定语从句关系代词讲解课堂课件.ppt

1、Step 1:Revision1.Basic knowledge about attributive clauses.定语从句在句子中起定语作用，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可修饰一个句子。受定语从句修饰的词叫_，定语从句通常由关系代词_ 或关系副词_引导，这些词既指代主句中的先行词,又充当定语从句中的某个成分。定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句和_定语从句。先行词that,which,who,whom,whosewhen,where,why非限制性as12020/4/4关系词的作用：1、连接作用把主句和从句连接起来2、替代作用在从句中代替在它前面的先行词3、成分作用在从句中充当一个成分22020/

2、4/4He is the man(that)I told you about.1.that 指人指人/物，作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略）A plane is a machine that can fly.My hometown is not the one(that)it used to be.32020/4/42.which 指物，指物，作主语或宾语作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略作宾语可省略)These are the trees whichwere plantedlast year.This recorder（which）he is using ismade in Japan

3、.Is this the library(which)you borrow books from?42020/4/4关系代词:3.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）The man whoI talked with is our teacher.A person whosteals things is called a thief.4.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略)The man(whom/who)I nodded to is Mr.Li.52020/4/4?5.Whose 既可以修饰人也可以修饰物,在句子中作定语，不可以省略。省略。?The child whoseparents a

4、re dead is Tom?The book whose cover is lost belongs to me.62020/4/4关系词先行词所指关系词在句中作用是否可省关系代词that人/物主、宾、表宾可省which物主、宾、宾可省who人主、宾宾可省whom人宾可whose人/物定不可as人/物/事情主、宾、表宾可省关系副词when时间时间状语不可where地点地点状语不可why原因原因状语不可72020/4/41.先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,anything,something,nothing,everything等时。等时。Do you know eve

5、rything(that)he said?He bought nothing(that)he was interested in.Littlethat is important is done.2.先行词被all,any,every,few,little,no,some等修饰时。All thebooksthat were published last year were very valuable.Everyboy(that)the teacher taught in that school is smart.3.先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级以及theonly,thevery,thelast

6、等词修饰时。This is theverybook(that)I am looking after.Theonlycomputer that was bought in the shopping mall is broken.关系代词只能用that不用which.82020/4/4?4.先行词同时包含了人和物时。先行词同时包含了人和物时。He still remembers the things and the persons(that)he knew at school ten years ago.?5.先行词在定语从句中作先行词在定语从句中作to be 的表语时。The boy is th

7、at boy(that)he used to be?6.以who 或者which 开头的句子里含有定语从句并且关系代词在开头的句子里含有定语从句并且关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语时。Who is the man that helped you with your English？Which is the machinethatwas produced by your factory?92020/4/4Practice1.The man _stands there is Tom.2.The girl _ I met is Ms Li.3.The boy _watch was lost i

8、s Tom.4.The book _ lies on the desk is his.5.The pen _ you bought is good.6.The magazine _ cover is red is nice.who/that(whom/that)whosewhich/that(which/that)whose102020/4/4practice1.Everything_you say to him goes in one ear and out the other.2.All _ is needed is a supply of oil.3.The train is the l

9、ast _ will go to Shanghai.4.The boy and the dog _ are in the picture are very lovely.5.The first lesson _ I learned will be forgotten6.The way_ you are doing it is completely crazy.thatthatthatthatthatthat112020/4/4I dont like the way(that/in which)he speaks to me.注意:当先行词是the way时,关系词用:that/不填/in wh

10、ich.122020/4/4Which 用法which可以可以 引引导非导非 限限制性定语从制性定语从句，句，that不能。不能。He had failed in the mathsexam，which made his fatherveryangry.which可以可以 用用在介在介 词词后，后，that不可。不可。That is the house in whichMarkTwainusedto live一个句子中若有两个一个句子中若有两个定语从句，一个用定语从句，一个用that引导。另一个不能再用引导。另一个不能再用that，而用，而用which。HeboughtanAmericanma

11、gazinethatcould give himsomuch English knowledgeand which could help him tokillthetime132020/4/45.Whose注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：the+n+of which;of which+the+n.指人时，常用下列结构来代替：the+n+of whom;of whom+the+n.Do you like the book whose cover is green?Do you like the book of which the cover is green?142020/4/4?6.as 通

12、常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做主语/宾语。当先行词受as,such,the same 修饰时，关系词常用as。?I have never heard such stories as he tells.?This is the same dictionary as I lost last week.?注意：当先行词受the same 修饰时，偶尔也用that表同一个，但as表同一类。?She wore the same dress that she wore at Marys wedding.?She wore the same dressas her younger sister wore.

13、152020/4/4This is the same pen _I lost yesterday.A.as B.thatC.the one D.A&B D比较：.the same pen as I lost.表示这支笔与我不见的那支很像。则表示这支笔就是我不见的那支。.the same pen that I lost.162020/4/4区别：such.assuch.as引导定语从句He is such a clever boy as everyone likes.引导结果状语从句such.thatHe is such a clever boy that everyone likes.他是一个

14、人人喜欢的聪明的男孩。他是一个聪明的男孩以致人人喜欢他。172020/4/4?which和和as都可以引导非限制性定语从句都可以引导非限制性定语从句as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后甚至可以分割主句。也可放在主句之后甚至可以分割主句。which引导的非限性定语从句只能放在引导的非限性定语从句只能放在 主句之后。另外，。另外，as常有常有“正如”“正像”的含义。?China is a developing country，as is known to all?众所周知，中国是发展中国家。众所周知，中国是发展中国家。?Johnas you know，is a writer?正如你所知，约翰是个作家。正如你所知，约翰是个作家。?He was very rude to the customs officer，which of course made things even worse?他对海关官员非常无礼，这当然使事情更糟糕了。他对海关官员非常无礼，这当然使事情更糟糕了。182020/4/4