宾语从句课件.pptx

1、宾 语 从 句 The Object ClauseThe Object Clause1.I like apples.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语简单句简单句主语主语谓语谓语宾宾 语语 从从 句句连词连词 从句主语从句主语 从句谓语从句谓语 主主 句句复合句复合句2.I know who you are.I love my mother.（名词作宾语（名词作宾语)I enjoy playing volleyball.(动名词作宾语）动名词作宾语）I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语）（不定式作宾语）I know him.（代词作宾语）（代词作宾语）宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动

2、作的承受者宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语由宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语短语来来担任。担任。宾宾 语语 从从 句句概念概念：当一当一 个句子充当宾语时个句子充当宾语时,就就把这个句子叫做宾语从句。把这个句子叫做宾语从句。句子句子的宾语的宾语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式充当。一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式充当。宾语从句当宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。中的从句在全句中作宾语。Tom knows whose book it is.主语主语谓语谓语宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句的句子结构：宾语从句的句子结构：主句主句+连接词

3、（引导词）连接词（引导词）+宾语从句宾语从句宾语宾语从句三从句三要素：要素：1 1、引导、引导词（连接词词（连接词）2 2、语、语 序序3 3、时、时 态态由从属连词由从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句由疑问代词由疑问代词 who,whom,whose,which,what who,whom,whose,which,what 或疑问副词或疑问副词 where,how,why,whenwhere,how,why,when引导的引导的宾语宾语从句从句由从属连词由从属连词 whether,if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句一、引导词1 12 23 3 He said,“life is

4、better than before”.Tom says,“Bob is a good boy”.He said(that)life was better than before.Tom says(that)Bob is a good boy.1 1、由、由从属连词从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句that 引导的从句，引导的从句，表示陈述一件事实，主句谓语动词表示表示陈述一件事实，主句谓语动词表示确定，不疑问；确定，不疑问；that在句中无任何意义，不充当句子成分，在句中无任何意义，不充当句子成分，常省略。常省略。if/whether“是否是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚

5、。常，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在用在ask,wonder,can(could)you tell me 表示疑问不确定意义表示疑问不确定意义的词之的词之后；从句句意完整，不缺成分。后；从句句意完整，不缺成分。2 2、由、由从属连词从属连词 whether,if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句1.She asked,“Do they often come here early?”2.“Will they go to visit the Great Wall?”he asked.She asked if/whether they often came here early.He asked

6、 if/whether they would go to visit the Great Wall.1、当句末为、当句末为or not时，引导词只能用时，引导词只能用whether而不能用而不能用if.2、在、在to do不定式前，不定式前，引导词只能用引导词只能用whether而不能用而不能用if.3、介词后只能用介词后只能用whether.4、作主语只能用、作主语只能用whether.主句谓语动词，表示疑问不确定含义，要用疑问代词或疑问副词主句谓语动词，表示疑问不确定含义，要用疑问代词或疑问副词引导宾语从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不引导宾语从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具

7、有一定的意义，不可以省略可以省略。3 3、由、由疑问代词疑问代词 who,whom,whose,which,whatwho,whom,whose,which,what 或或疑问疑问副副词词 where,how,why,whenwhere,how,why,when引导的宾语引导的宾语从句从句*Do you know whose dictionary it is?（谁的，作定语）*Could you tell me why you are late?（为什么，作状语）*He asked who could give him a hand.（谁，作主语）Helen says that she wil

8、l learn French next year.Do you know where he is from?二二.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈陈述句语序述句语序，即是，即是“主语在前，谓语在后主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。的顺序。注意注意：助动词不能放在主语前面。：助动词不能放在主语前面。Whats wrong?Whats the matter?Whats happening?Who is over there？注：当从句的原句为以下注：当从句的原句为以下句子以及句子以及what,who作主语时作主语时，语

9、序语序不变不变：eg:I dont know whats the matter?Can you tell me who is over there?Can you tell me who he is?做主语做主语做宾语做宾语vI know he lives here .vI know he lived here ten years ago.vI have heard that he will come tomorrow.1.当当主句主句是是现在时现在时或将来时或将来时，宾语从句的时态可，宾语从句的时态可用用任何时态任何时态，不作限制。根据句子的需要使用，不作限制。根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态

10、。任何一种时态。（需要性原则）（需要性原则）2.2.如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时），从句的时），从句的时态时态必须必须要要用相对应的过去的某种用相对应的过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时过去完成时）。）。（呼应性原则）（呼应性原则）vI knew who lived there.vI saw she was talking with her mother.vHe asked whether his father would come back the next day

11、.vHe said that he had seen the movie.3.当宾语从句当宾语从句说明的说明的是一般是一般真理、客观事实、真理、客观事实、自然现象自然现象时时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍用一般现在用一般现在时态。时态。（特殊性原则）（特殊性原则）He told the boy that one and one is two.He told me the earth moves around the sun.是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。根据实际情况用不同时态。Cou

12、ld you please tell me where we show our tickets?Would you like to know when he will come back?宾语从句的主从时态呼应问题宾语从句的主从时态呼应问题 主 句 +从 句现在时态从句根据实际需要选用任何时态从句根据实际需要选用任何时态一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去进行时过去时态从句只能用过去时的范畴从句只能用过去时的范畴一般过去时过去进行时过去将来时过去完成时注：注：如果从句表达客观规律，客观事实，名言，警句，谚语的话，不管主句是啥时态，从句必须用一般现在时表达。

13、（中考常考知识点）（中考常考知识点）1.Where do they stop on the way?I asked.2.What will you speak at the meeting?Could you tell me?3.Do they like to make friends with us?He asked.4.“Is he doing his homework?”Jim asked.I asked where they stopped on the way.Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting?He asked

14、if they liked to make friends with you.Jim asked if he was doing his homework.将下列句子合并为一句将下列句子合并为一句:Practice1.He asked _.(谁能回答这个问题）2.Do you know_.（他们在等谁）3.He asked _.（谁的书法是班上最好的）完成句子完成句子who could answer the questionwhom they are waiting forwhose handwriting was the best in the class()1.I wonder at 8:

15、00 last night?I was watching NBA.A.what were you doing B.what did you do C.what you were doing D.what are you doing ()2.I dont remember the book yesterday.A.where I put B.where did I put C.where will I put D.where I will put ()3.I dont know .Because he has to look after his mother.A.why he is leavin

16、g B.why is he leaving C.whether he is leaving D.whether is he leavingCAA()4.Can you tell me?A.how much is the red sweater B.how much the red sweater is C.whats the price of the red sweater D.how many the red sweater is ()5.Excuse me,could you tell?Yes.Go along this street and you will find it on your left.A.where is the museum B.which is the way to the museum C.how far is the museum D.how can I get to the museum ()6.Could you tell me?At nine oclock,in ten minutes.A.how will he leave B.when he has left C.why he is leaving D.when he will leave BBDReview all the points about object clause.