肯尼迪就职演讲历史背景讲义课件.pptx

1、The historical background of John Kennedys inaugural addressAbstract When Kennedy delivered his inaugural address,the strength of Soviet union grew in U.S.-Soviet hegemony(美苏争霸),movement of African American civil rights was hot,and America was in the fourth economic crisis after the war.At this time

2、,there was a serious conflict between the rich and the poor.In general election,Kennedy proposed the strategy of development of science and economy,and advocated peace in two relationships.Since he was young and prestigious,American voted for him one after another.International situationDomestic pol

3、iticsPeace strategyEconomyCONTENTSInternational situation Part 01 Cold War The strength of Soviet union grew in U.S.-Soviet hegemony,the gap between The US and The SU was narrower,the United States was at a disadvantage in its rivalry with the Soviet union.Transformed“containment policy”(遏制政策)i n t

4、h e e a s t e r n E u r o p e i n t o emancipation policy.(解放政策)The Eisenhower(艾森豪威尔主义)proposed to contend with the Soviet union in the struggle for the sovereignty in the third world.T h e r e c o v e r y a n d development of economy in Western Europe resulted in the reinforcement of independence f

5、rom the United States.The unity of the western world led by the United States began to split.The united socialist camp disappeared.Khrushchev(赫鲁晓夫)a d o p t e d a n a c t i v e hegemony policy.A flexible attitude on n u c l e a r t e s t a n d disarmament issues.Eastern European countries wanted to

6、get rid of Soviet control.The rapid growth of Western Europe and Japan,and the rose of Asia and Africa,frustrated A m e r i c a s g l o b a l expansion.Domestic politicsPart 02 Due to the progress of industrialization,a large number of them flowed into cities.African-Americans were the largest ethni

7、c group in the United States,they have s u f f e r e d f r o m r a c i a l discrimination in long time and positioned at the bottom class of society.The issue of their status was becoming a national problem.African-American Civil Rights Movement(1955-1968)EconomyPart 03 The United States had its fou

8、rth post-war recession.Dollar crisis appeared at first in February of 1960.The substantial depreciation of the dollar,the cyclical downturn in economy in US,severely hit the three pillars in U.S.economic industry,they were steel industry,automobile industry and construction industry,agricultural cri

9、sis was also deepening at the same time.raise interest rates and deflate the currencyit would worsen the overcapacity crisislower interest rates and inflationit would exacerbate the dollar crisisPeace strategyPart 04 As the number of international communist movement was on the rise,The Soviet union

10、pushed forward Global hegemony strategy,but the United States was in the Vietnam war.Therefore,Soviet union expended its sphere of influence,finally made the contrast between the United States and the strength contrast of two sides changed.Kennedys peace strategy was based on military strength,p r o

11、 p o s i n g t h e improvement of s t a t u s o f t h e western Allies by a peaceful way.In the relationship with the Soviet union and other socialist countries,they would promote t h e p e a c e f u l evolution(和平演变)I n o r d e r t o strengthen the infiltration and expansion of the third world,so as to establish the dominance of the United States in the world.T H A N K S