关注危重病人液体平衡(定稿)课件.ppt
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1、关注危重病人液体平衡关注危重病人液体平衡徐颖鹤徐颖鹤目录目录 EGDT提高抢救成功率提高抢救成功率 液体超负荷增加危重病人死亡率液体超负荷增加危重病人死亡率 CVP监测能准确指导液体复苏吗?监测能准确指导液体复苏吗?白蛋白用于液体复苏新观点白蛋白用于液体复苏新观点Early Goal-Directed Therapy(EGDT):involves adjustments of cardiac preload,afterload,and contractility to balance O2 delivery with O2 demandChest 1992;101:1644Early Goal
2、-Directed Therapy in the Treatment of Severe Sepsis and Septic ShockRivers E,Nguyen B,Havstad S,et al.Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock.NEJM 2001;345:1368.Study purpose:to evaluate the efficacy of early goal-directed therapy in patients presenting to an e
3、mergency department with severe sepsis or septic shock(prior to ICU admission)Study design:prospective,randomized controlled,partially blinded,single center trialPatient randomized N=263Early goal directed therapy N=130Standard therapy N=133CVP 8-12 mm HgMAP 65 mm HgUrine Output 0.5 ml/kg/hrCVP 8-12
4、 mm HgMAP 65 mm HgUrine Output 0.5 ml/kg/hrScvO2 70%SaO2 93%Hct 30%Antibiotics given at discretion of treating cliniciansAs soon as possible Mean 6.2hrsICU MDs blinded to study treatmentNEJM 2001;345:1368-77.At least 6 hoursof EGDTMean 8hrsTransfer to ICUCVP:central venous pressureMAP:mean arterial
5、pressureScvO2:central venous oxygen saturationEarly Goal-Directed TherapyNEJM 2001;345:1368-77.49.2%33.3%0102030405060Standard Therapy N=133EGDTN=130P=0.01*Key difference was in sudden CV collapse,not MODSEarly Goal-Directed Therapy Results:28 Day MortalitySudden CV CollapseMODS21%vs 10%p=0.0222%vs
6、16%P=0.27NEJM 2001;345:1368-77.Mortality质疑点质疑点质疑点CVP监测能准确指导液体监测能准确指导液体复苏吗?复苏吗?Objective:A systematic review of the literature to determine the following:(1)the relationship between CVP and blood volume,(2)the ability of CVP to predict fluid responsiveness,(3)the ability of the change in CVP(CVP)to p
7、redict fluid responsiveness.The pooled correlation coefficient between theCVP and measured blood volume was 0.16(95%CI,0.03 to 0.28;r=0.02).1、The pooled correlation coefficient between baseline CVP and change in stroke index/cardiac index was 0.182、The pooled area under the ROCcurve was 0.56 3、The p
8、ooled correlation between CVP and change in stroke index/cardiac index was 0.11 4、The baseline CVP was 8.7-2.3mm Hg in the responders,as compared to 9.7-2.2mm Hg in nonresponders(not signficant;p 0.3).结论结论 1、CVP与血容量之间相关性很低与血容量之间相关性很低 2、CVP或者或者CVP没有能力判定补液对没有能力判定补液对血流动力学的影响血流动力学的影响 3、CVP不应该用于医生决策液体治疗不
9、应该用于医生决策液体治疗Fluid Resuscitation in Septic shockA Positive Fluid Balance and Elevated Central Venous Pressure Are Associated With Increased Mortality 回归性分析回归性分析 The Vasopressin in Septic Shock Trial(VASST)study 778为感染性休克患者为感染性休克患者 研究目的是确定研究目的是确定CVP、液体平衡与死亡、液体平衡与死亡率关系率关系Crit Care Med.2011;39(2):259-65
10、 12h液体平衡与CVP有关联,24小时就没有关联CVP GroupNet Fluid Balancep SurvivorsNonsurvivorsAll Patients3444(18615984)mL4429(25376560)mL.001CVP 12 mm Hg3975(23876614)mL5237(31407773)mL.001Stop filling patients against central venous pressure,please!*Crit Care Med 2011 Vol.39,No.2Lees N,Hamilton M,Rhodes A:Clinical re
11、view:Goal-directed therapy in high risk surgicalpatients.Crit Care 2009;13:231修正的修正的EGDTEGDT试验试验u1.镇静镇痛u2.液体反应性:CVP动态变化;对于正压通气患者SVV/PPVu3.滴定MAP7585mmHgu4.P(cv-a)CO2u5.血管活性药撤离试验血管活性药血管活性药物撤离试验物撤离试验液体超负荷,我们要重视液体超负荷,我们要重视的问题!的问题!Payen S,etal,for the Sepsis Occurrence in Acutely Ill Patients(SOAP)Invest
12、igators:A positive fluid balance is associated with a worse outcome in patients with acute renal failure.Crit Care 12:R74,2008液体积聚在为重病人中经常发生Fluid Resuscitation in Septic shockA Positive Fluid Balance and Elevated Central Venous Pressure Are Associated With Increased Mortality 回归性分析回归性分析 The Vasopres
13、sin in Septic Shock Trial(VASST)study 778为感染性休克患者为感染性休克患者 研究目的是确定研究目的是确定CVP、液体平衡与死亡、液体平衡与死亡率关系率关系Crit Care Med.2011;39(2):259-65 12h液体正平衡4.2 3.8 L 第四天液体正平衡11 8.9 L Quartile 1(Dry)Quartile 2Quartile 3Quartile 4(Wet)12 hrs Intake,mL2900(20503900)4520(37005450)6110(53307360)10,100(843012,100)Output,mL2
14、200(11003920)1590(9602560)1180(6002070)1260(6002400)Balance,mL710(1321480)2880(25103300)4900(42905530)8150(711010,100)Day 4 Intake,mL16,100(12,80019700)18,500(15,70022,500)22,800(19,70026,700)30,600(26,20036,000)Output,mL14,600(11,50020100)11,000(821014,500)9960(694012,900)8350(510012,300)Balance,mL
15、1560(7233210)8120(62109090)13,000(11,80014,700)20,500(17,70024,500)1、2与4相比,死亡率下降3与4相比,有下降,但无统计学意义CVP GroupNet Fluid Balancep SurvivorsNonsurvivorsAll Patients3444(18615984)mL4429(25376560)mL.001CVP 12 mm Hg3975(23876614)mL5237(31407773)mL.001结论:液体超负荷增加死亡风险液体超负荷增加死亡风险Vincent JL,et al:Sepsis in Europe
16、an intensive care units:results of the SOAP study.Crit Care Med 2006;34:344353.多因素回归分析表明:入院多因素回归分析表明:入院72小时液体平衡小时液体平衡时独立的结果预测指标:没增加时独立的结果预测指标:没增加1升的液体升的液体积聚,死亡风险增加积聚,死亡风险增加Fluid accumulation survival and recovery of kidney function in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury.目的目的:If fluid ac
17、cumulation is associated with mortality and non-recovery of kidney function in critically ill adults with acute kidney injury.方法方法:Fluid overload was defined as more than a 10%increase in body weight relative to baseline,measured in 618 patients enrolled in a prospective multicenter observational st
18、udy.Kidney Int 2009618 critically ill patients were examined the effect of fluid overload Figure 2.Mortality rate by final fluid accumulation relative to baseline weight and stratified by dialysis status.Reprinted from reference 20,with permission.a highly significant correlation was observed betwee
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