大学英语课件milton.ppt
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1、 A puritan writer with revolution enthusiasm (16081674)Paradise or the Garden of EdenBeautiful landscape Fertility of land Eternal springParadise:associated with childhood,Eden,innocence Lost:driven out the Eden of Garden What does it mean to be fallen:Pain,sin,sex/love,Milton asserts that this orig
2、inal sin brought death to human beings for the first time,causing us to lose our home in paradise until Jesus comes to restore humankind to its former position of purity.Fall of Adam and Eve:part of“Last Judgment”by Michelangelo on the altar wall of the Sistine Chapel.Adam and Eve are full of shame
3、and fear.The cherub in red points a sword to send Adam and Eve out of Eden.威廉布雷克为失乐园绘制的插图 Information about Paradise Lost Milton based on Paradise lost on the Book of Genesis and imitated the epics of Homer and VirgilLiterary source from Bible The temptation by Satan humankinds first act of disobedi
4、ence toward God the consequences that followed from disobedience,the fall of man,or the original sin,causing the lose of the paradise.Jesus comes to restore humankind to its former position of purity.The imitation of epic style Milton invokes his muse,which is actually the Holy Spirit rather than on
5、e of the nine muses.An invocation of the muse at the beginning of an epic is conventional,so Milton is acknowledging his awareness of Homer,Virgil,and later poets,and signaling that he has mastered their format and wants to be part of their tradition.But by identifying his muse as the divine spirit
6、that inspired the Bible and created the world,he shows that his ambitions go far beyond joining the group of Homer and Virgil.while Homer and Virgil only chronicled the journey of heroic men,like Achilles or Aeneas,Milton chronicles the tragic journey of all menthe result of humankinds disobedience.
7、Homer and Virgil describe great wars between men,but Milton tells the story of the battle between God and Satan,good and evil.Who is Satan?Old Testament Reference to Lucifer New Testament References to SatanOld Testament Reference to Lucifer Falling From Heaven In the King James version of the Old T
8、estament,there is only one reference to a being falling from heaven:“Hell from beneath is moved for thee to meet thee at thy comingHow art thou fallen from heaven,O Luciferthou shalt be brought down to hell,to the sides of the pit.”(Isaiah 14:9-16 KJV)Lucifer Means Light-bringerNew Testament Referen
9、ces to Satan Falling From Heaven Just like Lucifer in Isaiah,Satan fell from heaven:And there was war in heavenSatan was cast out (Revelation 12:7-9)Satan Goes to HellJust like Lucifer in Isaiah,Satan goes to hell:Satan was cast out into the earth (Revelation 12:9)Satan Radiates Light in His Fall fr
10、om Heaven Jesus associating a great light with the fall of Satan from heaven:I beheld Satan as lightning fall from heaven (Luke 10:18)Thus,the name Satan is just another name for the being called Lucifer in the King James Bible,and so it was Lucifer who was thrown from heaven in Revelation.What did
11、Satan do?Why?Satan defies Gods authority,denying his fate,the hierarchyA Representation of Miltons Vertical Cosmos The layout of universe with Heaven above,Hell below,and Earth in the middle presents the universe as a hierarchy based on proximity to God and his grace.This spatial hierarchy leads to
12、a social hierarchy of angels,humans,animals,and devils:the Son is closest to God,with the archangels and cherubs behind him.Adam and Eve and Earths animals come next,with Satan and the other fallen angels following last.To obey God is to respect this hierarchy.Satan refuses to honor the Son as his s
13、uperior,thereby questioning Gods hierarchy.Thus comes the first sin of the Seven Deadly Sins,Pride,Satans pride to disobey the Gods supremacy.饕餮(Gluttony)、贪婪(Greed)、懒惰(Sloth)、淫欲(Lust)、嫉妒(Envy)、暴怒(Wrath)、傲慢(Pride)For Satans disobedience,he was cast down into the bottom of the Hell as the punishment.A
14、dam and Eve understand their disobedience and decide to repent for their sins and seek forgiveness.Did Satan repent for his disobedience?His decision to continue to disobey God after Fall into Hell ensures that God will not forgive him.Satan lies stunned beside his second-in-command,Beelzebub,in a l
15、ake of fire that gives off darkness instead of light.Breaking the awful silence,Satan bemoans their terrible position,but does not repent of his rebellion against God,suggesting that they might gather their forces for another attack.What though the field be lost?105 All is not lost;the unconquerable
16、 Will,And study of revenge,immortal hate,And courage never to submit or yield:And what is else not to be overcome?我们损失了什么了 并非什么都丢光:不饶的意志,热切的复仇心,不灭的憎恨,以及永不屈服,永不退让的勇气 还有什么比这些更难战胜的呢?That Glory never shall his wrath or might 110 Extort from me.To bow and sue for graceWith suppliant knee,and deifie his p
17、ower,Who from the terrour of this Arm so lateDoubted his Empire,that were low indeed,That were an ignominy and shame beneath 115 This downfall;他的暴怒也罢,威力也罢,决不能夺去我这份光荣.经过这一次战争的惨烈 好容易才使他的政权动摇,这时还要弯腰屈膝,向他 哀求怜悯,拜倒在他的权利之下,那才是真正卑鄙,可耻,比这次的沉沦还要卑贱.since by Fate the strength of GodsAnd this Empyreal substance
18、cannot fail,Since through experience of this great eventIn Arms not worse,in foresight much advanct,We may with more successful hope resolve 120 To wage by force or guile eternal WarrIrreconcilable,to our grand Foe,Who now triumphs,and in th excess of joySole reigning holds the Tyranny of Heavn.因为我们
19、的生而具有神力,秉有轻清的灵质,不能朽坏,又因这次大事件的经验,我们要准备更好的武器,更远的预见,更有成功的希望,用暴力或智力向我们的大敌,挑起不可调解的持久战争.他现在正自夸胜利,得意忘形,独揽大权,在天上掌握虐政呢.Satans first speech-heroic virtues Courage and Eloquence-Agamemnon,Achilles,Odysseus Leadership qualities-Moses,Jesus Defeated rebels He is courageous,undaunted,refusing to yield in the face
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