核酸降解与核苷酸代谢（共享）课件.ppt

1、分解分解NNNHNNH2NNHNH2ONHNHOO5磷酸核糖焦磷酸磷酸核糖焦磷酸5磷酸核糖胺磷酸核糖胺嘌呤核苷酸的全程嘌呤核苷酸的全程合成（反应合成（反应2）5磷酸核糖胺磷酸核糖胺甘氨酰胺核苷酸甘氨酰胺核苷酸嘌呤核苷酸的全程嘌呤核苷酸的全程合成（反应合成（反应3）甘氨酰胺核苷酸甘氨酰胺核苷酸甲酰甘氨酰胺核苷酸甲酰甘氨酰胺核苷酸嘌呤核苷酸的全程嘌呤核苷酸的全程合成（反应合成（反应4）甲酰甘氨酰胺核苷酸甲酰甘氨酰胺核苷酸甲酰甘氨咪唑核苷酸甲酰甘氨咪唑核苷酸嘌呤核苷酸的全程嘌呤核苷酸的全程合成（反应合成（反应5）甲酰甘氨咪唑核苷酸甲酰甘氨咪唑核苷酸5氨基咪唑核苷酸氨基咪唑核苷酸5氨基咪唑核苷酸氨基咪

2、唑核苷酸5亚氨基咪唑亚氨基咪唑4羧酸核苷酸羧酸核苷酸5氨基咪唑氨基咪唑4羧酸核苷酸羧酸核苷酸5亚氨基咪唑亚氨基咪唑4羧酸核苷酸羧酸核苷酸嘌呤核苷酸的全程嘌呤核苷酸的全程合成（反应合成（反应8）5氨基咪唑氨基咪唑4羧酸核苷酸羧酸核苷酸5氨基咪唑氨基咪唑4甲酰胺核苷酸甲酰胺核苷酸嘌呤核苷酸的全程合成（反应嘌呤核苷酸的全程合成（反应9）5氨基咪唑氨基咪唑4甲酰胺核苷酸甲酰胺核苷酸5氨基咪唑氨基咪唑4氨甲酰核苷酸氨甲酰核苷酸嘌呤核苷酸的全程合成嘌呤核苷酸的全程合成(反应反应10)5氨基咪唑氨基咪唑4氨甲酰核苷酸氨甲酰核苷酸5甲酰氨基咪唑甲酰氨基咪唑4氨甲酰核苷酸氨甲酰核苷酸嘌呤核苷酸的全程嘌呤核苷酸的

3、全程合成（反应合成（反应11）5甲酰氨基咪唑甲酰氨基咪唑4氨甲酰核苷酸氨甲酰核苷酸次黄嘌呤核苷酸次黄嘌呤核苷酸p394 2Gln+2HCOOH+CO2+Gly+Asp+R-5-P(PRPP)IMP+2Glu+Fumarate反应需要反应需要5（或（或6）ATP利用现成的腺嘌呤、次黄嘌呤和鸟嘌利用现成的腺嘌呤、次黄嘌呤和鸟嘌呤通过呤通过磷酸核糖基转移酶磷酸核糖基转移酶实现实现AMP、IMP、GMP的补救合成。的补救合成。人体细胞大多为全程合成，但脑中多人体细胞大多为全程合成，但脑中多通过补救途径合成。通过补救途径合成。腺嘌呤腺嘌呤+PRPP AMP+PPi次黄嘌呤次黄嘌呤+PRPP IMP+PP

4、i鸟嘌呤鸟嘌呤+PRPP GMP+PPi磷酸核糖基转移酶催化磷酸核糖基转移酶催化p397CTP合成酶合成酶 UMP磷酸核糖基转移酶磷酸核糖基转移酶 尿嘧啶尿嘧啶+PRPP UMP+PPi 尿嘧啶磷酸化酶尿嘧啶磷酸化酶尿嘧啶尿嘧啶 +1-P-R 尿嘧啶核苷尿嘧啶核苷+Pi 尿苷激酶尿苷激酶 尿嘧啶核苷尿嘧啶核苷+ATP UMP +ADP胞嘧啶不能与胞嘧啶不能与PRPP作用。但作用。但 尿苷激酶尿苷激酶 胞嘧啶核苷胞嘧啶核苷 ATP CMP+ADP 1.AMP生成生成ATP AMP激酶激酶 AMP+ATP 2ADP glycolytic enzymes or oxidative phosphory

5、lationADP ATP2.ATP通过核苷单磷酸激酶生成其他通过核苷单磷酸激酶生成其他NDPATP +NMP ADP+NDP3.NTP的生成的生成 核苷二磷酸激酶核苷二磷酸激酶XTP+NDP XDP+NTP以核糖核苷酸为原料，通过核糖核苷以核糖核苷酸为原料，通过核糖核苷酸还原酶酸还原酶 将核糖分子将核糖分子还原还原为脱氧核糖。为脱氧核糖。核糖核苷酸必须先行转化为二磷酸核苷核糖核苷酸必须先行转化为二磷酸核苷酸酸(NDP)水平，再还原为脱氧核苷二磷酸水平，再还原为脱氧核苷二磷酸.除需还原酶外，还需另两种氧还蛋白除需还原酶外，还需另两种氧还蛋白参与，即硫氧还蛋白和谷氧还蛋白。参与，即硫氧还蛋白和谷

6、氧还蛋白。产物为产物为dNDP。进一步在激酶的作用下形成相应的进一步在激酶的作用下形成相应的dNTP。核糖核苷酸还原酶核糖核苷酸还原酶硫氧还蛋白硫氧还蛋白核糖核酸还原酶系核糖核酸还原酶系硫氧还蛋白还原酶硫氧还蛋白还原酶核糖核苷酸还原酶核糖核苷酸还原酶核核苷苷酸酸的的合合成成及及相相互互关关系系p401CoA的合的合成成$9qHY6nEV2jAR-gxO*ctK!8qHY5mDU1iAR-fwN&bsK!8pGX4lCT1izQ)evM%bsJ#7oFW3lCT0hyP(dvM%arIZ6nEW3kBS+gxO(duL$9qHY6nEV2jAR-gxO*ctK!8qHY5mDU1izR-fwN&

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