非谓语动词动词ing之用法精讲课堂课件.ppt

1、非非 谓谓 语语 动动 词词1谓语动词谓语动词动名词gerund不定式infinitive分词participle21性质：它具有动词的特点，但在句子中起着名词、形容词、副词的作用，充当主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语的作用，即：除谓语以外一切成分。34主语主语定语定语宾语宾语表语状语宾语补宾语补足语足语不定式不定式?过去过去分词分词?v-ing 形式形式?5?3语态：必须搞清逻辑主语与非谓语动词的关系，从而来确定非谓语动词态的语态。6现在分词与动名词现在分词与动名词7Swimming is her favorite sport.Learning is important to mod

2、ern life.They went out of the classroom,talking and laughing.8I remembered sending him an e-mail last week.（前）He suggested taking my daughter to the zoo the next Sunday.（后）9Having lived in this city for three years,she knows it very well.I really regretted missing such an exciting lecture.=I really

3、regretted having missed such an exciting lectureWe remembered seeing the film.(=We remembered having seen the film.)10The question being discussed is very important.I cant stand being kept waiting.Having been shown the lab,we were taken to see the school library.11His not coming made everyone presen

4、t very disappointed.12Seeingis believing.=To see is to believe.It is no use crying over spilt milk.Its a waste of time arguing about it.13talking to him.telephoning him.He is not willing to come.making an effort.saying when it will stop raining.There is no joking about such matters.14Her job is keep

5、ing the lecture hall as clean as possibleThe problem is quite puzzling.1.Her workis _(look)after the children.2.My aimis _(go)to TsinghuaUniversity.3.One of my bad habitis _(bite)nails（指甲）（指甲）.151 能用动词-ing形式作宾语的及物动词可分两类，只能用动词-ing形式作宾语，可用动词-ing形式作宾语,也可用不定式作宾语。只能用-ing形式作宾语的动词suggest doing it in a diff

6、erent way.16必背admit 承认appreciate 感激avoid 避免put off 推迟keep 保持consider 考虑delay 耽搁dislike 嫌恶resist抵制mention 提及enjoy 喜欢escape 避免excuse 原谅practice 练习mind介意fancy想不到feel like 意欲finish 完成risk 冒险include 包括forgive 原谅give up 放弃suggest 建议miss 逃过imagine 设想cannot help 情不自禁17。181.He was in low spirits and even con

7、sider _(go)away.2.Practise _(put)your hand to the ground.3.I cant help _(have)the trip to Britain.4.Dont tell me you always escape _(fine)because you have a fast sports car.5.Leave off _(bite)your nails!6.He didnt feel like _(work),so he suggested _(spend)the day in the garden.7.You certainly mustnt

8、 miss _(see)the wonderful film.198.The doctor advised _(stay)longer in hospital.9.We appreciate your _(want)_(help)us in our difficulties.10.Michael has delayed _(write)to her till today.11.The law forbids _(sell)liquor to children.12.They all suggested _(give)more chances.13.Can you imagine _(leave

9、)standing outside for a whole night.14.They built the banks to prevent the area from _(flood).20这类动词虽然既能用-ing形式作宾语，也能用不定式作宾语，但用法并不相同，主要有以下几种情况：有些动词，如attempt,continue,hate,intend,like,love,prefer等，后面接动词-ing形式或不定式区别不是很大。They prefer spending/to spend their summer vacation in Dalian.I intend to buy/buyi

10、ng an English-Chinese dictionary.提示应尽量避免接连出现两个动词-ing形式I am starting to learn Russian.避免说：I am starting learning Russian.21come to do表示一个渐渐发展的过程I hope we shall be friends and come to understand one e doing表示陪衬性的动作It was already two oclock when she came hurrying in.22做完一件事后，接下去做另外一件事做完一件事后，接下去做另外一件事Ha

11、ving finished the exercises,we went on to learn the new words in the next unit.继续做同一件事。Though it was raining heavily,they went on working。想要做某事I didnt mean to hurt you.。意味着要有一个结果Missing the train means waiting foranother hour.。23对即将要做的事表示遗憾I regret to say I must leave tomorrow.对所做的事感到后悔I regret not

12、having told her earlier.指将来的事，表示“不要忘记”Remember to lock the door when you leave.讲的是过去的事，表示“记起来”I remember posting that letter.24forget to do忘记要做某事She nearly forgot to give the porter a tip for his service.forget doing忘记以前曾做过的事Ill never forget meeting my school headmaster for the first time.stop to do

13、停止原来做的事，开始做另一件事While working,he stopped to talk with Tom at times.stop doing停止正在做的事When the teacher came into the classroom,the pupils stopped talking.25try to do设法做某事I must try to get everything readybefore he arrives.try doing试验做某事Would you please try doing that again?26doing doing to be doneto be

14、 doneYour composition needs correcting/to be corrected.His coat wants cleaning/to be cleaned.The old woman requires looking after carefully/to be looked after carefully.动词-ing形式作介词宾语大都和一些固定搭配有关。27We heard the children shouting upstairs.I felt my heart beating violently.28ing正在进行不定式发生结束He saw a girl

15、getting on the bus.He saw a girl get on the bus and drive off.29They should not leave us wondering what they will do next.I wont have you running about in the room.We kept the fire burning all night long.一系列I sawhim enterthe room sitdown and lighta cigarette.3031。a reading room=a room which is used

16、for reading 阅览室runningshoes =shoes for running 跑鞋a working method=a method of working工作方法a drawing board 画板a sewingmachine 缝纫机a swimming pool游泳池a waiting room候车室a diningcar 餐车a drivingpermit 驾驶许可证a singingcompetition歌咏比赛a walkingstick手杖32 表示所修饰的人或物的表示所修饰的人或物的动作或或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进

17、行的动作，也可表示也可表示经常性动作或动作或当时的状态。developing countries=countries that are developing发展中国家an ordinary-lookinghouse=a house that looks ordinary看起来很普通的房子a puzzlingproblem=a problem that puzzles somebody 困扰人的问题33a dog 狂吠的狗a play令人失望的戏剧an adventure惊人的冒险a baby熟睡的婴儿water正在沸腾的水sight逐渐衰退的视力the sun落日the week下一周34Th

18、e bottle containing vinegar should be sent to the laboratory.They lived in a house facing south.作定语的动词-ing形式表示的动作要与主句谓语的动作同时发生，如两者不能同时发生 的话，则需使用定语从句。【误】The professor coming here yesterday will give us a lecture.【正】The professor who came here yesterdaywill give us a lecture.35 动词-ing形式的完成式一般只用来作状语，不作

19、定语。【误】The temple having been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon.【正】The temple which has been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon.36句首句首句末句末1 表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。Having made full preparations,we are ready for the examination.(=After we have made full preparations.)2 表示原因，相当于一个

20、原因状语从句。Being ill,he didnt go to school yesterday.(=Since he was ill.)37His father died,leaving him a lot of money.=and left him a lot of money.Working hard at your lessons,you will succeed.=If you work hard at your lessons.Knowing all this,they made me pay for the damage.=Although they knew all this

21、.38He lay on the grass,staring at the sky for a long time.=.and stared at the sky for a long timea.分词表示的必须是主语的一个动作；b.分词表示的动作和谓语表示的动作（或状态）是同时发生的；c.分词表示的是比较次要的动作，对谓语表示的动作或状态加以说明；d.大部分放在谓语之后；e.分词有时可以与句子的其他部分用逗号隔开。392、通常通常3、必须必须4、whenwhileifthus40Reading aloud is very helpful.物主代词物主代词名词所有格名词所有格His fathe

22、rs falling ill worried him greatly.(his father是falling ill的逻辑主语)43What worries me most is her staying too late every night.(staying too late every night的逻辑主语是her)它修饰的名词。an interesting book=a book that interests its readersa runningstream=a stream that is running44被动式被动式The meeting being held in Beij

23、ing nowis of great importance.(the meeting和 举行 之间的关系是被动的，所以用being held)45比比较较He insisted on doing it himself.He insisted on my doing it.Would you mind opening the window?Would you mind my opening the window?46它前面的宾语它前面的宾语We often hear her singing this song.We often hear this song(being)sung.47句句子主语E

24、ntering the classroom,I found nobody in it.如动词-ing形式表示的动作不是句中主语发出或承受的，那就是误用。这种无依着的-ing形式，语法上称之为“垂悬分词”。【误】Looking out through the window,the garden was beautiful.【正】Looking out through the window,we saw a beautiful garden.48【误】【误】Reading the evening newspaper,a dog started barking.【正】【正】I was reading

25、 the evening newspaperwhen a dog started barking.逻辑主语逻辑主语The last bus having gone,we had to walk home.Weather permitting,the football match will be played on Friday.495051一般说来，男孩比女孩对科学更感兴趣.Generally speaking,boys are more interested in science than girls.从他的口音看，他一定来自加拿大.Judging from his accent,he mu

26、st come from Canada.52Considering how poor he was,we decided to let him attend the concert for free.Supposing it rains,what will you do?5355565758596061626364652、通常通常3、必须必须4、whenwhileifthus66Having worked among the peasants for many years,he knew them very well.Not having received an answer,he decided to write another letter.Having lived in Berlin many years,he knew the city well.67肯定式否定式一般式doingnot doing完成式having donenot having done6869肯定形式否定形式一般式being donenot being done完成式having been donenot having been done70