《英语写作纵谈》课件.ppt

1、郑 超1.不能当聋哑人士2.不能当半文盲3.不能才疏学浅|第一年 侧重听说|第二年 强化写作|第三年 苦练翻译|第四年 综合提高|熟练、精到的口笔译能力|这是建立在久经锤炼的说、写能力之上的|写写|加速平时习得的英语知识向应用层面转化；|变被动词汇量为主动词汇量；|自己为自己创造语境，自己逼着自己从语境中走出来，自己逼着自己进入英语思维；|只有高质量的写才能保证高质量的说；|让学生把大把的时间放到写上面 这就是二年级其他课程排得不太紧的原因。|多说少写|先短后长|学以应考XXX|A 段重点：唤起创作灵感 丰富表达方式|教学设计 从作者中心到读者中心 建立幽默感 -今后才能妙笔生花|提倡精写精改

2、 作文是反映作者水平的一面镜子。第一稿肯定会有些语言错误和中式英语。过几个星期回过头来看，就会觉得自己写得比较幼稚，要不断地改，改就是磨练纯正英语的最佳过程。|在词汇层面狠下功夫|要让自己逐渐做到任何意思都能表达 例：I looked at the huge sum of money,with ambivalent feelings.（心理矛盾的）（心理矛盾的）Eventually he was employed by a powerful company which lacked new blood in the nick of time.（刚好在这时候）（刚好在这时候）|多把学过的好的表达

3、法拿出来用 Her regret knew no bound.|自己创作好的句子 Since man shouldnt be a slave of another person,they made themselves into slaves of money.Stories went on as days went by.|小笔吧中的防火墙专栏(Fire wall),每次指出一个同学们常犯的错误，如：1.动词现在时决不能用于描写过去发生的事情！2.情态动词后面的动词永远不会有屈折变化！3.“there be”句型中已有动词“be”,主语后面不能再跟谓语动词。4.“while”不能用于并列两个

4、句子。5.英语中的可数名词出现时要么“戴帽子”，要么“拖尾巴”。6.Same的前面要带定冠词。这些错误在考试时犯要加重扣分。这些错误在考试时犯要加重扣分。立论谋篇笔随题动|核心突破 五段式议论文先8级，后4级，加上长篇论述技能，样样搞定。|Introduction|Body development 1|Body development 2|Body development 3|conclusionHookThesis statementTopic sentenceSupport:development illustration Wrap-upThesis restatementSo-what|

5、Can you find a main idea in each paragraph?|Are you wordy/vague?|Is there any repetition in your paragraphs?|Have you cited some examples?|Have you used some diamond words?|Which sentence do you feel proud of?|Rhetorical modes|Narration|Description|Example|Definition|Classification|Comparison/contra

6、st|Cause|Effect|Process|If the world lacked emotion|Teachers and actors|我们的改革 以写长法突破制约外语能力发展的瓶颈 （主持：王初明，郑超等）|全国高等教育科学十五规划重点课题|新世纪广东省高等教育教学改革工程|2004年广东省教学成果一等奖|2005年国家级教学成果二等奖|关于教材|下学期初将出版正式教材|本学期的最优秀作文将作为学生佳作编入教材外语学习的心理过程写写 与与 学学中高级阶段的三大步跨越n变被动词汇为主动词汇n面向意义的再词汇化n语境辨识第一步变被动词汇为主动词汇词语信息贫瘠nI looked at hi

7、m.He was thin,short and dark.His hair was like a bundle of straw.His dirty clothes and tired look were clearly signs of a long travel.His clothes were made of cheap cloth.The coat was too short and the trousers too loose.And he wore a pair of rubber shoes,which were very unfashionable.He did not loo

8、k like a smart freshman at all.“A yokel,“I concluded.from My New Roommate 英语写作范文中国青年出版社一位我校二年级学生对该段的润色nI saw,with a feeling of dislike,a skinny,tatty,dark-skinned boy.His bushy,tousled hair,filthy clothes and weary look all suggested a long journey.His clothes were cheap and shabby,and his trousers

9、baggy and faded.His horribly dowdy rubber shoes indicated a dull cheerless freshman.The boys appearance clearly spelled“yokel”to me.陈婷另一位的润色nI had a glimpse at him:thin,short as well as dark,with hair like a bundle of straw,dirty clothes made of cheap cloth and a tired look,he must have just finishe

10、d a long journey;short coat,loose trousers and a pair of rubber shoes distanced him from the smart circle.“A yokel,”I concluded.廖豪清第二步面向意义的再词汇化过程面向意义的再词汇化过程研究面向意义的活动n在儿童的母语习得过程中，首先是从意义出发使用一些由语境编码的样品来进行交际，然后进入句法化的过程，在词汇基础上习得的语言重新组织为句法基础，在这个时候以规则为基础的系统才得以发挥作用。经过句法化后，又重新词汇化，词汇可以出现在不同的样品中，而且在功能上可以独立运作。面

11、向意义的再词汇化过程面向意义的再词汇化过程:措辞措辞n打肿脸充胖子，吃亏的是自己。If you get beyond your depth,youll suffer.n(打肿脸充胖子get beyond your depth)n无知是恐惧的根源，也是倾慕的根源。Ignorance is the mother of fear as well as of admiration.n(根源 mother)面向意义的再词汇化过程面向意义的再词汇化过程:词性变换词性变换n他们每天长时间工作，吃的是粗茶淡饭，住的是冰冷的窑洞，点的是暗淡的油灯。nThey worked long hours on meage

12、r food,in cold caves,by dim lamps.n(动词转介词)面向意义的再词汇化过程面向意义的再词汇化过程:确立中心词n我走在厚厚的地毯上，一点脚步声也没有。nThe thick carpet killed the sound of my footsteps.n（中心词带动的命题重组）确立中心词n她留学的钱还是她未婚夫出的。nHer fianc even financed her studies abroad.n英语句中的改变：n1）从OSV到SVOn2)动词改变nThe change of the key word drives the change of the se

13、ntence structure.n重视第二语言核心词语的特征研究，是摆脱第一语言思维干扰的一条光明大道。面向意义的再词汇化过程面向意义的再词汇化过程:突显性突显性 我兴奋得说不出话来。Excitement deprived me of all power of utterance.面向意义的再词汇化过程面向意义的再词汇化过程:突显性突显性n一看到那棵大树，我就会想到童年的情景。The sight of the big tree always reminds me of my childhood.中心词驱动结构重组n我无法用语言来表达。n Words fail me.nShe escaped

14、my notice.n我没注意到她。n今年的圣诞节是星期一。nChristmas Day falls on a Monday this year.中心词驱动结构重组n他上了年纪了，记忆变得模糊了。nThe L1-influenced translation by intermediate English learners in China:nHe was getting older in age and began to lose memories.nThe better translation through head-resetting:nAge clouded his memories.

15、nThe new head is:nCloud （Longman）第三步语境辨识语境辨识nOn the river banks there are many willow trees with their branches bending into water.nMany willow trees bend their branches into the river.又例n“What the hell was the noise?”这句话中含有非正式（informal）语气的措辞“the hell”，应当是对朋友才这样讲。反过来，如果有人无意中说出这么一句话，那他就构建了一种非正式的语境。因此，有必要找出说话人在特定的语境中使用特定的措辞和句式的原因，也就是说，有必要研究语言的功能。摆脱中式语境n“创新是一个民族进步的灵魂”n 初译：innovation is the soul of a nations progress.n改译：innovation sustains the progress of a nation.nsoul是有生命的，而innovation则没有，两者在一起是拟人化，改译纠正了这一点。n汉语的静态译成英语的动态。（王弄笙王弄笙）