高中英语定语从句课件.ppt

1、Unit 5 The Attributive Clause Underline the attributive clauses:Dont forget the things that once you owned.Treasure the things that you cant get.Dont give up the things that belong to you and keep those lost things in memory.曾经拥有的，不要忘记。不能得到的，曾经拥有的，不要忘记。不能得到的，更要珍惜。属于自己的，不要放弃。更要珍惜。属于自己的，不要放弃。已经失去的，留作回

2、忆。已经失去的，留作回忆。The Attributive clause语法讲解语法讲解 定语从句定语从句（the attributive clause）被定语从句限定的词是被定语从句限定的词是_，引导定语，引导定语从句的词叫做从句的词叫做 _ 或或 _。关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即连接连接（连接定语从句和主句）、（连接定语从句和主句）、替代替代（替代前面的（替代前面的 先行词）、先行词）、成分成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。句子成分）。在复合句中，充当在复合句中，充当_ 用的从句是定语从句用的从句是定语从句“先行词先行词”

3、“关系代词关系代词”“关系副词关系副词”形容词形容词构成及种类构成及种类:1.The school where we live and study lies west of the town.2.I,who am your English teacher,will try my best to help you.限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句结构：结构：先行词先行词 +关系词关系词 +定语从句定语从句whowhomwhichthatwhosewhenwherewhytimeplacereason时间状语时间状语地点状语地点状语原因状语原因状语以下情况，引导词用以下

4、情况，引导词用that，不用，不用which。1.先行词为不定代词先行词为不定代词 everything，little,much，all，anything，nothing,none,few时时,5.先行词前有先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，修饰时，先行词被先行词被 all,any,every,little,much,no,some,the only，the very，the last 修饰时，修饰时，2.先行词同时先行词同时指人和指物指人和指物时，时，3.在在以以which/who 为疑问词为疑问词的特殊疑问句中的特殊疑问句中 4.在在there is/here is

5、/it is 句型中句型中1.This is all _ I know about the matter.A.that B.what C.who D.whether2.Is there anything else _ you require?A.which B.that C.who D.what3.The last place _ we visited was the Great Wall.A.which B.that C.where D.itExercise:that4.He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him gre

6、atly in the school.A.which B.that C.it D.whom5.There is no dictionary _ you can find.A.that B.which C.where D.in that6.Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn?A.it B./C.which D.that7.Which was the hotel _ was recommended to you?A.where B.which C.that D.it先行词为先行词为人和物的人和物的组合组合先行词被先行词被all,little,much,

7、every,no,等等修饰时修饰时先行词被序数词或最高级修饰，先行词前先行词被序数词或最高级修饰，先行词前有序数词有序数词(the first),形容词最高级形容词最高级(the best),the last,the very,the only 等时。等时。考点二：以下情况只能用考点二：以下情况只能用which引导定语从句。引导定语从句。1.引导非限制性定语从句时引导非限制性定语从句时,其先行词可是其先行词可是一个词一个词,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。3.句子中同时有两个定语从句，其中一个句子中同时有两个定语从句，其中一个已经用了已经用了 that 引导时引

8、导时 2.先行词是物，紧接在介词后面时先行词是物，紧接在介词后面时 考点三：关系代词考点三：关系代词 as 的用法的用法 the same as 表示表示同一类同一类人或物；人或物；the same that 指指同一个同一个人或物人或物1.直接引导定语从句直接引导定语从句:作用相当于作用相当于which He was late,as/which is often the case.2.与与such 连用连用,引起定语从句引起定语从句 There are no such writers as you mention.It gave him such a shock that his face

9、turned white.3.与与same 连用连用,引起定语从句引起定语从句 如此如此 以至于以至于 This is the same pen _I lost yesterday.A.as B.that C.the one D.A&B D比较：比较：.the same pen as I lost.the same pen that I lost.表示这支笔与我不见的那支很像，不一定就是表示这支笔与我不见的那支很像，不一定就是则表示这支笔就是我不见的那支则表示这支笔就是我不见的那支 Eg:4.as 与与 which 的区别的区别as 在从句中作主语时，后面常接在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词

10、的行为动词的被动语态，被动语态，如如 be known，be said，be reported 等等 如从句中如从句中行为动词是主动语态行为动词是主动语态，一般要用，一般要用which作主语。作主语。1)She has been late again,_ was expected.2)Tom has made great progress,_ made us happy.aswhich1._ was natural,he married Jenny.A.Which B.That C.This D.As2.Such signs _ we use in the experiment _Greek

11、letters.A.as,are B.as,is C.that,are D.that,is3.She is very good at dance,_ everybody knows.A.that B.where C.who D.as4._ has been said above,grammar is a set of dead rules.A.Which B.What C.That D.As5.We do the same work _ they do.A.which B.as C.than D.like考点四：什么情况下考点四：什么情况下 whose和和of which不能互换不能互换?1.

12、先行词是人时，只能用先行词是人时，只能用whose,不能用不能用of whichIts the first time the boy _ father is an engineer has paid a visit to our school.2.of 不具有所属关系时，不能用不具有所属关系时，不能用whose She would like to read the novel of which a great number of people have heard.whose 考点五考点五:什么情况下用什么情况下用 who 不用不用 that？先行词是人称代词时，如：先行词是人称代词时，如：H

13、e,who just heard the news of his fathers death,burst into tears.1）、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配）、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配This is the book_ which you asked注意：动词注意：动词短语短语不能拆开不能拆开即介词不能提前即介词不能提前 forThe old man whom I am looking after is better.考点六考点六:如何判断介词如何判断介词 2）看定语从句中形容词与介词的）看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配搭配He referred me to some referenc

14、e books _ which I am not very familiar.with3）根据先行词判断，所用的介词与）根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词先行词 搭配搭配This is our classroom ,_ which there is a teachers desk.in the front of1.(2019湖南卷湖南卷)We saw several natives advancing towards our party,and one of them came up to us,_ we gave some bells and glasses.A.to which B.to

15、whom C.with whom D.with which2.(2019山东卷山东卷)He was educated at a local grammar school,_ he went on to Cambridge.A.from which B.after that C.after which D.from that 3.(2019浙江卷浙江卷)I was given three books on cooking,the first_ I really enjoyed.A.of that B.of which C.that D.which 4.(2019重庆卷重庆卷)Mark was a

16、 student at this university from 2019 to 2019,_ he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students Union.A.during which time B.for which time C.during whose time D.by that time1.Ill never forget the days _ we worked together.2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.3.I went to the pla

17、ce _ I worked ten years ago.when/in whichwhichwhere/in which几种易混的情况几种易混的情况及物动词及物动词4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago.5.This is the reason _ he was late.6.This is the reason _ he gave.whichwhy/for whichthat/which及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词 一些特殊词之后定语从句关联词的选择一些特殊词之后定语从句关联词的选择:1.(2019上海上海)I can think

18、of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay.2.(2019江西卷江西卷)After graduation she reached a point in her career _ she needed to decide what to do.where where 此类词有：此类词有：case,point,situation,position,condition,degree,race等等 定语从句三步：定语从句三步：第

19、一找出先行词第一找出先行词第二看先行词在定语从句中的第二看先行词在定语从句中的 语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语法功能（做主语、宾语或状 语）语）第三选择合适的关系词第三选择合适的关系词专题专练专题专练1.Do you think such a place _ you speak of is worth visiting?He promised to come to see me on purpose on Sunday,_ I doubt very much.There is a lake near our schoolyard,_ depth is out of your expectatio

20、n.-Do you have anything in mind _ youd like for supper?-Well,anything is Ok for me.2.5.The house in _ he used to live has turned into a library.as which whose that which =the lakes 6.Students in our school,most of _ are from the south of China,enjoy rice very much.7.Can you think of a situation _ th

21、is idiom is used?8._ is often the case,teachers in our school usually return to school on Sunday evenings.9.Which is the road _ leads to the village _ you were born?10.The newcomer is from Jiangxi,_ I can tell from his accent.whom where As that where which =in which 1).a.I saw some trees,and the lea

22、ves of _ were black with disease.b.I saw some trees,the leaves of _ were black with disease.2).a.The professor is a little man,on the nose of _there is a pair of glasses.b.The professor is a little man,and on the nose of _there is a pair of glasses解题点拨解题点拨:是否有是否有连词连词是区分定语从句和并列句的关键。是区分定语从句和并列句的关键。the

23、mwhomwhichhim _高考考点高考考点易混句型易混句型1.1.定语从句与并列句定语从句与并列句 1).a.The news _our volleyball team won the match made us excited.b.The news _he told me yesterday is exciting.2).a.I made a promise _ if anyone set me free,I would make him very rich.b.The mother made a promise _ pleased all her children.that(that/

24、which)that/whichthat解题点拨：解题点拨：that引导的引导的定语从句定语从句是对其先行词的是对其先行词的修修饰或限制饰或限制；在句中；在句中作成份作成份(作宾语省略作宾语省略),),指物时可用指物时可用whichwhich代替；而代替；而同位语从句同位语从句是对前面名词的是对前面名词的说明和解释说明和解释。that在从句中仅起连接作用在从句中仅起连接作用,不充当成份不充当成份，不能省略，不能省略,不能用不能用whichwhich代替。代替。.定语从句与同位语从句定语从句与同位语从句 1)a.It is in this room _I lived last year.b.It

25、 is the room _I lived last year.2)a.It was at seven oclock _he went to school this morning.b.It was seven oclock _he went to school this morning.解题点拨：解题点拨：强调句型：强调句型：It is/was+被强调的成被强调的成份份+that/who+其它部分其它部分;去掉去掉 It is/was .that/who,句子照样成立句子照样成立;而定语从句的而定语从句的引引导词在句中要作成份导词在句中要作成份。thatwherethatwhen.定语从句与

26、强调句定语从句与强调句翻译翻译1.他指给我看他丢钱包的地方。他指给我看他丢钱包的地方。He showed me the place where he lost his wallet.2.我不认识那个和你说话的女孩。我不认识那个和你说话的女孩。I dont know the girl whom/that you speak to.3.她是一个叫玛丽的女孩。她是一个叫玛丽的女孩。She is a girl who is called Mary.4.那些正在打网球的男孩是我的朋友。那些正在打网球的男孩是我的朋友。Those boys who are playing tennis are my fri

27、ends.5.你记不记得我们到这儿的那一天你记不记得我们到这儿的那一天?Do you remember the day when we arrived here?考点六考点六:way 后面的定语从句后面的定语从句 way 后面的定语从句的引导词有后面的定语从句的引导词有 in which that 或或 不填不填，如：，如：I recognized hes from Australia from the way _ he speaks.in which(that/不填不填)填上合适的关系词并分析原因填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.The way _he explained the senten

28、ce to us was not difficult to understand.2.The way _he explained to us was quite simple.that/which/不填不填that/in which/不填不填缺状语缺状语缺宾语缺宾语缺少主语或宾语缺少主语或宾语:引导词用引导词用that/which/不填不填(缺宾语时缺宾语时)主语宾语都不缺主语宾语都不缺:引导词用引导词用that/in which/不不填填1.This is all_I know about the matter.A.that B.what C.who D.whether2.Maria has

29、 written two novels,both of _ have been made into television series.A.them B.that C.which D.what 3.（10福建）福建）Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradually.A.thatB.where C.which D.whoseChoose the best answers:4.（10湖南）湖南）Ive become good friends with

30、several of the students in my school I met in the English speech contest last year.A.who B.where C.when D.which 5.（10江西）江西）The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister _ she would stay for an hour.A where B who C which D what6.（10山东）山东）Thats the new machine _ parts

31、are too small to be seen.A.that B.which C.whose D.What7.(10山东）山东）Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future.A.on which B.by which 1.C.to which D.from which8.(10天津）天津）Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?You should try the barbers I go.Its only 15.A.as

32、 B.which C.where D.that9.（10四川）四川）After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling，turned out to be a wise decision Athat Bwhich Cwhen Dwhere10.（10全国全国I）As a child,Jack studied in a village school,_ is named after his grandfather.A.which B.where C.what D.that 11.（10江苏）江苏）The newly

33、 built caf,the walls of_ are painted light green,is really a peaceful place for us,specially after hard work.A.that B.it C.what D.which 12.（10全国全国II）I refuse to accept the blame for something _was someone elses fault.A.who B.that C.as D.what 13.（10北京）北京）Children who are not active or diet is high in

34、 fat will gain weight quickly.A.what B.whose C.which D.that 14.（10重庆）重庆）In china,the number of cities is increasing _development is recognized across the world.A.where B.which C.whose D.that 15.（10浙江）浙江）The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people,many of left their village homes for a better life

35、in the city.Awhom Bwhich CthemDThose 16.(09山东山东)Whenever I met her,_ was fairly often,she greeted me with a sweet smile.A.who B.which C.when D.that 17.(09宁夏宁夏)She brought with her three friends,none of I had ever met before.A.them B.who C.whom D.these 18.(09江苏江苏)Because of the financial crisis,days

36、are gone local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.A.if B.when C.which D.since 19.Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time.Aof which Bwith which Cabout which Dinto which 20.The house I grew up _ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.A.in it B.in C.in that D.in which Thank you