New YorkCoronary Remodeling HypothesisCompenatory ExpansionMaintains Consistant LumenExpansionOvercome:Lumen NarrowsNormal VesselMinimal CADModerate CADSevere CADIVUS 培训 The CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New YorkDicotomous Classification of Rem
19、odelingIVUS 培训 ABDEffCFdistalLumenebebLumenccdistalIVUS 培训 The CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and VascularInstitute of New YorkLimitations of Coronary AngiographyAngiogram SilhouetteCoronary Cross-section75%25%IVUS 培训 The CardiovascularResearch FoundationLenox Hill Heart and Vascu
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