[英语学习]翻译理论与实践汇编课件.ppt
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- 英语学习 英语 学习 翻译 理论 实践 汇编 课件
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1、 Description:This course named Translation Theory and Practice aims at cultivating the SS ability of translating between E-C they have the ability to understand and master some basic theories and techniques about translation.E.g.,etc.In a word,the SS will have the first impression to English languag
2、e and Chinese,and through these discussions they will have a higher ability in their English writing.Tips:Read more;Practice more;Think more;Discuss more1.1.中国翻译中国翻译 中国翻译协会中国翻译协会 主办主办2.2.上海翻译上海翻译 上海科技翻译学会上海科技翻译学会 主办主办 The Oxford English Dictionary:to turn from one language into another (从一种语言转换成另一种语
3、言从一种语言转换成另一种语言);Websters third New International Dictionary of the English Language:to turn into ones own or another language (转换成本族语或另一种语言转换成本族语或另一种语言)。翻译是一种翻译是一种“语言转换语言转换”活动。活动。Translation is a rendering from one language into another,i.e.,the faithful representation in one language of what is wri
4、tten or said in another language.To be more exact,in&s words:Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message,first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.(所谓翻译,是指在译语中用最切近而又自然的对等语再现原语的信息,首先在语义上,其次在文体上。)A good trans
5、lation is one which the merit of the original work is so completely transfused into another language as to be as distinctly apprehended and as strongly felt by a native of the country to which that language belongs as it is by those who speak the language of the original work.好的翻译应该是把原作的长处完全地移注到另一好的
6、翻译应该是把原作的长处完全地移注到另一种语言,以使译人语所属国家的本地人能明白地领悟、种语言,以使译人语所属国家的本地人能明白地领悟、强烈地感受,如同使用原作语言的人所领悟、所感受强烈地感受,如同使用原作语言的人所领悟、所感受的一样。的一样。(泰特勒,泰特勒,1790)1790)DifferenceMessageArt See TB P19Enjoyment 优乐美优乐美U.loveitU.loveitU.lovemeU.lovemeElegant,Happy&Beautiful 翻译是把一种语言表达的意义用另一种翻译是把一种语言表达的意义用另一种语言传达出来,以达到沟通思想情感、语言传达出来
7、,以达到沟通思想情感、传播文化知识、促进社会文明,特别是传播文化知识、促进社会文明,特别是推动译语文化兴旺昌盛的目的。推动译语文化兴旺昌盛的目的。Translation is an activity of reproducing in one language the ideas which have been expressed in another language.Those who can,translate;those who cant,teach translation;those who cant teach translation,teach translation theor
8、y.Those who can,write;those who cannot,translate;those who cannot translate,write about translation.“接吻经验谈,有助于提高接吻质接吻经验谈,有助于提高接吻质量,但在理论上谈接吻,情形会大不一量,但在理论上谈接吻,情形会大不一样。在这方面,伊格尔顿打的一个比方样。在这方面,伊格尔顿打的一个比方很说明问题:很说明问题:如果你狠劲儿琢磨该怎如果你狠劲儿琢磨该怎样去吻一个人,准保弄得一塌糊涂。样去吻一个人,准保弄得一塌糊涂。”“If a translator is an absolute genius
9、,probably he doesnt need to bother,at least not too much.An adequate theory of translation can also help people to understand not merely what to do,but why certain thing can be done and should be done.A good theory of translation is important in helping people tackle new problems.”(如果译者是一个绝对的天才,他可能无
10、需理会如果译者是一个绝对的天才,他可能无需理会理论。理论。然而,适当的理论会有助于人们对翻然而,适当的理论会有助于人们对翻译问题不仅知其然,而起知其所以然。正确的翻译问题不仅知其然,而起知其所以然。正确的翻译理论有助于人们解决新的问题。译理论有助于人们解决新的问题。)The Relationship between Translation Theoryand TechniquesTranslation theory refers to the laws to help people to understand the laws and solve different kinds of prob
11、lems in translation,while translation techniques refer to the experience people have accumulated in their practice of translation.Techniques are important,but they are not panacea.Different kinds of materials to be translated require different stresses in their rendition.For example,scientific mater
12、ials stress their preciseness,novels and stories,their plots and characters,etc.We must master the translation theory to guide our translation work.(the teachers opinion)In the point view of Eugene A.Nida,the famous American translator,“translation practice without an adequate theory produces only h
13、aphazard results,while theory without practice is completely sterile”(Nida,1969).(缺少理论指导的翻译是随意的翻译缺少理论指导的翻译是随意的翻译,离开实践的理论离开实践的理论是毫无根据用处的理论。是毫无根据用处的理论。)lin terms of languages:lin terms of the mode:lin terms of materials to be translated:lin terms of disposal:(full-text translation,abridged translation
14、,adapted translation)1.按语言分类:按语言分类:语内翻译(intralingual translation)语际翻译(interlingual translation)2.按活动形式分类:按活动形式分类:笔译(translation)口译(oral interpretation):连续传译(consecutive I)同声传译(simultaneous I)3.按翻译材料的文体分类:按翻译材料的文体分类:应用文体翻译 科技文体翻译 论述文体翻译新闻文体翻译 艺术文体翻译4.按处理方式分类:按处理方式分类:全译 节译 摘译 编译 译述 Consecutive Interpr
15、etingSimultaneous Interpreting Yan Fus(严复严复)“three-character guide”,which was first proposed in 1898,is the principle of Faithfulness Expressiveness Elegance “译事三难:信、达、雅译事三难:信、达、雅”See TB P17 Some revisions such as faithfulness,expressiveness and closeness(信、达、切信、达、切);faithfulness,expressiveness and
16、fitness(信、达、贴信、达、贴),Fu Leis(傅雷傅雷)spiritual conformity/resemblance in spirit(神似(神似)Qian Zhongshu(钱钟书钱钟书)transmigration(化境化境)鲁迅:翻译:一当然力求其易解鲁迅:翻译:一当然力求其易解,一则保存原作的丰姿。反对一则保存原作的丰姿。反对牛头不对马嘴,提出牛头不对马嘴,提出“宁信而不顺宁信而不顺”之原则。之原则。林语堂的林语堂的“忠实、通顺、美忠实、通顺、美”梁实秋的梁实秋的“宁错务顺宁错务顺”瞿秋白的瞿秋白的“信顺统一信顺统一”许渊冲的许渊冲的“音美、形美、意美(三美)音美、形美
17、、意美(三美)”Criteria for beginners:FaithfulnessSmoothnessSee TB P12-13(重庆重庆“人人酒家人人酒家”)Another year is about to pastCares from Father&Mother still lastDiligent Wife has no chance for a restChildren work hard to make their bestBut You struggle for a better prospectIgnoring familys Reunion expectWinter nig
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