Concept-Generation-ECEN-490-Project-Management-Lectures概念一代甚至490的项目管理讲座-资料课件.ppt

1、Fall 20131Concept Generation.Fall 20132Concept Generation The idea of doing a structured process to generate design concepts is one of the most difficult concepts to teach.What makes it so hard?Have you ever done a task only to find out later that there was an easier way?Why did you choose the harde

2、r method?What are some example of break-through,out of the box thinking?Fall 20133Phase 1ConceptDevelopmentPhase 2Phase 5Phase 4Phase 3System-LevelDesignDetailDesignTesting andRefinementProductionRamp-upMissionStatementDevelopmentPlanConcept DevelopmentExhibit 2 Chapter 3 Ulrich&EppingerIdentifyCust

3、omerNeedsEstablishTargetSpecsGenerateProductConceptsSelect aProductConceptTest ProductConceptSetFinalSpecsPlan DownstreamDevelopmentPerform Economic AnalysisBenchmark Competitive ProductsBuild and Test Models and PrototypesConcept Development PhaseFall 201344Why emphasize early concept generation?“T

4、horough exploration of alternatives early in the development process greatly reduces the likelihood that the team will stumble upon a superior concept late in the development process or that a competitor will introduce a product with dramatically better performance than the product under development

5、.”Ulrich and EppingerConcept generation answers the question of“how”the product will satisfy the customer needs as mapped into the functional specifications.Concept GenerationFall 20135Concept generationConcept screeningConcept scoringConcept testingIterative Process of Concept GenerationTargetSpeci

6、ficationChosenSolutionFall 20136 Reduce the likelihood of costly problems later in the development process.Early concept generation is a very affordable way of looking at a lot of alternatives.Develops confidence in the team that you are not going to be surprised later on.A product solution without

7、an alternative is not an acceptable solution-Advantages of Early Concept GenerationFall 20137 What are some of the problems you may encounter w/o a structured approach to concept generation?Wont consider many alternatives.Influenced by the most dominant person on the team.Dont consider product conce

8、pts from other companies or unrelated products.Team doesnt get a“buy in”to the final proposal.May miss entire an entire category of solutions.Fall 20138Home Depot Theorem Time spent in Project Planning =Complexity of the problemDistance to the nearestHome Depot storeXHome Depot Corollary Time spent

9、on the actual ProjectComplexity of the problem=Distance to the nearest Home Depot storeFall 20139Concept Generation is a 5 step processClarify the problem.Break it down into sub-problems,and prioritize.Search externally for existing solutions=BOFs.Search internally,using individual and group resourc

10、es.Explore systematically,using concept fragments.Reflect and evaluate.1.This is not necessarily a linear process,it is usually iterative.Fall 201310 Step 1 Clarify the problem Start with the Customer needs analysis and Functional Specs as inputs limit the scope of the problem.Dont try to“boil the o

11、cean”.Prioritize the critical subsystems where you can differentiate your design.You will only have a few areas where you will need to apply the formal process.Be sure to list the critical assumptions you are making about the problem.Fall 201311 Decomposition of design conceptsFunctionaldescriptioni

12、nputsoutputsTake a“systems”approach to designThe goal of problem decomposition is to help identify the few critical functions for your design.Every Product Function has a series of inputs and outputs that describe the behavior of the function.Fall 201312 Hand held NailerThe design team decomposed th

13、e problem into several subproblems:Energy Source,Material(nails),Initiate actionStore orAccept ExternalenergyIsolateNailConvertEnergy toTranslationalenergyStoreNailsSenseinitiationTriggertoolApplyTranslationalEnergy to nailEnergyInitiationactionNailsDrivenNailFall 201313 In-class exercise#1 Develop

14、a decomposition function diagram for one of the design subproblems for your project.What would be some of the inputs and outputs.FunctionaldescriptioninputsoutputsFall 201314 Step 2 Search Externally Be a pirate!Take the best ideas that others have developed and build on them.You dont have to do eve

15、rything perfectly.It only takes a couple of areas of differentiation to have a success in the market.What technology allowed Honda to become a leader in transportation vehicles.Reliable engines.HP inkjet printers An ink that could be boiled to produce droplets.Colored inks.Fall 201315 Search Externa

16、lly Interview lead users.Consult industry experts.Search Patents.Search published literature.Benchmark related products.For you Concept Generation and Selection document,I want you to show evidence of at least two areas where you have researched some external inputs for concept generations.Fall 2013

17、16 Step 3 Search internally Be careful to avoid assuming you know more than you do about a subject.Be careful to not over-simplify a problem“For every complex problem there is a simple,easy-to-understand,wrong answer.”Complex problems usually have complex solutionsFall 201317 Search internally Use y

18、our personal and team knowledge and creativity to generate solution concepts.Some guidelines for generating concepts:Suspend judgment.Dont be quick to jump to conclusions.Generate a lot of ideas.Dont spend time evaluating ideas,just capture them.Welcome“out of the box”ideas.Dont worry about feasibil

19、ity during the initial brainstorming.Use graphical and visual methods to capture ideas.Quick drawings and sketches are great.Fall 201318 Step 4 Explore Systematically At this point the team should have a collection of concept fragmentssolutions to the subproblems.The goal of systematic exploration i

20、s to synthesize a complete solution from the concept fragments.The problem is that not all fragments will work together in a final solution space.Your job is to come up with practical concepts from all the pieces.Fall 201319 Systematic exploration There are two tools that can help the team in naviga

21、ting through the maze of concept fragments:1.The concept classification tree,and,2.The concept combination table.Concept classification tree helps to divide the solutions into independent categories,And the concept combination table helps in the selection of possible fragments.Fall 201320 Systematic

22、 exploration concept classification treeStore orAcceptenergyChemicalHydraulicElectricalPneumaticFuel-air systemExplosive SystemOil pressure systemWall outletBatteriesFuel CellExternal air systemInternal air systemFall 201321 Concept classification tree What are we trying to accomplish with the tree?

23、Prune less promising branches quickly.Identify independent approaches to the problem.Find where gaps may exist in the concept fragments.Refine the thought process for a particular branch.Fall 201322 Concept combination table This is a tool to link fragments into complete solutions.The first step is

24、to identify the general functional diagram for the anticipated solution.ConvertEnergy to translational energyAccumulate Translational energyApply Translational energy to nailFall 201323 Concept combination tables Step 2 is to put all concept fragments into a column of the combination table.This help

25、s to identify if concept fragments are missing or redundant.Step 3 is to link concept fragments into complete solutions.This also shows where more evaluation or exploration is necessary.Fall 201324 Concept combination tables Step 1-add fragments to the tableConvert Electrical energy to translational

26、 energyAccumulateEnergyApply translational energy to nailRotary motor with transmissionLinear MotorSolenoidRail gunSpringMoving MassSingle impactMultiple impactPush nailFall 201325 Concept combination tables Step 2-connect fragments into solutionsConvert Electrical energy to translational energyAccu

27、mulateEnergyApply translational energy to nailRotary motor with transmissionLinear MotorSolenoidRail gunSpringMoving MassSingle impactMultiple impactPush nailFall 201326 Concept combination tables As you can see,there are a lot of combinations available.(4 x 2 x 3)Many obviously dont make sense and

28、can be quickly eliminated.However,you often find a new idea by looking at the possible combinations of concept fragments.Remember,this is an iterative process,you may have to go back to square one quite often.Fall 201327Step 5 Reflect and EvaluateAre you confident that the solution space has been ad

29、equately explored?Do you have alternate functional diagrams?Can you decompose the problem in an alternate way?Have you considered external sources?1.Have everyones ideas been considered and integrated into the process?Fall 201328 Develop innovative solutions that will meet the target specifications

30、that have been determined by the needs of the customer.Find design concepts that will differentiate our solution from the competition.Insure that you havent overlooked some critical areas of the design.Concept Generation-SummaryFall 201329 Homework assignment Complete the FSD.Due on Thurs Sept 26th.

31、Link it to your team management page and email a copy to me.Email me with 5 concept alternatives for your actual project.We will discuss these in class on Thursday.Information for the next lecture is in chapter 7,Concept Selection in Ulrich and Eppinger or in the class notes.Fall 201330The Competenc

32、y Matrix KnowledgeAwarenessYou knowYou Dont KnowYou KnowYou Dont KnowConscious CompetentFacts and dataPast experienceObservationsBOFsUnconscious Competent Skills you possess even though you dont know itData you know that you dont know you will need.Conscious Incompetent Information that needs to be

33、researched.You fill find people with the required knowledge.You will avoid making assumptions without dataUnconscious Incompetent This is the area to avoid.This is where you get really surprised.Dont assume that not knowing wont hurt you.谢谢你的阅读v知识就是财富v丰富你的人生docin/sanshengshiyuandoc88/sanshenglu 更多精品资源请访问更多精品资源请访问